Zizindikiro za Bronchiectasis

Zizindikiro Zowoneka Kwambiri ndi Zizindikiro za Bronchiectasis

Kodi zizindikiro ndi zachilendo za bronchiectasis ndi ziti?

Kodi Brochiectasis n'chiyani?

Bronchiectasis ndi mawonekedwe a matenda osokoneza bongo (COPD) omwe amadziwika ndi kuwonjezereka kwapadera kwa mpweya ( bronchi ndi bronchioles ) wa mapapo. Kaŵirikaŵiri zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda akuluakulu mu ubwana, komabe, ngakhale kuti matenda ambiriwa angathe kutetezedwa ndi katemera, chiŵerengero cha bronchiectasis chikuchuluka.

Pamene mlengalenga ikukula, mitundu yambiri ya ma ntchentche imakhala mkati mwawo komanso m'madzi omwe ali m'madera ofutukuka, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Kuwonongedwa kwa ndege kumayambanso chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa cilia, tsitsi laling'ono lotetezera lomwe limayendetsa kubwalo la ndege. Izi zimapangitsa kuti phokoso la kutupa mobwerezabwereza, matenda ndi njira zowonongeka kwapakati pa bronchiectasis.

Kawirikawiri zimakhala pang'onopang'ono, zizindikiro za bronchiectasis sizingatheke kwa miyezi kapena zaka zitatha zomwe zisanachitike kapena zochitika. Zizindikiro ndi zizindikiro za bronciectasis zingaphatikizepo:

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Chotupa Chambiri Chokhala ndi Zambiri Zambiri Zomwe Zimakhala Zovuta, Mphungu Yoipa

Chifuwa chokhazikika (chimodzi chosatha kuposa masabata asanu ndi atatu, ndipo nthawi zina chimakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri) n'chofala. Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa chifuwa chachikulu , ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi bronchiectasis nthawi zambiri amayamba "kusadziwika" ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zina.

Chifuwa chimachitika tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo kaŵirikaŵiri chimatsagana ndi nthendayi yochuluka, ya purulent sputum . Mphungu (kapena phlegm) imakhala ndi maselo akufa ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimabisika ndi maselo mumlengalenga, ndipo zimasiyana ndi sikhala, zomwe zimabisika pamwamba ndi pakamwa. Ngakhale kugwiritsidwa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa kambuku ndi chizindikiro cha bronchiectasis , chikhoza kuchitika ndi matenda a bronchitis , kusuta, kapena kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe.

Pokhala ndi kachilomboka, ntchentche nthawi zambiri imatulutsidwa, zonunkhira komanso zimakhala ndi magazi.

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Hemoptysis

Anthu omwe ali ndi bronchiectasis nthawi zina amakopera magazi pang'ono. Mawu amenewa amatchedwa hemoptysis. Hemoptysis (kapena kukakamira magazi ) ndi chifukwa chofunika kwambiri kuti mukhale ndi mitsempha yaing'ono yamagazi pafupi ndi mazira omwe amabwera. Kawirikawiri, kutaya magazi uku ndi kochepa, koma nthawi zina kumafuna chisamaliro chapamwamba. Pamene hemoptysis imachitika, nthawi zambiri imasonyeza kuti pali matenda ena.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti muyenera kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu ngakhale mutakopera magazi pang'ono. Kuwaza ngakhale supuni ya tiyi kapena timagazi timatengedwa ngati mwadzidzidzi wachipatala.

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Dyspnea

Dyspnea, kapena mpweya wochepa , ndi chizindikiro china chofala cha bronchiectasis chimene chimapezeka chifukwa cha kutsekemera kwa mpweya ndi mphuno.

Kawirikawiri, dyspnea imakhala yovuta kwambiri pochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kapena masewero olimbitsa thupi, mofulumira kwambiri ndi matendawa. Pamene chikhalidwe chikukula, mpweya wochepa umatha ngakhale kupumula.

Kumayambiriro kwa nthawi, dyspnea ikhoza kukhala yonyenga, ndipo anthu ambiri amayamba kukhulupirira kuti ali chabe mawonekedwe kapena amapeza mapaundi ochepa.

