Musanayankhe funsoli "Kodi chiwerengero cha khansa yapakhungu yoopsa kwambiri ndi chiyani?" Ndikofunika kulankhula za nambala yomwe ikufotokoza kuchuluka kwa moyo. Choyamba, aliyense ali wosiyana. Ziwerengero zimatiuza kuti "kawirikawiri" njira kapena kupulumuka ndi chiyani, koma satiuza kanthu kalikonse ka anthu ena enieni. Zinthu zambiri zingakhudze matenda a kansa ya m'mapapo ya maselo .
Ndizothandiza kukumbukira kuti ziwerengero zimakhazikitsidwa pazomwe zili ndi zaka zingapo. Pamene mankhwala atsopano amapezeka, ziwerengerozi sizingaganizire molondola zomwe zikuchitika lero. Mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero cha zaka zisanu zapakati pa khansa yamapapu yomwe inafotokozedwa mu 2017 chimachokera kwa anthu amene anapezeka mu 2012 ndi m'mbuyomo. Pa nthawi yomweyo, panali mankhwala ena atsopano omwe amavomerezedwa kuti athe kuchiza khansa ya m'mapapo pakati pa 2011 ndi 2016, kusiyana ndi zaka 40 zisanafike chaka cha 2011. Kodi izi zikutanthawuza kuti chiwerengero cha kupulumuka kumeneku chikulephera kulingalira momwe wina muyenera kuyembekezera kuchita zina mwa mankhwalawa atsopano.
Pali chiyembekezo chochuluka kwa omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapo lero, koma mwatsoka, mawerengero omwe mungawerenge sangakhale othandiza kumvetsa chiyembekezo.
Zinthu Zomwe Zingakhudze Magulu Osautsa Matenda a Khansa Yopangika Kwambiri
Zina mwa zinthu zomwe zingakhudze msinkhu wa moyo ndi squamous cell carcinoma ndizo:
- Gawo la khansara yanu - Kuyambira nthawi yoyamba squamous cell carcinoma (mwachitsanzo, siteji 1 kapena siteji 2 ) ili ndi chidziwitso chabwino kuposa khansa yotsatira (monga siteji 3 kapena siteji 4 ). Komabe, kumbukirani kuti ambiri mwa mankhwala atsopano a khansa omwe takambiranawa ndi awa omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo.
- Wakale - Achinyamata akuluakulu omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapo amakhala ndi moyo wautali kuposa anthu achikulire ndi khansara yamapapo. Ngakhale kuti ndi owerengeka, anthu okalamba samachita chimodzimodzi ndi achinyamata omwe ali ndi matendawa, ndi nthano yakuti khansara yamapapu sangachitire anthu akuluakulu. Ndipotu, kafukufuku apeza kuti achikulire omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo nthawi zambiri amalekerera mankhwala omwe amalimbikitsa achinyamata omwe ali ndi matendawa.
- Kugonana kwanu - Kuyembekezera kwa moyo kwa amayi omwe ali ndi khansara yamapapo ndipamwamba pa gawo lililonse la matendawa.
- Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino pa nthawi ya matenda - Kukhala ndi thanzi labwino pa nthawi ya kufotokozera kumakhala ndi moyo wautali, komanso kuthekera kwakukulu kolimbana ndi mankhwala omwe angapitirize kukhala ndi moyo.
- Momwe mumayankhira ndi mankhwala - Zotsatira za mankhwala monga opaleshoni , chemotherapy , mankhwala ochiritsira , immunotherapy , ndi mankhwala othandizira ma ARV zimasiyana pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana ndipo zingachepetse kuti mungathe kulekerera chithandizo.
- Matenda ena omwe mungakhale nawo - Matenda ena, monga emphysema kapena matenda a mtima angachepe moyo wa khansa ya m'mapapo. Zinthu zinazi zingasokonezenso njira zina zothandizira khansa ya m'mapapo. Mwachitsanzo, omwe ali ndi COPD yovuta sangathe kulekerera kutaya mapapo awo kuchokera ku opaleshoni ya khansa yamapapo.
- Mavuto a khansara yamapapo - Zovuta za khansa ya m'mapapo monga mazira a magazi ndi zofufuzira, zimatha kuchepetsa moyo wa khansa ya m'mapapo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti zina mwa mavutowa, monga kupsinjika maganizo , ndi ochiritsira kwambiri, komanso kuti zithetse moyo wautali, ndikofunika kuti musamangoganizira chabe za kuchiza khansa yamapapo koma matenda omwe amapezeka pambali pa khansa ya m'mapapo.
- Khalani ndi dongosolo lothandizira - Maphunziro amatiuza kuti omwe ali ndi mphamvu zothandizira anthu amakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino kuposa omwe sali. Pachifukwa ichi, kuyang'anitsitsa magulu othandizira khansa ya m'mapapo ndi madera omwe akuthandizira angakhudze momwe mumayendera. Komabe, ubwino wa midzi imeneyi ukhoza kupitirira chithandizo chokha. Panopa pali anthu ambiri omwe adziwa za mankhwala atsopano komanso mayesero osamalidwa ndi azimayi, koma powerenga za mankhwalawa monga mbali ya khansa ya m'mapapo.
