Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma (ALCL) ndi mtundu wamba wosakhala wa Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) umene umachokera ku T-maselo. T-maselo ndi mtundu wa maselo a chitetezo cha thupi omwe amateteza thupi ku matenda. Pali mitundu iŵiri ya opaleshoni yaikulu ya cell lymphoma, yoyamba njira yogwiritsiridwa ntchito, ndi mtundu wapatali wopangidwira.
- Mtundu wamakono umakhudza ma lymph nodes ndi ziwalo zina.
- Mtunduwu umakhudza makamaka khungu
Mtundu Woyamba Wosintha
Mtundu wa ALCL umakhudza ana ndi akulu. Kwa akuluakulu, ali ndi lymphoma yosawerengeka, koma ana, ALCL amawerengera 1 pa 10 milandu yonse ya ma lymphomas. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi lymphomayi amayamba kudandaula za mitsempha yowonjezereka , ngakhale kuti sichimakhudza matumbo kapena mafupa osaphatikizapo maselo a mitsempha.
Kusanthula kumapangidwa ndi chiwopsezo chochokera kumatenda am'mimba kapena ziwalo zokhudzidwa. Chidutswachi chikuwonetseratu chipangizo chapadera cha lymphoma pansi pa microscope. Wodwala kawirikawiri amayesa minofu yambiri yomwe ili ndi mapulogalamu apadera a lymphoma omwe amatha kudziwitsa molecule yodziwika kuti CD30 pamwamba pa maselo a khansa ku ALCL. Kukhalapo kwa molecule iyi ya CD30 kumasiyanitsa ndi mitundu ina ya NHL .
Chiyeso china cha puloteni yapadera, chotchedwa ALK protein, chikuchitanso. Sikuti anthu onse ali ndi ALCL ndi abwino kwa ALK.
Amene ali ndi mapuloteni a ALK amatha bwino kuposa mankhwala omwe sali. Ana ambiri amakhala ndi mapuloteni a ALK kusiyana ndi akuluakulu.
Pamene matenda a ALCL atsimikiziridwa, pali mayesero ochuluka omwe amapezeka kuti apeze malo a lymphoma .
ALCL yodalirika imachiritsidwa ndi chemotherapy. Zotsatira za mankhwala ndizo zabwino, makamaka kwa omwe ali ALK-positive.
Rituximab , anti-monoclonal antibody, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zambiri za NHL siigwiritsidwe ntchito mu ALCL chifukwa imagwira ntchito pa T-cell lymphomas. M'malo mwake, Brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris) imalowera molecule ya CD30 ndipo yavomerezedwa ndi FDA mu 2011 kuti athe kulandira ALCL kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda otsala pambuyo pochiza kapena omwe matendawa abwera pambuyo pochiritsira bwino.
Mtundu Wapatali Wodulidwa
Mtundu wa ALCL umene umakhudza kwambiri khungu. Ndilo lachiwiri la mtundu wa non-Hodgkin lymphoma umene umakhudza khungu - pambuyo pa t-cell lymphoma (CTCL) ya cutaneous . ALCL wa khungu akadakali wovuta, makamaka okalamba.
Anthu okhudzidwa amayamba kuona zofooka kapena zilonda pa khungu. Nthawi zambiri kupita kukaonana ndi dokotala kumabweretsa chiphuphu cha khungu, chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani. Maphunziro a kachipangizo kamodzi kamolekyu CD30 amafunika kuti adziwe matendawa monga ALCL.
Pafupifupi anthu 1 pa anthu anayi ali ndi khungu la ALCL lakhudzana ndi mitsempha ya khungu kapena zilonda. Mayesero angapangidwe pofuna kutulutsa lymphoma mu chifuwa ndi mimba. Mayeso a mfupa angapangidwe monga gawo la kufufuza nthawi zonse.
ALCL wa khungu amakhala ndi zizindikiro zabwino kwambiri. Ndi matenda opitirira pang'onopang'ono omwe sawopsyeza moyo.
Kwa odwala ena, iwo akhoza ngakhale kutha popanda mankhwala. Kwa omwe ali ndi zilonda za khungu kumadera ochepa, mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala omwe amasankha. Anthu omwe ali ndi khungu lalikulu akhoza kupatsidwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amatchedwa methotrexate, monga mawonekedwe a pamlomo kapena jekeseni.
Zotsatira:
Kuvomereza kwa FDA kwa Brentuximab Vedotin, National Cancer Institute, pa July 1, 2013.
Childhood Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Kuchiza-kwa akatswiri azaumoyo (PDQ®), National Cancer Institute, yosinthidwa 1/26/2016.
Kuchuluka kwa Anthu Omwe Osakhala Hodgkin Lymphoma Kuchiza-kwa akatswiri azaumoyo (PDQ®). National Cancer Institute. zasinthidwa 1/15/2016.