Kuyang'anitsitsa kwambiri Top 5 Cancers zakufa

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Makanswe Oopsa Kwambiri Akuyesedwa

Maselo a khansa amagawanitsa, kukula ndi kufalikira thupi lonse. Ngati madokotala samaletsa kufalikira kapena maseŵera a maselo a kansa, zotsatira za imfa.

Zinthu zosiyanasiyana, mkati ndi kunja, zimayambitsa khansara. Zizindikiro za mkati zimaphatikizapo kusintha kwa majini, mahomoni, ndi ma chitetezo cha mthupi. Zinthu zakunja zikuphatikizapo kusuta, zakudya zopanda thanzi, ndi matenda opatsirana. Kawirikawiri, pamafunika zaka zingapo kuti izi zisawonongeke.

Malingana ndi American Cancer Society , mu 2015, pafupifupi 1,658,370 miliyoni atsopano khansa akuyembekezeka pakati pa Amereka, ndipo anthu 589,430 adzafa ndi matendawa.

Nazi asanu khansa zakufa kwambiri.

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Khansa Yoopsa Kwambiri # 1: Khansa Yam'mimba

Matenda a khansa yamapapu ndi bronchus mu 2015: 221,200

Kufa kumene kunayambitsidwa ndi khansa yamapapo ndi bronchus mu 2015: 158,040

Mwatsoka, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kansa ya m'mapapo ali ndi matenda akuluakulu ndipo amatha kufa ndi matendawa. Kusuta fodya-chinthu chomwe chingasokoneze vutoli-ndilo vuto lalikulu kwambiri la khansa ya m'mapapo. Malingana ndi kuunika kwakukulu, khansara yamapapu imagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri: kansa ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo ndi kansa yaing'ono ya m'mapapo . Malingana ndi mtundu ndi gawo la kansa ya m'mapapo, mankhwala angaphatikizepo opaleshoni, chemotherapy ndi radiotherapy.

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Khansa Yakufa # 2: Khansa Yoyamba

Matenda opangidwa ndi khansa yapadera mu 2015: 132,700

Kufa kumene kunayambitsidwa ndi khansa ya coloni mu 2015: 49,700

Poyamba, khansara yofiira imakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena ayi. Ngati agwidwa khansara yoyambirira, yofiira amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi kulimbikitsa zaka 5 zapulumuka. Mwachitsanzo, chiwerengero cha anthu ena omwe ali ndi khansa yoyamba kwambiri ndi pafupifupi 90 peresenti. Komabe, kuti tipulumuke khansa yoyipa, kuyerekezera ngati colonoscopy n'kofunikira. Mwamwayi, zaka zisanu zapakati pa mliri wa khansa yapamwamba kwambiri ndi yotsika kwambiri. Malinga ndi siteji ndi kufalikira kwa khansa yoyipa, mankhwala angaphatikizepo opaleshoni, radiotherapy, chemotherapy kapena embolization.

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Khansayo yakufa # 3: Khansa ya m'mawere

Matenda opangidwa ndi khansa ya m'mawere mu 2015: 234,190

Kufa kwapangidwe komwe kunayambitsidwa ndi khansa ya m'mawere mu 2015: 40,730

Khansara ya pachifuwa imayambitsidwa ndi kukula kwa maselo omwe amavala makululu kapena mawere a m'mawere. Pafupifupi 1 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mawere imakhudza amuna. Khansara ya pachifuwa imachokera ku khungu kapena selo losandulika. Kawirikawiri, zimatengera nthawi kuti maselo ena a clonal akhale opweteka kwambiri komanso awonongeke.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya m'mawere chingakhale chovuta komanso chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri. Kawirikawiri, mankhwala a khansa ya m'mawere amatha kukhala ochuluka (mastecotmy) kapena kuteteza mawere (lumpectomy). Kuphatikiza pa mankhwala opaleshoni am'dera, adjuvant kapena systemic therapy amaperekedwanso kuti athetse anthu ndi khansa ya m'mawere. Mankhwala oterewa amatha kukhala ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa mankhwalawa. Mwamwayi, pokhala ndi zowonjezereka pakuzindikira ndi kuchiza, anthu ambiri amene amapezeka ndi khansa ya m'mawere amakhala moyo.

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Khansa Yoopsa Kwambiri # 4: Khansa ya Pancreatic

Matenda opangidwa ndi khansa ya pancreatic mu 2015: 48,960

Kufa kwapangidwe ka khansa ya pancreatic mu 2015: 40,560

Khansara yapancreatic ndi imodzi mwa khansa yaukali yomwe ilipo. Iyo imapha mwamsanga ndipo imamugwedeza wodwalayo ndi zizindikiro zambiri zopweteka komanso zoopsa kuphatikizapo kupweteka kwa mmimba, kulepheretsa biliary, magazi, ascites ndi zina. Ngakhale kuti palifukufuku wokhudza nkhaniyi, palibe njira zowonetsera bwino kapena mankhwala a khansa ya pancreatic.

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Khansa Yoopsa Kwambiri # 5: Khansara ya Prostate

Matenda opangidwa ndi kansa ya prostate mu 2015: 220,800

Kufa kumene kunayambitsidwa ndi khansa ya prostate mu 2015: 27,540

The prostate ndi mankhwala omwe amapezeka mwa amuna okha. Chimakhala pakati pa mapewa a m'munsi omwe ali pakati pa rectum ndi chikhodzodzo. Prothate imapanga madzi amadzimadzi omwe amadyetsa umuna.

Khansara ya prostate imachokera ku maselo osasangalatsa ndipo motero ndi adenocarcinoma . Matendawa amakhudza amuna achikulire ndipo amapezeka kwambiri pakati pa a ku America ndi omwe ali ndi mbiri ya banja. Mankhwala ambiri a khansa ya prostate amakula pang'onopang'ono, ndipo anthu omwe ali ndi kansa ya prostate yosavomerezeka amawoneka popanda mankhwala ena. Ndipotu, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kansa ya prostate amafa ndi zifukwa zosagwirizana ndi matenda a mtima kapena kupwetekedwa mtima.

Chithandizo cha khansa ya prostate chimaphatikizapo kuchotsa opaleshoni (prostatectomy), mankhwala opangira ma radiation (radiotherapy) ndi brachytherapy. Brachytherapy ndi njira yomwe iodine yowonjezera imayikidwa mu prostate.

Ngakhale kuti akuluakulu amodzi akuyang'anitsitsa kansa ya prostate ndi kafukufuku wamakono a digito ndi prostate-specific antigen (PSA), m'zaka zaposachedwapa, akatswiri ambiri azachipatala sakuyesa kufufuza nthawi zonse. Ngakhale kuti Medicare imaphimbabe kufufuza koteroko, akatswiri ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kupindula ndi kuwonetsetsa koteroko sikungatheke.

_Zotsatira:

_{American Cancer Society. Khansa Zolemba ndi Zigawo Za 2015. www.cancer.org.}

_{Lippman ME. Mutu 90. Khansa ya m'mawere. Mu: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Mfundo za Harrison za Internal Medicine, 18e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2012.}

_{Morgensztern D, Govindan R, Perry MC. Mutu 97. Khansa Yam'mimba. Mu: Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Tinetti ME, Studenski S, High KP, Asthana S. eds. Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine ndi Gerontology, 6e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2009.}

_{Pienta KJ. Mutu 96. Khansa ya prostate. Mu: Halter JB, Ouslander JG, Tinetti ME, Studenski S, High KP, Asthana S. eds. Hazzard's Geriatric Medicine ndi Gerontology, 6e . New York, NY: Hill ya McGraw; 2009.}