Mukuwona kawiri? Masomphenya awiri ndizowonetseratu panthawi yomweyo mafano awiri a chinthu chimodzi. Zithunzizi zikhoza kuthamangitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, zowoneka, zozungulira, kapena zowonongeka.
Kodi Masomphenya Awiri Ndi Chiyani?
Masomphenya awiri kawirikawiri amapezeka pamene maso sakuloledwa, kapena osanenedwa pa chinthu chomwecho, kutipangitsa kuti tiwone zithunzi ziwiri zosiyana.
Zithunzi zonsezo zimatumizidwa ku ubongo zomwe timachita monga masomphenya awiri. Nthawi zambiri, maso athu onse amawonetsedwa pa chinthu chomwecho. Izi zimapanga chithunzi chowonekera, chokhachokha ndi kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa mafano awiri kutipatsa ife mzere wosiyana. Kusiyanitsa kwachinsinsi kumeneku kumatipatsa chidziwitso chakuya , chomwe chimatchedwa masomphenya a stereo. Ndipotu, kutalika kwa maso a zinyama ndizo malingaliro abwino kwambiri omwe ali nawo.
Masomphenya awiri akhoza kuchititsa mavuto pamoyo, kuphatikizapo kuvutika kwakukulu pomaliza ntchito zosavuta. Mwamwayi, ubongo mwachibadwa umateteza masomphenya awiri poletsa, kapena kunyalanyaza, imodzi mwa mafano awiriwa. Tili ndi zovuta za minofu ndi maso omwe amalankhulana wina ndi mzake kuti maso onse aziyenda pamodzi.
Zimayambitsa
Dzina lachipatala la masomphenya awiri ndi diplopia. Diplopia ikhoza kukhala pakatikati kapena nthawi zonse. Chifukwa njira ya mitsempha itatu yomwe imayendetsa maso a minofu ndi yaitali, yovuta komanso imayambira mu ubongo, masomphenya awiri akhoza kukhala chizindikiro cha vuto lalikulu la mitsempha.
Chilema paliponse pamayendedwe angapangitse masomphenya awiri. Ziwalo zina zimayambitsidwa ndi kuvulala mutu, stroke, aneurysm, chifuwa cha ubongo kapena kutupa kwa ubongo. Matenda a shuga, matenda oopsa kwambiri ndi matenda ambiri omwe amachititsa kuti ziwalo za mitsempha zimayang'anitsa minofu ya maso, zomwe zingayambitse masomphenya awiri.
Chinthu chinanso cha masomphenya awiri ndizosautsa . Strabismus ndi chikhalidwe chimene chimachititsa kuti maso asasokonezedwe, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa "diso kutembenuka." Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi strabismus amabadwa nawo ndipo amakhala ndi diso limene limangoyenda mkati kapena kunja. Strabismus angapangitsenso diso limodzi kulunjika kapena pansi. Pa ana ambiri, zimakhala zovuta kupeza chifukwa chenicheni. Nthawi zina mphutsi imayamba chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kwakukulu (zosowa za magalasi ovomerezeka) ndipo nthawi zina zimatuluka m'maso. Ana ambiri amng'ono samavutika ndi masomphenya awiri ngakhale kuti maso awo sakuloledwa. Ubongo wathu nthawi zambiri umatilepheretsa ndipo timalephera kuwona kawiri mwa kupondereza chimodzi mwa mafano ndi kuichotsa. Ubongo wathu umaphunzira kusanyalanyaza chithunzi chowonjezera, chomwe chimadziwika ngati kuponderezedwa. Ana amawoneka kuti amasintha mofulumira ndipo ubongo wawo umaletsa chimodzi mwa mafano mofulumira. Komabe, pamene fano lina likuchotsedwa, mwanayo ali pachiopsezo chokhala ndi amblyopia, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatchedwa diso laulesi, chifukwa diso siligwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. Pamene vutoli likula mwa akuluakulu, masomphenya awiriwa amapezeka mosavuta. Ubongo wakale uli ndi vuto lochotsa chifaniziro chimodzi poyamba chifukwa, chifukwa cha mbali yaikulu ya moyo wawo, maso onse anali kugwira ntchito mokwanira.
Monocular Diplopia
Kwa mbali zambiri, muyenera kukhala ndi maso awiri ogwira ntchito kuti muwonetse masomphenya awiri. Komabe, pali mtundu umodzi wa masomphenya awiri omwe angathe kuchitika mumaso limodzi, otchedwa monocular diplopia. Chifukwa chofala cha monocular diplopia ndi cataract . Nthenda ya cataract ndikumangirira ndi kumveka kwa diso loyang'ana, mkati mwa diso la munthu. Zilonda zambiri zimakula tikamakula. Zilonda zina zimatha chifukwa cha kupweteka kwa diso. Nthaŵi zina, ziphuphu zimapezeka m'magulu akuluakulu omwe amachititsa kuwala kugawanika pakamwa. Anthu ena amazindikira kuti ngati masomphenya awiri.
