Kodi Kulimbana Ndi Vuto la Zamankhwala N'chiyani?
Ataxia ndizosayansi chifukwa chosagwirizanitsa kapena kusokoneza. Mbali ya ubongo yomwe imagwirizanitsidwa ndi kugwirizanitsa ndizokongola. Zilonda chifukwa cha zotupa , kupweteka kwa matenda kapena matenda ambirimbiri omwe amachititsa kuti phokoso liwonongeke, kapena kuti mitsempha yowonjezera yolumikizana ndi cerebellum, zingayambitse kuyenda moyenera. Izi zingayambitse mavuto poyankhula, kumeza, ndikuyenda bwino.
Njira yosavuta kufotokoza zomwe adaxia ikuwoneka ndi kulingalira munthu yemwe amamwa mowa kwambiri. Mowa mwachindunji umakhudzidwa ndi cerebellum. Chokhumudwitsa, kugwirana ndi manja awo, ndi kusokoneza malankhulidwe awo zonse ndi chifukwa cha atxicia chifukwa cha mowa.
Mawu omaliza
Mawu apadera pa mbali zosiyanasiyana za ataxia ndi awa:
Dysmetria- kulephera kulongosola bwino mtunda. Katswiri wa zamagulu angayesetse dysmetria mwa kufunsa wina kuti awonetse mphuno zawo, ndiyeno chala cha khunyu. Ngati wodwala akufika patali kapena patapita nthawi, dysmetria alipo.
Dysrhythmia- kusakhoza kuyenda mwangwiro.
Dysdiadochokinesia- kutchulidwa "dis-die-add-ik-kin-e-ah-ah", mawuwa amatanthauza kuti wina sangathe kusuntha kanthu kena mobwerezabwereza. Katswiri wa zamagulu akhoza kuyesa izi mwa kumufunsa wodwala kuti abwerere dzanja lake mobwerezabwereza pamwamba pa dzanja lawo mofulumira.
Dysarthria - zovuta kulankhula. Zilonda za cerebellar zingayambitse zomwe zimafotokozedwa kuti ndi "kusanthula" mawu, kutanthauza kuti mawu akuchedwa ndipo amatsindika zida zosayenera.
Dysphagia -vuta kumeza. Izi zingayambidwe ndi zinthu zambiri kuphatikizapo mavuto a cerebellar.
Kutchulidwa -kutengeka kolimba kwa mutu ndi / kapena mutu umene ukhoza kuwonedwa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a cerebellar.
Mitundu ina ya ataxia imaphatikizaponso ataxia yachisokonezo, momwe kumangokhalira kugwedezeka kumakhala chifukwa cha kusowa kwa kumva kumene thupi liri mlengalenga (kulandila). Izi zikhoza kuyang'aniridwa ndi wina yemwe akusunthitsa chala chake kapena chala chake pansi, ndikumufunsa wodwala ngati angathe kuzindikira kusiyana kwake. M'katikati mwa atxia yosakaniza, kukhumudwa kumabweretsa chifukwa cha matenda omwe amachititsa chizungulire. Si zachilendo kuti munthu akhale ndi mtundu umodzi wa ataxia panthawi imodzi.
Zifukwa za Ataxia
Ataxia ingayambidwe ndi zinthu zambiri zosiyana. Monga tafotokozera, chirichonse chomwe chimawononga cerebellum chikhoza kutsogolera ku ataxia, kuphatikizapo zotupa kapena stroke. Zina mwa zifukwa za ataxia zikuphatikizapo:
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo , kuphatikizapo lithiamu ndi anticonvulsants.
Mankhwala osangalatsa , kuphatikizapo mowa, chamba, ndi PCP.
Zoizoni , kuphatikizapo mercury ndi toluene.
Mavitamini a Vitamini , kuphatikizapo B12 ndi vitamini E.
Zolakwika za ubongo , monga malingaliro a Arnold-Chiari.
Matenda omwe ali nawo , monga atadia a Freidreich , ataxia-telangiectasia , ataxia spinocerebellar, ndi episodic ataxia, pakati pa ena ambiri.
Cerebellitis , kutupa kwa cerebellum nthawi zambiri chifukwa cha matenda a tizilombo kapena matenda omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda
Matenda ena omwe amapezeka , monga matenda a leliac, matenda a Whipple, matenda opatsirana , komanso mkulu wa m'mwamba.
Mayesero a Ataxia
Ndi mayesero ati omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ataxia amadalira wodwalayo. Ngati pali mbiri yolimba ya banja, zingakhale zothandiza kwambiri kuyamba ndi mayeso a majini kwa spinocerebellar ataxia.
MRI ndibwino kutulutsa zomwe zimayambitsa ataxia ngati chotupa, stroke, kapena multiple sclerosis. M'malo ena otchedwa nexdegenerative ataxia, monga spinocerebellar ataxia, mbali za ubongo monga cerebellum ndi ubongo zingakhale zowonongeka. Ngati pali lingaliro lakuti kachilombo ka HIV kapena njira yowonongeka pambuyo pa ataxia, kuponyedwa kwa lumbar kungathenso kulangizidwa.
Kuchiza kwa Ataxia
Monga momwe zimakhalira, mankhwala a ataxia amadalira kudziŵa chenicheni chomwe chimayambitsa.
Komabe, chithandizo chamankhwala chingakhale chothandiza kwambiri pakuthandiza anthu kuthana ndi kusokonezeka ndi kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe zimayambitsa ataxia. Kugwiritsira ntchito zothandizira kuyenda monga woyendayenda kapena ndodo zingakhale zofunikira nthawi zina.
Zotsatira:
Hal Blumenfeld, Neuroanatomy Kupyolera M'zipatala. Sunderland: Sinauer Associates Publishers 2002
AH Ropper, Samuels MA. Adams ndi Victor's Principles of Neurology, 9th ed: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009.