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Kuchepetsa Kulemera

Kuwonongeka kosayembekezereka kumachitika ndi bronchiectasis chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa caloric zomwe thupi limapanga chifukwa cha nthawi yaitali, kutsokomola kwambiri. Palinso zina zomwe zimayambitsa zolemetsa zosadziwika bwino, koma izi ziyenera kuyankhulana ndi dokotala nthawi zonse.

Ngati mukukhala ndi bronchiectasis, werengani zambiri za zakudya ndi COPD.

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Kutopa

Kutopa ndikumverera kwathunthu kwa kutopa kapena kusowa mphamvu. Ndi mtundu wa kutopa kumene sungathe kugonjetsedwa mosavuta ndi usiku wabwino wa tulo kapena khofi.

Pankhani ya bronchiectasis, chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa kutopa kungakhale kusowa tulo chifukwa cha kukhwima kwa nthawi yaitali. Nthawi zina, zotsatira za mankhwala zimatha kufanana ndi kutopa ndipo zimapezeka ndi antihistamines, mankhwala a magazi, mapiritsi ogona, steroids, kapena diuretics.

Onetsetsani malangizo awa olimbana ndi kutopa chifukwa cha COPD .

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Kufooka Kwachibadwa

Kufooka ndi chizindikiro chofala cha matenda ambiri osatha. Zofooka zomwe zimayambitsa bronchiectasis zimakhala zowonongeka, kutanthauza kuti zimakhudza thupi lonse, mosiyana ndi kufooka komweko, zomwe zimakhudza chiwalo china, gulu limodzi, kapena mbali imodzi ya thupi.

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Kuloledwa kwa zala

Kupanga misomali kungakhale chizindikiro cha kutaya kwa oxygen kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo mwina, kapena ayi, kuwonedwa mu bronchiectasis. Kupha Clubbing kumachitika ndi matenda a m'mapapo monga idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis ndi COPD, koma amatha kuwona ndi zina zochitika kuchokera ku matenda opatsirana, mpaka ku matenda a Grave (mtundu wa hyperthyroidism) ku khansa monga matenda a Hodgkin, ndipo alipo mpaka pachitatu la anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo . Amapezanso kawirikawiri pamtundu wina wa anthu monga khalidwe lobadwa nawo.

Kuyamba kubisala kumakhala ngati sponginess ya bedi la msomali pamodzi ndi kutaya kwa malingaliro a bedi la msomali, kuchititsa bedi la msomali kukhala lopitirira pansi ngati chikho chokwera.

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Kupuma

Kawirikawiri imatchulidwa ngati kulira kwa malipoti pakamwa panthawi yofufuzira kapena kutuluka, kutuluka kumayambitsanso chifukwa cha kutsetsereka kapena kutsekedwa kwa ndege. Kawirikawiri, kupopera kumakhala kokweza kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi bronchiectasis kuti mumvetse popanda kuthandizidwa ndi stethoscope.

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Matenda Achimimba Obwerezabwereza

Matenda opatsirana amachititsa manyazi ku bronchiectasis monga gawo lazungulirika. Matenda obwerezabwereza angapangitse bronchiectasis, koma bronchiectasis imayambitsanso munthu ku matenda opatsirana ammapapo.

Matenda omwe amapezeka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi bronchiectasis amatengera matenda a bakiteriya (monga staphyloccus,) matenda a fungal (monga aspergillosis,) matenda a mycobacterial (monga chifuwa chachikulu ) kapena matenda opatsirana (monga chiwindi). Ngati matenda a mapapu amachiritsidwa mwamsanga, bronchiectasis sichidzachitika.

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Ululu ndi Breathing

Kupweteka ndi kupuma kapena kupuma kwakukulu, komwe kumatchedwanso "kupweteka kwa chifuwa chachikulu," kumapezeka pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi bronchiectasis. Ululu wa Pleuritic kapena pleuriy ukhoza kuchitika chifukwa cha vutoli, kapena chifukwa cha mavuto monga chibayo kapena magazi.

_Zotsatira:

_{Kasper, Dennis L .., Anthony S. Fauci, ndi Stephen L .. Hauser. Mfundo za Harrison za Mankhwala a M'kati. New York: maphunziro a Mc Graw Hill, 2015. Print.}

_{Suarez-Cuartin, G., Chalmers, J., ndi O. Sibilia. Matenda Odziwitsa Matenda a Bronchiectasis. Mankhwala Opuma . 2016. 116: 70-7.}