Astigmatism ingathenso kuwonetsa masomphenya awiri kuchokera mu diso limodzi. Astigmatism , vuto lalikulu la masomphenya lomwe limasokoneza masomphenya, nthawi zina limatha kupatulira kapena kutambasula fano kwambiri moti limawoneka kuti ndilowiri.
Chithandizo
Phimbani izi: Njira yosavuta yothetsera masomphenya awiri ndikutseka diso limodzi ndi chigamba. Izi zimathetsa msangamsanga fano limodzi koma zimakhala ndi zotsatira zolakwika zochepetsera masomphenya anu kapena maganizo ozama.
Fresnel "Onetsetsani" Prism: Njira ina yothandizira kuwona masomphenya awiri ndi kugwiritsa ntchito ndudu ya Fresnel pamwamba pa magalasi ako. Chipinda cha Fresnel ndi pepala lochepa kwambiri la ma prismenti ang'onoang'ono omwe amasintha kuwala mwa njira ina. Gululi limasuntha chithunzi chomwe diso losawona likuwona mu malo kotero kuti maso onse akhoza kunyengerera fano kukhala fano limodzi, lolunjika bwino. Gulu la Fresnel lili ndi ubwino wokhala wamphindi. Galasi la Fresnel likhoza kuchotsedwa pa magalasi mosavuta pamene diplopia imadzikonza yokha. Gulu la Fresnel lipindulitsa pamene masomphenya awiri amayamba chifukwa cha matenda monga shuga kapena matenda oopsa. Kawirikawiri, masomphenya awiriwa amatha miyezi yosachepera 6 mpaka 9 ndipo amachoka pamene chikhalidwe chimachitika.
Ophthalmic Prism: Ngati mawonedwe awiri ali osatha, ndiye kuti nthawi zonse, mankhwalawa amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumagulu anu a magalasi. Nthaŵi zina imakulitsa makulidwe a lens kumbali imodzi koma akuyang'ana bwino cosmetically kuposa ndodo ya Fresnel.
Thandizo lachiwonetsero: Vision Therapy (VT) ikuphatikizapo njira zambiri zosiyana kuti akonze masomphenya awiri ndi strabismus. Nthaŵi zina makina ena ndi ma kompyuta amagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka ndemanga za umunthu kuti athetse masomphenya awiri. Nthawi zina, machitidwe a minofu a maso amachitika pofuna kulimbitsa minofu ya maso.
Kuchita opaleshoni: Opaleshoni ya masomphenya awiri ali opambana nthawi zambiri. Ochita opaleshoni a maso omwe amagwiritsa ntchito opaleshoni yamaso akugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaphatikizapo kufupikitsa kapena kusuntha minofu ya maso. Sutures yosinthika amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyendetsa minofu ya maso kumaso pambuyo pa opaleshoni.
Botox: Poizoni wa Botulinum imayikidwa mwachindunji ku umodzi wa minofu yoyendetsa kayendedwe ka diso. Izi zimachepetsa mitsempha ya mitsempha ndipo zimayambitsa minofu kuti ikhale yowongolera. Minofu imatsitsimutsa ndipo minofu ina ya diso imawombera kuti iwononge diso. Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimaphatikizansopo maulendo otukuka kapena mawonongeko opitirira awiri.
Mawu Ochokera
Masomphenya awiri ndi odwala kwambiri. Komabe "modzidzidzimutsa" masomphenya awiri ndi ofunika kwambiri. Pamene diplopia imabwera mwadzidzidzi, vuto lanu la ubongo mu ubongo lanu liyenera kuchitika nthawi zonse musanayambe kufufuza zowonjezera zomwe zimayambitsa. Ngati muli ndi masomphenya awiri, muyenera kuyesedwa ndi optometrist, ophthalmologist , katswiri wa m'maganizo kapena ena azachipatala mwamsanga.
Pambuyo poyezetsa, dokotala wanu adzakufunsani mafunso otsatirawa:
- Kodi masomphenya awiriwa adawoneka mwadzidzidzi, kapena akhalapo kwa nthawi ndithu?
- Kodi ndizowonjezereka, kapena zikuwoneka kuti zikubwera ndi kupita?
- Kodi masomphenya awiriwa amachoka pamene mutsegula diso limodzi?
- Kodi mukuwona diso limodzi kapena maso onse awiri?
Chitsime: Neuro-Ophthalmology - Buku Lophunzitsa za Ophthalmology. Slamovits, Thomas L., ndi Ronald Burd. Copyright 1994, Buku la Mosby-Year Europe, Ltd.