- Kukhala wothandizira anu - Tikuphunzira kuti kukhala wothandizira wanu pa chisamaliro chanu cha khansa sikuti kungangowonjezera umoyo wanu koma kungapangitse kusiyana kwa zotsatira.
Ziwerengero
Kuphatikiza pa kusiyana pakati pa anthu osiyana, matendawa angasinthe pakapita nthawi ngati mankhwala amatha kukhalapo monga tawonera poyamba, ndipo mankhwalawa akupezeka mwamsanga.
Squamous cell carcinoma ikhoza kufalikira ku ziwalo zosiyana ngati mafupa, matenda a adrenal, chiwindi, matumbo aang'ono, kapena ubongo, ndi chiwonongeko cha khansa ya m'mapapo yapamwamba si yabwino. Izi zati, pali opulumuka nthawi yayitali ngakhale khansa ya khansa yamapapu yambiri, ndipo mankhwala atsopano, monga mankhwala opatsirana ndi ma immunotherapy, akuyamba kulola anthu ena kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ngati matenda aakulu.
Ziwerengero zambiri zomwe zilipo zikuwoneka pa mitundu yonse ya khansa ya m'mapapo yopanda maselo . Mwa izi, zizindikiro za squamous cell carcinoma zimakhala zochepa kwambiri kuposa za adenocarcinoma koma zokhumba kwambiri kuposa khansara yaikulu yamapapu ya m'mapapo .
Kawirikawiri mitengo yachisanu ya zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri za khansa ya m'mapapo yochepa ndi:
- Gawo 1 - 49 peresenti pa gawo 1A ndi 45 peresenti ya siteji yoyamba 1B
- Gawo lachiwiri - 30 peresenti pa gawo 2A ndi 30 peresenti pa siteji 2B
- Gawo 3 - 14 peresenti pa gawo 3A ndi 5% pa siteji 3B
- Gawo 4 (Metastatic) - pafupifupi 1 peresenti, ngakhale kuti maphunziro akusonyeza kuti izi zikuwonjezeka
Malingana ndi siteji, ena mwa odwala ndi khansa yosakanikirana ndi khansa yosachiritsika akhoza kuchiritsidwa. Kawirikawiri, khansara yamatenda ya maselo sangachiritsidwe koma ndi zochiritsidwa .
Mwachitsanzo, Chemotherapy, imatha kupulumuka komanso imathandizira zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo. Pali mankhwala ambiri omwe akuyang'aniratu m'mayesero a kachipatala , ndikupereka chiyembekezo chakuti squamous cell carcinoma yamapapu ikuyendetsa bwino m'tsogolomu. Nyuzipepala ya National Cancer Institute imalimbikitsa kuti aliyense amene ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo ayenera kulingalira kuti angathe kuyerekezera zachipatala. Zikondwerero, mabungwe angapo a khansa yamapapo agwira ntchito pamodzi kuti apange kansa ya mapiritsi a mapiritsi osakaniza omwe ali ndi khansa yamapapo amalandiridwa kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Kuyeza Zomwe Mumakonda
Pamene mukuyang'ana pa chithunzithunzi ndizofunikira kuzindikira kuti magulu onse a khansa yamapiritsi sangakhale ofanana. Ndipotu, ngati pali anthu 300 omwe ali ndi squamous cell lung carcinoma m'chipinda, amakhala ndi khansa yapadera 300. Khansara yanu ikhoza kukhala ndi maonekedwe a maselo omwe angawonjezere kapena kuchepetseratu matenda anu omwe azoncologist adzakambirana nanu. Kuonjezera apo, kafufuzidwe ndikuyang'ana njira zina zowonetsera momwe thupi la squamous cell carcinoma limagwiritsira ntchito pofufuza zomwe zimachitika ngati maselo otupa omwe amapezeka pa madzi akumwa ndi zina.
Ngati mwapezeka kale, mwina mukuwopa, ndipo mumangokhala okhumudwa pang'ono. Ife taphunzira kuti kudziphunzitsa nokha za khansara yanu, ndi kudziteteza nokha ngati gawo la gulu lanu lachipatala, lingakhale ndi gawo lalikulu pa umoyo wanu.
Onetsetsani mfundoyi pa khansa yapakhungu yamagazi, kuphatikizapo mankhwala ena atsopano omwe akugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kudziwa kumene mungayambe. Phunzirani za masitepe oyambirira omwe mungapeze ngati mukupezeka ndi khansara yamapapo - zomwe zingakuthandizeni kuti muyende paulendo wanu.
Kuwonjezera apo, fufuzani malangizi awa pa zomwe anthu angathe kudzichita okha kuti apange chisamaliro cha khansa yamapapo .
Zotsatira
American Cancer Society. Khansa Zolemba ndi Zizindikiro 2016 .
Luo, X., Zang, X., Yang, L. et al. Comprehensive Computational Pathological Image Analysis Amalongosola Zomwe Zimayambitsa Khansa Yam'mimba. Journal of Thoracic Oncology . 2016 Nov 4.
Qi, Y., ndi W. Wang. Kufunika kwa Kachilombo kofalitsa Matenda a Tumamu mu Odwala Ambiri Odwala Matenda a Khansa. Cancer Biomarkers . 2016 Dec 2.