Mtundu wa COPD uli ndi Zovuta za Ana
Ngati iwe kapena wokondedwa wamuuza kuti uli ndi bronchiectasis, mwina mukuyesera kumvetsa vutoli. Ngakhale ndizofala, anthu sadziwa zambiri za mtundu umenewu wa COPD kuposa emphysema kapena bronchitis. Kodi zizindikiro, zifukwa ndi zifukwa zotani, ndi chithandizo cha matendawa?
Tanthauzo: Bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis ndi mtundu wa matenda obisala m'mimba (COPD) kumene makilomita akuluakulu a m'mapapo ( bronchi ) amaonongeka ndi kukulitsidwa.
Mucous akhoza kusonkhanitsa mumadzimadzi oterewa, kulola mabakiteriya kukula ndi kupangitsa matenda opatsirana achiwerewere. Matendawa akhoza kukhala amodzi kumalo amodzi a mapapo, kapena opezeka m'mapapo onsewa.
Mbiri Yachilengedwe ya Bronchiectasis
Bronchiectasis imayamba ndi matenda opuma opatsirana mobwerezabwereza. Matendawa amachititsa kuti kuphulika, kukulitsa, ndi kupweteka kwa bronchi, ma tubes omwe amachoka ku trachea mpaka pansi kupita ku alveoli, kumadera amapapu kumene kutengako mpweya ndi carbon dioxide kumachitika. Pakalipano, kusonkhanitsa ntchentche mu malo ofutukuka kumapangitsa kuti zizindikiro zithe kuyamba. Matendawa amachititsa kuti matendawa ayambe kuwonjezereka komanso kuwonjezereka kwa bronchi.
Zifukwa ndi Zoopsa
Bronchiectasis imayamba chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana mobwerezabwereza ali mwana. Matendawa omwe angayambitse khansa ya bronchiectasis monga chifuwa chochepa chifukwa cha katemera, komabe chiwerengero cha bronchiectasis chikupitirizabe kukula.
Pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya milandu imayamba chifukwa cha cholowa cha cystic fibrosis . Zitha kuchitanso chifukwa cha kulepheretsedwa kwa mpweya ndi chifuwa monga khansara yamapapo , kapena thupi lachilendo, chifukwa cha kutetezedwa kwa chitetezo cha mthupi kuchokera ku congenital disorders kapena kachirombo ka HIV, chifukwa chodziwika ndi bowa wotchedwa brakepulmonary aspergillosis, kapena chifukwa chake kupita ku ciliary dysplasia.
Zizindikiro za Bronchiectasis
Zizindikiro za bronchiectasis za bronchiectasis nthawi zambiri zimachitika chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa ndege komanso kusungunuka kwa ntchentche zomwe zimayambitsa matenda. Zizindikiro zofala zimaphatikizapo:
- Chifuwa chopitirira : Chifuwa chophatikizidwa ndi bronchiectais chimapezeka tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo kawirikawiri chimakhala chovuta kwambiri m'mawa komanso mobwerezabwereza usiku.
- Kukula kwa mucusi : Chifuwa cha bronchiectasis cha tsiku ndi tsiku chimakhala ndi kamasi komwe kumakhala koyera, kofiira, kobiriwira, kapenanso magazi. Kuperewera kwa mankhwalawa, nthawi zina kumakhala koyipa, ndi chizindikiro cha matendawa.
- Zizindikiro chifukwa cha matenda obwerezabwereza monga fever ndi zizindikiro za kupuma.
- Kupuma .
- Kudula magazi .
- Kupweteka ndi kupuma kwakukulu ( kupweteka kwa chifuwa chachikulu ).
- Kulingalira : Clubbing ndi momwe zimakhalira pamtundu wa maonekedwe a supuni yosinthidwa.
- Kupuma pang'ono : Kupuma pang'ono kumachitika nthawi
- Kutayika kosayembekezereka .
- Kutopa: Kutopa komwe kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi bronchiectasis kumakhala kozama, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumagwirizanitsidwa ndi khama lomwe limaphatikizapo kukodza, komanso kuchepa kwa mpweya wa mpweya m'mapapo.
Kuzindikira kwa Bronchiectasis
Kutulukira kwa bronchiectasis kumayamba ndi mbiri yosamalitsa ndi kuyerekezera kwa thupi pambuyo potsatiridwa ndi kujambula ndi mapulogalamu a ntchito zamapapo.
Mayesero ena omwe amathandiza pa matendawa ndi awa:
- Chifuwa cha X-ray: Chifuwa cha x-ray chingasonyeze zizindikiro zina za matendawa, koma mayesero ena (monga CT) amafunika kuwatsimikizira kapena kutsutsa matendawa.
