Zifukwa za COPD Zomwe Zimalephereka
Kodi mukudziwa kuti pali zifukwa zinayi zomwe zimayambitsa COPD zomwe zili zotetezedwa kwathunthu? Matenda osokoneza bongo, kapena COPD, amatanthauza mtundu waukulu wa matenda omwe amachititsa matenda a bronchitis, emphysema, ndi bronchiectasis. Chikhalidwe chosasinthika, chizindikiritso cha zizindikiro za COPD chimaphatikizapo kuvutika kupuma ndi mtundu uliwonse wa khama ndi kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa mpweya kumalowa kapena kutuluka m'mapapo.
COPD ndi yonyenga; Zimatenga pang'onopang'ono, pang'onopang'ono zomwe zimakhala zozizwitsa pakati pa zaka zakubadwa pakati ndipo zimakula mokhala ndi zaka. Poona kuti ndi "matenda a munthu", kuyambira 2000, akazi ambiri amwalira ndi COPD chaka chilichonse kuposa amuna.
Ngakhale kuti pali matenda enieni a matenda, COPD imakhulupirira kuti imayambitsidwa ndi kusuta fodya. Zowonjezera zina zomwe zimayambitsa chitukuko ndi utsi wothandizira, kusokoneza mpweya, ndi kuwonetsa ntchito.
Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti pamene sitingasinthe mbiri yakale ya banja lathu, tili ndi ulamuliro pa chilengedwe chathu. Zomwe zili m'munsizi ndizomwe zimayambitsa COPD zomwe zingapewe kupyolera mu kusintha kwa moyo zomwe zidzathetseretu mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa.
Kusuta fodya
Chofunika kwambiri pa chiopsezo cha COPD ndi kusuta fodya. The American Lung Association akuganiza kuti 80% mpaka 90% mwa omwe amapezeka kuti ndi osuta fodya.
Kuchuluka kwa fodya komanso momwe akhala akusuta kwa nthawi yayitali kungapangitse mwayi wokhala ndi matendawa komanso kuwonjezera kuuma kwake. Zinthu zoopsa sizingowonjezereka kwa iwo omwe amasuta fodya nthawi zonse, koma ndi ndudu ndi fodya osuta.
Pofuna kuchepetsa mwayi wopezeka ndi COPD, muyenera kusiya kusuta .
Mapulogalamu ambiri alipo lero omwe angathandize anthu kusuta fodya, komanso kusiya kusuta zomwe zingathandize kuthetsa zilakolako. Onani dokotala wanu kuti mudziwe zambiri.
Utsi wa Secondhand
Kusuta fodya kumakhalabe vuto lalikulu pakukula kwa matenda ambiri, kuphatikizapo COPD. Malinga ndi bungwe la American Lung Association, utsi wosuta fodya umachititsa anthu pafupifupi 50,000 kufa chaka chilichonse, makamaka kuchokera ku khansa ya m'mapapo ndi matenda a mtima. Dokotala Wamkulu Wopereka Opaleshoni amatsimikiza kuti palibe maopsezo opanda chidziwitso chodziŵika.
Ngati mumasuta, nkofunika kuti muzindikire za ngozi yomwe imasuta fodya. Zimakhala zovulaza kwambiri kwa ana. Chinthu chabwino kwambiri chimene mungachite kwa munthu amene mumamukonda ndicho kusayima patsogolo pawo. Mwa kutenga udindo wa khalidwe lanu, mukhoza kuthandiza kupulumutsa moyo.
Kuwonongeka kwa mpweya
Kafukufuku akupitiriza kusonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa khalidwe labwino la mpweya ndi COPD. Ndipotu, chifukwa cha umoyo wabwino wa mpweya, kwa ambiri a ife, ndizochitika tsiku ndi tsiku, sizinayambe zakhala zofunikira kuti tizindikire zachilengedwe zathu komanso momwe timathandizira kuti tipewe kuwononga mpweya.
