T-maselo ndi kachigawo kakang'ono ka maselo oyera a magazi omwe amathandiza kwambiri pa chitetezo cha mthupi komanso kumenyana ndi khansa. Tiyeni tipewe chitetezo cha m'thupi kuti chikhale chosavuta kumva.
Pali mitundu iwiri yoyamba ya maselo oyera (leukocytes): lymphocytes ndi granulocytes.
Lymphocytes, kenaka, imasweka pansi:
- Maselo a T (maselo ochokera ku thymus)
- Maselo a B (maselo osungidwa ndi mafupa a mafupa)
Mtundu wa Chitetezo
Thupi lathu liri ndi mitundu iwiri yoyamba ya chitetezo chodziwika :
- Kusungira chitetezo cha m'thupi
- Chitetezo chaumunthu
Ma maselo a T ali mbali ya chitetezo cha m'kati mwa thupi, mbali ya chitetezo cha m'thupi chimene mungathe kuchiona ngati kupha mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi maselo a khansa. Kachilombo ka mtundu wina kamene kamateteza thupi lathu kumateteza matupi athu kuchokera kwa adaniwa popanga ma antibodies.
Mitundu ya T-maselo
Pali mitundu yambiri ya maselo T, kuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Maselo a T Cytotoxic - Maselo a mtundu wa Cytotoxic amatenga ndi kulunjika mwachindunji alendo monga mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi maselo a khansa.
- Maselo Othandizira T - maselo a Mthandizi T amatenga maselo ena otetezeka ku chitetezo cha m'thupi ndipo amapanga chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Ma cell T olamulira - Ma cell T olamulira ayenera kugonjetsa chitetezo cha mthupi kotero kuti sichikwiyitsa (monga momwe zimakhudzira matenda osadziwika okha), komabe mbali zazikulu za biology ya maselo ameneĊµa sizikhala zinsinsi ndipo zimapitiriza kutsutsana kwambiri.
- Mafupa a chilengedwe T - Njere zachilengedwe T (NKT) sizili zofanana ndi maselo achilengedwe, koma zimakhala zofanana. Maselo a NKT ndi maselo a T cytotoxic omwe amayenera kukonzedweratu ndi kusiyanitsa kuti agwire ntchito yawo. Mankhwala achilengedwe (NK) ndi maselo a NKT ndi magulu a lymphocytes omwe amagwirizana nawo. Onse awiri angayankhe mwamsanga kupezeka kwa maselo otupa komanso kutenga nawo mbali pamagulu oteteza chitetezo cha mthupi.
- Maselo a Memory T - Maselo a Memory T kukumbukira zizindikiro pamwamba pa mabakiteriya, mavairasi, kapena maselo a khansa omwe awona kale.
Kupanga, Kusungirako, ndi Kupezeka
Pambuyo popangidwa m'mafupa , maselo a T amathera nthawi yaitali akukula komanso amakhala ndi chiwalo mu chifuwa chotchedwa thymus-ndicho chifukwa chake amatchedwa T-maselo, omwe amaimira maselo otengedwa ndi thymus. Pambuyo kusasitsa, maselo a T amakhala m'magazi ndi m'magazi.
Ntchito ya T-Cell mu khansa
Maselo a T amathandiza kwambiri polimbana ndi khansa. Zingakhale zosokoneza kwambiri kulankhula za maselo a T, makamaka pokambirana za khansa monga lymphoma, kotero tiwone njira zomwe maselo a T amagwirira ntchito polimbana ndi khansa komanso momwe angakhudzidwe ndi khansa. Kuti achotse khansa, ngakhale pali maselo okwanira T, ayenera kuyamba "kuona" khansara.
Njira Zomwe T maselo Amagwira Ntchito Polimbana ndi Khansa
Maselo a T amagwira ntchito njira zowononga khansa.
- Maselo a T T apha maselo a kansa mwachindunji - Maselo amenewa amayamba kupeza maselo a khansa ndipo amatha kuwonetseratu kupha maselo a kansa.
- Maselo a Mthandizi T amamenyana ndi khansa molakwika - Maselo amenewa akukonzekera ndikutsogolera kulimbana ndi khansa.
Njira Zomwe T Maselo Amakhudzidwa ndi Khansa
- Kuchita nawo mwachindunji ku khansa - Mu khansa monga T-cell lymphoma , T maselo omwe ali ndi khansa.
- Matenda a mitsempha ya mitsempha - Mafupa ndi khansa zina zomwe zimafalikira pamtambo wa mafupa. Amatulutsa maselo abwino pamthambo (zowonongeka za maselo T) zomwe zimapangitsa kuti maselo a T athetsedwe.
- Kuwonongedwa chifukwa cha chemotherapy - Chemotherapy ikhoza kutaya maselo a T ndi maselo ena oyera.
Immunotherapy
Njira yatsopano yopangira kafukufuku imaphatikizapo kukonzanso kachilombo ka T-maselo kuti athe kuzindikira ndi kupha maselo a khansa. Mankhwalawa asonyeza zotsatira zowonjezera zowonjezera ku lymphoma.
Khansa Yopanda Chitetezo
Maselo a T ali mbali ya zomwe zimadziwika kuti khansa-chitetezo chozungulira.
Pamene maselo a khansa amafa, amamasula ma antigen, zinthu zomwe zingadziwike ndi chitetezo cha mthupi.
Maantijeni ochokera ku maselo a khansa amatengedwa ndi kuperekedwa pa selo pamwamba pa maselo apadera omwe amatchedwa antigen-presenting cells (APCs) kuti maselo ena am'thupi athe "kuona" antigens of interest. M'magulu am'mimba, APCs zimayambitsa maselo T ndi kuwaphunzitsa kuzindikira maselo otupa. Maselo a T amayenda kudzera mitsempha ya magazi kuti ifike pamimba, imalowa mkati mwake, amazindikira maselo a khansa ndi kuwapha.
> Zotsatira:
> American Cancer Society. Kodi N'chiyani Chatsopano mu Research Research Immunotherapy Research? 11/05/15.
> Chen, D., ndi I. Mellman. Oncology ikuyendera ma immunology: Kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a khansa. Chitetezo chokwanira . 2013. 39 (1): 1-10,25.
> Chen, D., Irving, B., ndi F. Hodi. Njira Zomwe Zimapangidwira Mwezi: Kenaka Chilombo Choyambitsa Immunotherapy - Kuletsa Kukonzekera Imfa-Ligand 1 ndi Kukonzekera Imfa-1. Kafukufuku wa khansa yachipatala . 2012. Kodi: 10.1158 / 1078-0432.CCR-12-1362.