Ngati adokotala akuuzani kuti muyenera kuyesedwa kuti muyambe kusuta , mungakhale mukudzifunsa kuti ndi mayesero ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apeze matendawa.
Emphysema ndi mawonekedwe a matenda osokoneza bongo, kapena COPD , omwe amachititsa kuwonongeka kwa alveoli , timagulu ting'onoting'ono ta mpweya umene timapanga mpweya ndi carbon dioxide. Pamene izi zowonongeka, zimatha kupangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupuma.
Inu ndi dokotala wanu mungakhale okhudzidwa ngati muli ndi zizindikiro za emphysema monga kupuma pang'ono , chifuwa chachikulu (popanda kapena kupanga mankhwala), kuchepetsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena kuwonongeka kosayembekezereka.
Kuzindikira emphysema nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuyesa mapapu anu komanso kuonetsetsa kuti mulibe zifukwa zina za zizindikiro zanu. Tiyeni tiwone bwinobwino mayesero ena ogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti adziwe izi.
Mbiri ndi Thupi
Zomwe zimapereka zizindikiro ndi zofukufuku zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yoyezetsa thupi zimapereka dokotala wanu zizindikiro zoyamba ku matenda aliwonse, kuphatikizapo mankhwalawa.
Paulendo wanu, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani mafunso angapo okhudzana ndi mbiri yanu. Izi ziphatikizapo kufunsa za zizindikiro zofala monga:
- Chifuwa chokhazikika (kapena popanda kukopa chifuwa)
- Kupuma mofulumira ( tachypnea ) - Njira yoyenda kupuma kwa anthu akuluakulu ndi 12 mpaka 18 mpweya pamphindi
- Kupuma pang'ono
- Kulephera kochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kuposa kale
- Kutaya thupi
- Kuchepetsa kudya
- Kupuma
- Kugona kosauka
- Kusokonezeka maganizo
Adzakufunsani za ziwopsezo za emphysema monga kusuta fodya, kusuta fodya , komanso kunyumba ndi ntchito za mankhwala ndi zinthu zina.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pamene emphysema imayamba chifukwa cha kusuta fodya, anthu omwe sanasute fodya akhoza kutenga matendawa.
Mudzafunsiranso za mbiri ya banja lanu. Zina mwa zifukwa za emphysema, monga alpha-1-antitrypsin kusowa , zimathamanga m'mabanja. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti dokotala adziwe ngati mamembala ena a m'banja mwanu ali ndi emphysema koma samasuta.
Pambuyo polemba mbiri yabwino, dokotala wanu adzachita zochitika zathupi. Amamvetsera mapapu anu, komanso amayang'ana zizindikiro zina za emphysema monga:
- Mpweya wosawoneka bwino
- Chikhomo (mbiya yamphongo imatanthawuza kuzungulira chifuwa chomwe chingachitike chifukwa cha hyperinflation yamapapu)
- Kusokonezeka kwa minofu
- Kutaya thupi
- Kukopa misomali yanu (Kugona ndi chizindikiro chomwe mapeto a zala amatha kuoneka ngati zida zowonongeka)
- Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa minofu yowonjezera - Pamene anthu akuyesera kupuma ndi matenda a mapapu zimakhala zachilendo kuona kupweteka kwa minofu ya khosi pofuna kuyesa mpweya.
Chifuwa cha X Ray
Chifuwa cha X-ray ndi kafukufuku wamapapu, mtima, mitsempha yayikuru, nthiti, ndi diaphragm. Chizindikiro cha X-ray chikhoza kuchitidwa mu labu la radiology, ofesi ya dokotala kapena pa bedi lanu ngati muli m'chipatala.
Dokotala wanu apanga x-ray yoyamba pachifuwa kuti amuthandize kupeza matenda a emphysema, ndiyeno mwachindunji mu mankhwala anu kuti muwone momwe mukuyendera. Pa mapiritsi a x-ray, emphysematous amaoneka kuti Lucer ali ndi zizindikiro zochokera m'mitsempha ya mitsempha yopanda kutchuka. Ma diaphragms amawoneka akuphatikizidwa chifukwa cha hyperinflation yamapapu (omwe amatsitsa pamphuno.) Mwatsoka, kusintha kwa x-ray sikuwoneka mpaka matendawa ataliatali.