- Chifuwa cha CT: Chidziwitsochi chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popangidwa ndi CT.
- Kuyeza kwapulogalamuyi kumathandiza kuthandizidwa ndi matendawa.
- Khansa ya bronchoscopy ikhoza kuchitidwa pofuna kuthetsa khansa ya thupi kapena ya m'mapapo.
Zoyezetsa zina zingatheke kuti zithetse mavuto ena (monga chifuwa chachikulu, cystic fibrosis, ndi zina) zomwe zingakhale ndi zizindikiro zomwezo.
Kuchiza
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chithandizo cha bronchiectasis ndicho kuchiza chifukwa chachikulu cha matendawa.
Matendawa ndi osowa ndipo amayenera kuchitidwa ndi kuyang'aniridwa. Zinkaganiziridwa kuti mankhwala opangira cystic fibrosis angathandize anthu opanda cystic fibrosis ndi bronchiectasis, koma posachedwapa zikuwoneka kuti zina mwa mankhwalawa zingakhale zovulaza. Njira zothetsera maulendo a ndege zingathandize ndi matenda ocheperachepera ndi mapapu. Mankhwala oxygen angafunikire ngati matendawa ndi oopsa, ndipo nthawi zina opaleshoni amafunika kuchotsa bronchus.
Mavuto
Kuwonjezera pa matenda obwerezabwereza, anthu ena amapanga atelectasis - kugwa kwa gawo limodzi kapena zonse zamapapu ndi kupuma kumene kumachitika. Matendawa amachititsanso kuti mtima ukhale wolephera, chomwe chimadziwika kuti cor pulmonale .
Kuthamangitsani
Chizindikiro cha bronchiectasis chimadalira chifukwa chachikulu. Kwa anthu ena, izi zikhoza kukhala zoopsa kapena zoopsa (monga momwe zilili ndi cystic fibrosis) koma kwa ena, kukhala ndi moyo wathunthu ndi wamba ndi kotheka.
Zinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi moyo wautali ndikuphatikizapo chiwerengero cha thupi lalikulu (mwachitsanzo, osati kukhala ochepa thupi), katemera wambiri, makamaka pa matenda a chimfine ndi pneumonoccus, ndi maulendo afupipafupi.
Zinthu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi anthu osauka zimaphatikizapo hypoxia (mlingo wochepa wa magazi okosijeni), kutaya magazi (kuthamanga kwa mpweya wa carbon dioxide), kuwonjezereka kwa mpweya, ndi matenda oopsa omwe amawoneka pa maphunziro a radiology.
Chitsanzo: Yoswa adapanga bronchiectasis pamene chifuwa chake chapopu chinatsekereza njira yaikulu m'mapapo ake.
Mawu Ochokera
Bronchiectasis, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya COPD, nthawi zambiri imakhudzana ndi matenda m'mayambiriro a moyo (m'malo mochita zinthu monga kusuta pambuyo pake). Komabe ngakhale kuti majekeseni amapita patsogolo, matendawa akuwonjezeka ku United States. Pamene tikuphunzira zambiri zokhudza matendawa, tikupeza kuti ndizovuta kwambiri, kutanthauza kuti zizindikiro za matenda ndi njira zowonongeka zimasiyana kwambiri kuchokera kwa munthu ndi munthu. Izi zikutanthawuza kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli kuti palibe njira imodzi yofanana ndi oyang'anira, koma munthu aliyense ali ndi bronchiectasis akuyenera kuwonedwa ngati munthu kuti adziwe njira zabwino zothandizira.
> Zotsatira:
> Association of Lung America. Phunzirani za Bronchiectasis. http://www.lung.org/lung-health-and-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/bronchiectasis/learn-about-bronchiectasis.html.
> Chalmers, J., ndi S. Chotirmall. Bronchiectasis: Mankhwala atsopano ndi Maganizo atsopano. Lancet Respiratory Medicine . 2018 Feb 22.
> Elaraachli, W., Conrad, D., ndi A. Wang. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala a Cystic Fibrosis a Osati Amaliseche Fibrosis Bronchiectasis. Chipatala cha Chifuwa chachipatala . 2016. 37 (1): 139-46.
> Lee, A., Burge, A., ndi A. Holland. Njira zothandizira ndege za bronchiectasis. 2015. 11: CD008351.
> Pizzutto, S., Upham, J., Yerkovich, S., ndi A. Chang. Kuphatikizira mankhwala osakanikirana ndi anti-inflammatories kwa ana ndi akulu omwe ali ndi bronchiectasis. Dongosolo la Cochrane la Zosintha Zogwirizana . 2016. 27: CD007525.