M'nkhaniyi pozungulira, mbali zonse za ma lymph nodes zimaphimbidwa, choncho ndi malo abwino kuyamba. Ngati muli ndi funso lokhudza lymph nodes, mpata kuti takuphimbani apa.
1. Kutupa Mitsempha ya Lymph
Osati ma lymph nodes for dummies , nkhaniyi ndi malo abwino oyamba. Pali mbeu pafupifupi 600 mpaka 700 zozungulira nyemba zonse.
Mafupa amtunduwu ndi mbali ya mitsempha yotupa thupi - thupi lina lomwe limayendetsa mitsempha yamadzimadzi m'mitsinje, kuthandiza kuchotsa poizoni ndi othawa.
Mafunso okhudzana ndi zotupa zotupa kapena mapuloteni otupa amayankhidwa, monga: Ndi chifukwa chiti chomwe chimayambitsa maghala opweteka? Kodi ma lymph nodes kwenikweni ndi glands? Kodi ndingadziwe bwanji ngati mphuno ndi kutupa kwa mitsempha yotupa, kapena chinthu china? Kodi ma lymph nodes sagwedezeka popanda chifukwa? Kodi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu, yomwe imakhala yambiri, ingayambitse mafupa m'madera osiyanasiyana kuti aphule?
2. Khansa ndi Lymph Nodes
Iyi ndi nkhani yomwe mukufuna kufunsa mafunso awa: Kodi kugwirizana kwa khansara ndi maselo amphithi ndi chiyani? Kodi pali chinthu chonga khansa ya m'magazi? Kodi ma lymph node amatani pamene sakhala ndi khansa? Kodi zizindikiro za khansa ya m'magazi ndi yotani? Kodi anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi ali ndi mapuloteni otupa? Nanga bwanji anthu omwe ali ndi lymphoma?
3. Lymph Nodes ndi Immune System
Ndikudabwa ndi chiyani, makamaka, chimachitika mkati mwa maselo am'mimba? Ichi ndi nkhani kwa inu, ndipo zimangokhalapo zokhudzana ndi masewera a pakompyuta omwe amapangitsa kuphunzira za maselo am'mimba kukhala osangalatsa. Genentech - kampani yomwe imadziwika bwino ndi njira zake zothandizira chitetezo cha mthupi, inapanga seweroli lotchedwa lymph node labyrinth.
Zikuoneka kuti mitsempha yamakono ikuchitika - monga ngati misika yamakono kunja, ndi mipikisano yothamanga ndi amalonda osiyanasiyana kuti agwirizane nawo. Mukusakaniza kwa labyrinth iyi yodabwitsa, mudzaphunziranso za antigens, maselo a T opha komanso udindo wa antibodies. Pakuti maseŵera okhudzana ndi anti-wodwala awone "Tells Cells Attack," masewera omwe ali ngati Angry Birds.
Ngati chidwi chanu pa ma lymph nodes chimakhudza kwambiri mbali ya ma antibodies, onani momwe antibodies amachitira khansa . Ndipo ngati chiri chonsecho "chotsutsana-chinthu chowonetserako" chomwe chimakupweteketsani kapena chimakweza chidwi chanu, yesetsani nkhani yosiyana: Khansara Yopanda Chitetezo .
4. Zosautsa Ndi Zowawa Zambiri Zam'mimba
Nthawi zina ngati mliri wam'mimba umapweteka kapena suwapereka madokotala kuti azidziwa zomwe matendawa angakhale. Izi zikuti, nthawizonse zimakhala zosiyana ndipo palibe chomwe chimakhala chosavuta.
Mwachitsanzo, kutupweteka kopanda kupweteka kwa khungu limodzi kapenanso kambirimbiri kungakhale chizindikiro choyamba pa mitundu ina ya lymphoma, monga follicular lymphoma. Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi lymphoma adzakhala atakula kwambiri . Nodezi sizimapweteka kwambiri kukhudza, ngakhale zitatha. Kwa anthu ena, mitsempha ya m'mimba imatha kupweteka kwambiri atamwa mowa , ndipo izi zikuwoneka ngati zofala kwambiri kwa anthu omwe ali ndi Hodgkin lymphoma.
5. Lymph Nodes pa X-rays ndi CT Scans
Palibe khansa ya m'magazi kapena lymphoma imapezeka ndi kuganiza. Kufufuza koyambirira kumafuna biopsy ndi mayesero angapo a ma laboratory omwe amachitidwa pazigawo zamagazi ndi minofu. Kuyesera kuganizira za khansa ya m'magazi, makamaka, sikungathandize ngati mitundu ina ya khansara yomwe imapanga matumbo.