Bungwe la American Lung Association lagwiritsira ntchito kafukufuku wam'mbuyo pofuna kuyesa kuti malamulo alipo kuti ateteze umoyo wa anthu a dziko lonse.
Ngakhale kuti kudziwidwa kumeneku kwachititsa kuti pakhale ndondomeko yowonjezereka kwa anthu ambiri pazaka makumi asanu zapitazo, kuchuluka kwa magalimoto pamsewu kwaposachedwapa kwachititsa kuti zinthu zowonongeka zatsopano zitheke m'mlengalenga, monga ozoni ndi mpweya wabwino kuipitsa. Maphunziro ambiri okhudza matenda a matendawa tsopano akusonyeza kugwirizana pakati pa zowonongeka zapangodya zatsopano ndi kuwonjezereka kwa matenda othawa pandege monga COPD. Poganizira izi, kuunika kwa chiopsezo kwa omwe akudwala matenda oyendetsa ndege kumakhala kofunikira kwa ogwira ntchito zaumoyo komanso anthu omwe ali ndi zinyama. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, kupita kobiriwira ndi mwayi kwa iwo amene akufuna kuthandiza kuti akhale ndi thanzi labwino.
Ntchito Yopuma
Malinga ndi CHEST, (2002) "Kuwonetsetsa kwa malo ogwira ntchito ku fumbi langa la malasha, phulusa la thonje, silika ndi fumbi la tirigu zimadziwika chifukwa cha COPD". Kuwonjezera apo, akuti, "Kuwonetsetsa kwa isocyanates, latex labala labala, nyama ya dander, salatini ya platinamu ndi anthu ena ogwira ntchito ntchito awonetsedwa kuti ayambitsa kapena kuwonjezera mphumu". Monga momwe ndalama zogwirira ntchito zimayendera mabiliyoni ambiri, kulimbikitsidwa kwakukulu kuyenera kukhazikitsidwa pakuika malo abwino ogwira ntchito kumalo antchito. Malamulo okhwima ndi ofunika kwambiri kuti malonda apulumuke.
Kutetezeka kumalo kumayambira ndi abwana. Antchito omwe amagwira ntchito m'madera omwe ali pangozi ayenera kupatsidwa zipangizo zoziteteza monga masks, magolovesi, apuloni kapena zokutidwa. Amalonda omwe amalephera kupereka zotetezera ziyenera kuuzidwa. Ndi udindo wa wogwira ntchito kukhala wathanzi komanso wolimbikitsa chitetezo.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Bungwe la American Lung Association linanena kuti mu 2011, anthu okwana 12.7 miliyoni a ku America ankaganiza kuti ali ndi COPD. Mpaka pano, zakhala zikupweteketsa kwambiri kuti zikhale chifukwa chachitatu cha imfa m'dziko lino. Ziwerengero monga izi zimakhala zofunikira kwambiri kuzindikira zoopsa zomwe zimayenderana ndi COPD ndikufuna chithandizo cham'mawa ngati zizindikiro zikuyamba. Chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri samapezeka mpaka atakwanitsa zaka 50, kuchepa kwa thanzi kumachitika mofulumira panthawiyi. Kuzindikira zifukwa zoopsa ndi kulimbikitsa kusintha kwa moyo ndi njira yabwino yopezera thanzi labwino ndikupewa matenda oopsa, owopsa.
Zotsatira:
Association of Lung America. Mapepala Owona a COPD. Kusinthidwa 2013.
Association of Lung America. Tsamba loona za utsi wa Secondhand. Kusinthidwa 2013.
Leigh, Paul J., Ph.D., Romano, Patrick S. MD, MPH, Schenker, Marc B, MD, MPH ndi Kreiss, Kathleen, MD. "Ndalama Zogwira Ntchito za COPD ndi Asthma". CHEST 2002 121: 264-272.
Smeltzer, Suzanne C. & Bare, Brenda, G. (1996). Mankhwala a Brunnuer ndi Suddarth a Medical-Surgical Nursing ( Kupanga 8). Pennsylvania, PA: Lipponcott-Raven Ofalitsa.