T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) ndi lymphoma ya khungu. CTCL imachokera ku T-cells , mtundu wa lymphocyte kapena selo loyera la magazi. CTCL si nthenda imodzi, koma gulu la mitundu yambiri yamagulu yomwe imakhudza khungu makamaka:
- Mycosis fungoides,
- Matenda a Sezary,
- Seticulum cell sarcoma ya khungu, ndi
- Zina zambiri zosaoneka ndi amphmasi.
Lymphoma imakhala ndi ma lymph nodes .
Komabe, maselo amphamvu kapena ma lymphocytes alipo m'ziwalo zonse za thupi. Khungu ndilofunika kwambiri kutetezera chitetezo cha mthupi, ndipo ma maselo ena T amasunthira khungu kuti ateteze ku matenda. Maselo a khansa a T-cell lymphoma omwe amagawanika amatembenukira ku khungu. Zambiri mwa ma CTCL zimagwirizana ndi zilonda, kapena kuvulala, zomwe zimabweretsa pakhungu.
T-cell lymphoma imayimira gulu la mitundu yosawerengeka ya Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). CTCL imangokhudza odwala 1 pa 40 alionse omwe atulukira kumene a NHL.
Zowopsa
CTCL imakhudza amuna ambiri kuposa akazi. Anthu omwe ali ndi CTCL amakhala ndi zaka makumi asanu kapena makumi asanu. Ana sakhudzidwa kawirikawiri. Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa chiwerengero cha anthu omwe akukhudzidwa ndi khungu lam'mimba kumapeto kwa zaka makumi atatu.
Palibe zambiri zomwe zimadziwika chifukwa cha CTCL. Mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya malimymasi, palibe kugwirizana ndi mavairasi odziwika.
Kafukufuku akupitiriza kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa CTCL.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro zoyamba za khungu la khungu limaphatikizapo khungu lakuda kapena lakuda, mpweya wofiira, ndi kuyabwa. Mphungu imakhala yowonjezeka m'madera omwe amakhalabe ndi zovala. Anthu ena akhoza kuyamba kuzindikira khungu lofiira kapena lakuda pakhungu. Zizindikirozi sizomwe zimayambitsa lymphoma ndipo anthu ambiri amachiritsidwa kawiri kawiri khungu asanayambe kuganiza kuti mlimbamtima umakhala wokayikitsa.
Pamene matendawa akupita, zigoba zofiira zikhoza kukwera, Izi zimatchedwa kuti plaques. Mipata ingadzakhalenso mitsempha yotchedwa nodular kapena bumpy. Mu matenda aakulu, zilonda zingathe kukhala pamwamba pa zilondazi. CTCL ikhozanso kufalikira ku maselo am'mimba kapena ziwalo zina. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi CTCL ali ndi zizindikiro za khungu. Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya milandu yam'mbuyo imayamba kukula.
Kudziwa
Chikopa cha khungu chiyenera kudziŵa CTCL. Chitsanzo choterechi chidzafufuzidwa pansi pa microscope kuti mudziwe maselo a lymphoma. Mayesero ena angapo kuphatikizapo mayesero a zizindikiro za lymphoma (immunohistochemistry) ndi ma jini a lymphoma amafunika kudziwa mtundu wa lymphoma. Kufufuza kwa CT kapena zojambula zina zingathe kuchitidwa kuti mudziwe kukula kwa matendawa.
Chithandizo
Kuchiza kwa khungu wam'mimba kumasiyana kwambiri ndi momwe maimbulera ena amachitira. Njira yanu yothandizira idzadalira kukula kwa khungu, mtundu wa khungu, ndi ziwalo za thupi kapena ziwalo zina za thupi.
Mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala imagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Chemotherapy amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa khungu
- Chiwerengero cha mankhwala a khungu lamakono - mtundu wa mankhwala opatsirana
- Psoralen ndi ultraviolet Mvula
- Mazira a Ultraviolet B
- Bexarotene - monga gel komanso mapiritsi
- Denileukin Difitox
- Interferon alpha
- Chemotherapy ndi jekeseni kapena mapiritsi
Posachedwapa, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inavomereza gel mechlorethamine (Valchlor) chifukwa cha chithandizo cha khungu la mycosis fungoides, mtundu wochuluka wa CTCL. Asanandivomereze, mechlorethamine ankangobvomerezedwa kuti adziwe mankhwala opatsirana.
Mawu ochokera
Gulu lina la akatswiri a bungwe la ku Ulaya linakumana ndikusindikiza malingaliro awo pa chithandizo cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya CTCL, podziwa kuti mankhwala omwe amachiritsidwa ndi khungu ndiwo adakali oyenera kuyambitsa masewero a mycosis fungoides, ndipo ambiri omwe ali ndi mycosis fungoides angawoneke kutsogolo kwa nthawi yachibadwa ya moyo.
Mwamwayi, zizindikirozi sizinali zabwino kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda akuluakulu, adanena kuti, ngakhale kuti odwala ali ndi kachilombo ka odwala kwambiri, akhoza kupulumuka nthawi yaitali ndi allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT).
Komabe, pali zambiri zomwe zapita patsogolo zaka khumi zapitazi pozindikira mmene mycosis fungicides ndi Sezary matenda zimayambira, kotero pali chiyembekezo kuti izi zidzawathandiza kupita patsogolo pa chithandizo.
> Zotsatira:
> Trautinger F, Eder J, Assaf C, ndi al. European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Consensus recommendations for treatment of mycosis fungoides / Sezary syndrome - Update 2017. Eur J Cancer. 2017; 77: 57-74.