Mitsempha Yathu Yodutsa Mkati mwa Ubongo Wathu
Chigoba cha optic chimajambula ndi maonekedwe a X omwe amapangidwa ndi kuyambuka kwa mitsempha ya ubongo mu ubongo. Mitsempha ya optic imagwirizanitsa ubongo kumaso.
Kwa akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo, optic chiasm imaganiza kuti ndi kusintha kwa chisinthiko. Amalingalira kuti kuwoloka ndi kugwedeza mitsempha ya optic yomwe imayendayenda mumagetsi opangidwa motere kuti athandizire kuwona masomphenya ndi dzanja la manja.
Anatomy ya Optic Chiasm
Pa optic chiasm, mitsempha ya mitsempha kuchokera ku theka la retina iliyonse imadutsa kumbali ina ya ubongo. Nsalu kuchokera ku theka lina la retina imapita kumbali imodzi ya ubongo. Chifukwa cha kugawanika, hafu iliyonse ya ubongo imalandira ziwonetsero zooneka m'maso mwa maso onsewo.
Matenda a Optic Chiasm
Pali mavuto angapo kusiyana ndi momwe angakhudze optic chiasm. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Matenda opweteka monga multiple sclerosis
- matenda monga chifuwa chachikulu
- odzudzula (osakhala ndi khansa) zotupa ndi makoswe
- khansa ya khansa
- zovuta (zotengera magazi)
Momwe Adenoma Wachilengedwe Amakhudzira Chisokonezo Chakumaso
Matenda ambiri omwe amakhudza optic chiasm ndi adituoma ya pituitary. Matenda a adenomas ndi otupa. Nthaŵi zambiri, zimakhalabe zopanda phindu, koma nthawi zina zimatha kuwonetsa masomphenya, nthawizina zimayambitsa masomphenya. Pamene akukula mu kukula, adenomas amatha kupanikizika pazofunikira m'thupi, monga mitsempha ya optic.
Kuika maganizo pa mitsempha ya optic kungayambitse ubongo, kotero ndi kofunikira kuti madotolo a maso azizindikira zotupa zamatenda asanawononge masomphenya.
Mtundu wa pituitary uli pafupi kukula kwa nyemba ndipo umamangirizidwa kumunsi kwa ubongo kumbuyo kwa mimba. imakhala pansi pomwe pansi pa optic chiasm.
Ngakhale zili zochepa, pituyo imayendetsa chitetezo cha mitundu yambiri ya mahomoni. Zimathandizira kukhala ndi chitukuko ndi chitukuko ndikuyendetsa mafupa, ziwalo, ndi mahomoni osiyanasiyana. Kusintha kwa mahomoni kungachititse kusintha kwakukulu m'matupi athu.
Kuphatikizapo masomphenya amasintha monga masomphenya awiri , maso a m'maso , ndi maonekedwe a m'munda, adenomas amatha kuyambitsa zizindikiro zotsatirazi:
- Mutu wamutu
- Nsowa kapena kusanza
- Sinthani ndikumva kununkhiza
- Kulephera kugonana
- Kusokonezeka maganizo
- Kulemera kosadziwika kumasintha
- Sinthani kusintha kapena kusamba kwa nthawi yoyamba
N'chifukwa Chiyani Matenda a Optic Chiasm Angakhale Ovuta Kuzindikira?
Pamene matenda kapena zilonda zimakhudza mitsempha ya optic musanafike ku ubongo mu ubongo, chilema m'masomphenya chidzawonetsedwa m'maso limodzi ndipo chikhoza kuthana ndi diso lonselo. Anthu omwe amavutika ndi chilema chimodzi nthawi zina samazindikira mpaka diso limodzi liphimbidwa. Izi ndichifukwa chakuti, pamene maso onse atseguka, malo owonongeka a diso lililonse adzasokoneza chilemacho.
Ngati matendawa akhudza tsamba la optic pambuyo pa chiasm, munthuyo adzakhala ndi vuto m'maso mwawo onse, koma vutoli lidzasintha gawo limodzi la masomphenya.
> Zotsatira:
> Kidd, D. Optic chiasm. Chipatala cha Handb Neurol. 2011; 102: 185-203.
> O'Connell JEA. Mmene thupi la optic chiasma limatchulidwira komanso limatchulidwa kuti hemianopia. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, ndi Psychiatry . 1973; 36 (5): 710-723.
> Prasad, Sashank. Mavuto owonekera chifukwa cha zotupa zamatenda. Brigham ndi Women's Hospital. Webusaiti. 2016.