Kawirikawiri, chifuwa chachikulu cha CT chingachitike, kuti athandizidwe ndi matendawa komanso kuti awononge zina zomwe zingayambitse matenda ngati khansa yamapapo .
Ntchito Yowonongeka Imayesedwa
Mayankho a PFP amachitidwa kuti ayang'ane mapapu ndikuzindikira kukula kwa mapapo.
Odwala omwe ali ndi emphysema, pangakhale kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yamapapo (TLC), kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe mungapume mutatha kutaya mpweya wozama kwambiri koma kuchepa mu mphamvu yowonjezera (kuchuluka kwa mpweya womwe ukhoza kutsekedwa kapena kuthawa kuchokera m'mapapu) ndi voliyumu yofufuzira (FEV), kuchuluka kwa mpweya umene ukhoza kutuluka (nthawi zambiri kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zingathe kutuluka mumphindi imodzi). Kusiyanitsa mphamvu ndiyeso yina yofunikira. Zimayesa momwe mpweya wabwino umachokera ku alveoli kupita m'magazi (capillaries) ndi momwe carbon dioxide imasiyanitsira m'magazi kupita ku alveoli kuti ikhale yotulutsidwa.
Spirometry ndi yesero losavuta lomwe nthawi zambiri limachitidwa kuti liziyang'ana mphysema. Zimayesa kuchuluka kwake komanso momwe mungapume ndi kupuma mwamsanga.
Chiyeso china chotchedwa Lung plethysmography chingachitenso kuti mudziwe momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito mphamvu yanu yotsalira , kuchuluka kwa mpweya wotsala m'mapapu anu mutatha kupuma. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matendawa sakudziwika bwino kuti athe kusiyanitsa matenda osokoneza bongo .
Zonsezi ndi zosokoneza, koma kuti mumvetsetse matenda anu ndizofunika kuti dokotala wanu afotokoze zomwe iwo ali komanso zomwe iwo akutanthauza. Kumvetsetsa kumene ziwerengerozi zilipo panthawi yochidziwitso kungakuthandizeni kumvetsetsa ngati zizindikiro zanu zikukula kapena kuwonjezeka pambuyo pochiza chithandizo.
Magazi Amagazi Amagazi
Magetsi a m'magazi (ABGs) amachitidwa mwa kumwa magazi kuchokera mu mitsempha, monga mitsempha yamakono mu dzanja lanu kapena mitsempha yanu yachikazi m'kati mwanu.
Mayesowa amachititsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi carbon dioxide m'magazi komanso kukuthandizani inu ndi dokotala wanu kudziwa za acidity (pH) ya magazi anu.
ABGs ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandiza kuthandizira kukula kwa matenda anu komanso kuthandizira mankhwala.
Malipiro Okwanira Onse
Kuwerengera kwa magazi kwathunthu (CBC) ndi kuyesa kwa magazi komwe kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuthandizira kupeza mphysema komanso kusamalira zinthu zosiyanasiyana.
CBC imachitika nthawi yoyamba yoyezetsa thupi ndikuyang'anitsitsa nthawi yanu.
Dokotala wanu angayang'ane CBC yanu nthawi zambiri, chifukwa ichi ndi njira imodzi yodziwira kupezeka kwa matenda. Popeza matenda a mapapu ndi emphysema akhoza kukhala ndi zizindikiro zofanana, mayeserowa angathandize dokotala kudziwa ngati zizindikiro zilizonse zomwe muli nazo zikugwirizana ndi COPD yanu kapena ngati mutha kukhala ndi matenda opatsirana COPD yanu.
Kutulukira kwa Emphysema
Kufunika koyambitsa matenda a emphysema sikungakhale kovuta kwambiri. Ngakhale kuti emphysema sichidzasinthidwa ndi tanthawuzo, mankhwala oyambirira a emphysema ndi kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala kungathandize kuchepetsa kukula kwa matendawa ndi kusintha umoyo wanu.
> Zosowa
Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, ndi Stephen L .. Hauser. Mfundo za Harrison za Mankhwala a M'kati. New York: Maphunziro a Mc Graw-Hill, 2015. Print.
National Heart, Lung, ndi Blood Institute. COPD. Kudziwa. Kusinthidwa 04/28/17.