Matenda a Machado-Joseph (MJD), amadziwikanso kuti spinocerebellar ataxia mtundu 3 (SCA3), ndi matenda a ataxia omwe anabadwa nawo. Ataxia ikhoza kuwonetsa minofu yolamulira, zomwe zimachititsa kuti asakhale oyenera komanso ogwirizana. Mwachindunji, MJD imapangitsa kusagwirizana kopitirira patsogolo mmanja ndi miyendo. Anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli amayamba kuyenda mosiyana, mofanana ndi nsomba zoledzera.
Angakhalenso ovuta kulankhula ndi kumeza.
MJD yakhala ikugwirizanitsa ndi chilema cha jini mu jini la ATXN3 pa chromosome 14. Ndilo vuto lalikulu la autosomal, kutanthauza kholo limodzi lokha liyenera kukhala ndi jini la mwana kuti likhudzidwe. Ngati muli ndi vutoli, mwana wanu ali ndi mwayi wokhala nawo 50 peresenti. Chikhalidwechi chimapezeka kawirikawiri mwa anthu a Chipwitikizi kapena Azorean. Pa chilumba cha Flores ku Azores, anthu 1 pa 140 ali ndi vuto. Komabe, MJD ikhoza kuchitika mumtundu uliwonse.
Zizindikiro
Pali mitundu itatu ya MJD. Ndi mtundu wanji umene umadalira pamene zizindikiro zimayambira ndi kuuma kwa zizindikilozo. Pano pali mawonekedwe omwe amapezeka kwambiri ndi zizindikiro za mitundu itatuyi:
| Lembani | Mibadwo Yowonjezera | Kuchuluka kwa Chizindikiro ndi Kukula | Zizindikiro |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lembani I (MKD-I) | Pakati pa zaka 10 mpaka 30 | Kuwopsa kwa chidziwitso kumapita mofulumira |
|
| Mtundu Wachiwiri (MJD-II) | Pakati pa zaka 20 mpaka 50 | Zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta pang'onopang'ono patapita nthawi |
|
| Mtundu Wachiwiri (MJD-III) | Pakati pa zaka 40 mpaka 70 zakubadwa | Zizindikiro zimakhala zochepa pang'onopang'ono |
|
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi MJD amakhalanso ndi mavuto monga masomphenya awiri (diplopia) komanso kulephera kuyendetsa kayendetsedwe ka maso, komanso kuwanjenjemera m'manja ndi mavuto. Ena amatha kugwedeza nkhope kapena mavuto kukodza.
Momwe DZI Amadziwira
MJD imapezeka kuti imadalira zizindikiro zomwe mukukumana nazo.
Popeza kuti matendawa adalandidwa , ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mbiri ya banja lanu. Ngati achibale ali ndi zizindikiro za MJD, funsani pamene zizindikiro zawo zinayambira komanso kuti mwamsanga zinayamba bwanji. Chodziŵika bwino chothetsera matenda chimangobwera kuchokera ku mayesero a chibadwa, omwe angayang'ane zolepheretsa mu chromosome yanu ya 14. Kwa omwe amakhala ndi YAM'MBUYO YOTSATIRA, nthawi ya moyo ikhoza kukhala yaifupi ngati zaka za m'ma 30s. Anthu omwe ali ndi MJD wofatsa kapena mtundu wam'mbuyo, amakhala ndi nthawi yokhala ndi moyo wabwino.
Kuchiza
Pakalipano, palibe chithandizo cha matenda a Machado-Joseph. Tilibe njira yothetsera zizindikiro zake kuti zisapite patsogolo. Komabe, pali mankhwala omwe angathandize kuthetsa zizindikiro. Baclofen (Lioresal) kapena poizoni ya botulinum (Botox) ingathandize kuchepetsa mitsempha yam'mimba ndi dystonia. Thandizo la Levodopa, mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu okhala ndi matenda a Parkinson, angathandize kuchepetsa kuuma ndi kuchepa. Thandizo la thupi ndi zipangizo zothandizira zingathandize anthu kuyenda ndi ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Kwa zizindikiro zamakono, magalasi a prism angathandize kuchepetsa masomphenya ophwanyika kapena awiri.
Zotsatira:
"Machado-Joseph Fact Sheet." Kusokonezeka. 16 Apr 2014. National Institute of Neurological Disorders ndi Stroke.
"Machado-Joseph Disease." Mndandanda wa Zachilombo Zambiri. National Organisation for Disorder Disorders. 15 Feb 2007.