Kuwonjezereka kwa dzuwa kwa khansa ya m'mawere kumamveka monga momwe zilili - mlingo wochuluka wa mazira omwe amaperekedwa pambuyo pake nthawi zonse zowonjezereka zimatha. Tiyeni tifufuze njirayi pamatenda a khansa ya m'mawere, kuphatikizapo kufufuza komwe kwatha, komanso zotsatira zake.
Tanthauzo la Mphamvu ya Ma Radiation
Kansa ya pachifuwa nthawi zambiri imachizidwa ndi opaleshoni, kaya ndi lumpectomy kapena mastectomy .
Kuphatikiza pa opaleshoni, mankhwala ena angaperekedwe, monga chithandizo cha ma radiation , chomwe chimakhala ndi mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri omwe amapha khansa. Mtundu wambiri wothandizira ma radiation pambuyo pa lumpectomy (wotchedwa operekera opaleshoni) ndiwomveka bwino pamtambo wonse (womwe umatchedwa kuti thupi lonse lalitali).
Pambuyo pa nthawi yonse yothandizira mazira a m'mawere, zowonjezereka zimaperekedwa, monga njira yothetsera kubwereza (khansa ya m'mawere ikubweranso).
Kuwonjezera apo, kuwonjezereka kwa dzuwa kumaphatikizapo mankhwala amodzi kapena angapo omwe amawunikira pa bedi, yomwe ili malo ang'onoang'ono a minofu pamene khansa yapachiyambi inachotsedwa. Bedi lopweteka limayang'aniridwa chifukwa ndilo malo ambiri omwe khansa ya m'mawere ikhoza kubwerera.
Mankhwalawa amaperekedwa, pogwiritsira ntchito makina omwewo omwe amawotcha mawere onse, koma pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepa.
Ndikofunika kunena kuti bedi lopweteka limadziwika bwino pa nthawi ya lumpectomy ya mkazi. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake mapulogalamu opangira opaleshoni akhoza kuikidwa pa nthawi ya opaleshoni, monga izi zimathandizira timu yanu yowunikira masewera olimbitsa thupi kuyang'anitsitsa dothi la radiation.
Mmene Mankhwala Amathandizira Kuteteza Khansa ya M'bwerebwere Kukhalanso ndi Moyo
Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti akazi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zolimbitsa thupi amakhala ndi zocheperachepera zochepa za khansa ya m'deralo, poyerekeza ndi amayi omwe sakhala ndi mphamvu.
Kuwonjezera apo, kuchepetsa kubwereranso kwakukulu kwambiri kwa amayi a zaka zapakati pa 50 kapena aang'ono omwe amapezeka ndi ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
Izi zinati, ngakhale kuti kutentha kwa dzuwa kumachepetsa kwambiri chiopsezo cha kubwereka kwa khansa ya m'mawere (yotchedwa phindu kuderalo), sizikuwoneka kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pa moyo wonse (kufikira zaka 20 pambuyo pa chithandizo).
Zotsatira Zotsatira za Mvula Yam'mafupipafupi Ndiponso Nthawi Yaitali
Nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolepheretsa kuti dzuwa lizizira kwambiri, limakhala ndi zotsatira zofanana ngati mawere a m'mawere, monga kutopa, kutupa kwa khungu, ndi khungu limasintha, monga kufiira, kuthamanga, ndi kupukuta, ndi khungu la khungu.
Izi zinati, ponena za zotsatira za nthawi yaitali, ma radiation fibrosis a m'mawere akhoza kuchitika. Ndipotu, kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti poyerekeza ndi amayi omwe sankakhala ndi mphamvu zozizira kwambiri, awo omwe anali kuchita anali pangozi yowonjezereka kuti ayambe kukhala ochepa kwambiri.
Mfundo yaikulu apa ndi yakuti maonekedwe a mnofu akhoza kukhala ovuta kwambiri kwa amayi omwe amatha kupitiliza kutentha kwambiri poyerekeza ndi iwo omwe alibe-ngakhale, kufufuza komwe kumathandiza kupeza izi sikokwanira.
Mawu Ochokera
Mwachidule, amayi omwe akuchitidwa opaleshoni yoyamwitsa mwana wamwamuna akutsatira ndondomeko ya mawere, kuyambitsidwa kwa dzuwa kumapangidwira kuteteza khansa ya m'mawere pamtunda.
Mankhwalawa amatanthauza kuti mazira owonjezereka amaperekedwa pa malo oyamba a chilakolako, pamene maselo a kansa (osadziwika ndi maso) amatha kubisika.
Ngakhale kuti mphamvu za ma radiation sizinapezedwe kuti zipitirire kukhala ndi moyo kwa amayi omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mawere, imachepetsa chiopsezo cha kubwereza, ndi phindu lopambana kwambiri lomwe limapezeka mwa amayi achichepere.
> Zotsatira:
> Bartelink H et al. Kutsekemera kwa m'mawere kwathunthu kapena popanda kulimbikitsa odwala omwe akuchitidwa opaleshoni yoyamwitsa kwa khansa yoyambirira ya m'mawere: kutsata kwa zaka 20 za kuyesedwa kwapakati pachitatu. Lancet Oncol . 2015 Jan; 16 (1): 47-56.
> Franco, P., Cante, D., Sciacero, P. et al. Kugonana Kwagona M'kati mwa Kuphatikizidwa M'chiberekero chonse cha Radiotherapy: Kubwereza za Umboni Wathu. Care Care . 2015. 10 (1): 44-9.
> Mitundu I, Laenen A, Depuydt T, Weltens C, Kugonana kwapadera kwa amayi atatha kupaleshoni. Cochrane Databse Syst Rev. 2017 Nov 6; 11: CD011987.
> Moran, M., Schnitt, S., Giuliano, A. et al. Sukulu Yopangira Opaleshoni ya Oncology-American for Radiation Oncology chigwirizano chotsatira pazitsamba zoyamwitsa kusamalitsa ndi mazira onse a m'mawere mu magawo I ndi II omwe amawopsa khansa ya m'mawere, Annals of Oncology Opaleshoni . 2014. 21 (3): 704-16.
> Wowonjezera C et al. Zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a khansa ya m'mawere pambuyo pa nthawi yayitali mu EORTC Boost vs No Boost Trial. JAMA Oncol . 2017 Jan 1; 3 (1): 42-48.