Ponena za lymphoma , njira zowonongeka kwa mitsempha yomwe imawululidwa ngakhale m'chifuwa x-rays ikhoza kukhala yofunikira kwambiri, kuthandizira kuchepetsa mwayi. Sikuti mitsempha yonse yotupa m'chifuwa ndi lymphoma. Matenda ena a khansa, matenda ndi matenda omwe sali odwala ngati sarcoidosis angakhale olakwa.
6. Lymph Nodes ku Lymphadenopathy
Lymphadenopathy ndi matenda kapena kukulitsa ma lymph nodes . Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya lymphadenopathy - kapena mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma lymph node kutupa.
Mankhwala amtunduwu amatha kutchulidwa ku dera, chiwalo kapena kugwirizana kwa izi - ndizofanana ndi zidole za ku Russia. Ngati mukufuna kudziŵa zambiri za retroperitoneal lymph nodes , kapena maselo am'kati mwa chifuwa pafupi ndi mtima ndi m'mapapu - maselo amkati a m'mimba - nkhani zomwe zili ndi mainawo ndizovuta kwambiri.
7. Lymph Nodes Yoyenera-Kukula
Kotero, chizolowezi ndi chiyani? Yankho likudalira pa malo a mliri wamadzimadzi, komanso momwe zimakhalira zolimba kapena zosalala zomwe mukufuna kuti mukhale nazo zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe chosadziwika. Kumbukirani, mitsempha yam'mimba imachita bwino - ku matenda, mwachitsanzo - ndi kutupa kumachita yankho labwino lomwe limathandiza thupi.
Nthawi zina akatswiri a sayansi ya zakuthambo amagwiritsa ntchito kukula kwake poyang'ana mafilimu m'maphunziro ojambula zithunzi - ndipo zimayang'ana momwe akuyang'ana "nyemba" - ndiko, kuchokera kumbali kapena pamtanda kapena pamutu, etc.
- Malo ambiri m'dera la khosi: 10 mm mufupikitsa -fupi ndi malire apamwamba
- Nodes pansi pa nsagwada: 15 mm
- Mapiritsi a m'mimba (mkati mwa chifuwa) maselo am'mimba: 10 mm monga malire apamwamba, ochepa kwambiri
Kwa zaka zazikulu zamakono zowonjezera thupi - kutupa kapena kukulitsa - wakhala chizindikiro chachikulu kwa madokotala a matenda. Zidakali zochitika nthawi zambiri, komabe, chifukwa chakuti mliriwu ndi wabwinobwino sikutanthauza kuti uli wathanzi, ngakhale. Ndipo izi zimakhala zofunika pamene nkhawa ndi khansa.
Dokotala sakudziwa kuti akudera nkhaŵa ndi mankhwala a lymph node ngati, pogwiritsa ntchito CT scans kapena x-ray, sizikuwoneka kuti ndi cholakwika ndi icho. Apa ndi pamene PET / CT ingathe kupereka mphamvu yowonjezera yowonjezera . Mwachitsanzo, PET ikhoza kuwonetsa matenda mu maselo akuluakulu omwe amatha kuyeza matenda omwe ali kunja kwa maselo, koma osati pa CT.
> Zotsatira:
> Radiopaedia.org. Lymph Node Kukulitsa.
> Cheson BD, Fisher RI, Barrington SF et al. Malingaliro a Kuunika koyambirira, Kufufuza ndi Kuyankha Kafukufuku wa Hodgkin ndi Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Chilemba cha Lugano. J Clin Oncol. 2014; 32 (27) 3059-3068.
> Barrington SF, Mikhaeel NG, Kostakoglu L, et al. Udindo wa Kujambula mu Kufotokozera Kuyankhulana ndi Kuyankha kwa Lymphoma: Consensus of International Conference pa Magulu Ogwira Ntchito Zojambula Zambiri za Malymant Lymphomas. J Clin Oncol. 2014; 32 (27): 3048-358.
> Smith, Monica. Lymphoma New Recommendations Zikuwonekera Patsogolo.
> Matthew Stenger. Ndemanga Zowonjezera, Kuyeza, ndi Kuyankha Mafunso kwa Hodgkin ndi Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Kulemba kwa Lugano.