Dzidabwa kuti: Kodi kansa yadziwika liti? Khansara yayenda nthawi yayitali bwanji? Khulupirirani kapena ayi, khansara yazunza anthu kwazaka zambiri. Si matenda atsopano. Pezani zambiri za mbiri ya khansa.
Chiyambi cha Mawu "Khansa"
Liwu lakuti "khansa" linachokera kwa bambo wa mankhwala: Hippocrates, dokotala wachi Greek. Hippocrates amagwiritsa ntchito mawu achigriki akuti carcinos ndi carcinoma kufotokoza zotupa, motero amatcha khansa "karkinos." Mawu achigriki kwenikweni anali mawu omwe anagwiritsidwa ntchito pofotokoza nkhanu, yomwe Hippocrates inaganiza kuti chotupa chinafanana.
Ngakhale kuti Hippocrates angatchule kuti matendawa ndi "khansa," ndiye kuti sanali woyamba kupeza matendawa. Mbiri ya khansa imayambira kale kwambiri.
Mlandu Woyamba Wolembedwa wa Khansa
Nkhani yakale kwambiri ya padziko lonse ya khansara imachokera ku Igupto wakale mu 1500 BC. Zonsezi zinalembedwa pa gumbwa, polemba zochitika zisanu ndi zitatu za matenda omwe amachitika pa bere. Ankachiritsidwa ndi cauterization, yomwe inathetsa minofu ndi chida chowotcha chotchedwa "kubowola moto." Zinalembedwanso kuti panalibe chithandizo cha matenda, chithandizo chokhalitsa chokha.
Pali umboni wakuti Aigupto akale adatha kusiyanitsa pakati pa zotupa zoipa komanso zosautsa. Malingana ndi zolembera, ziphuphu zapamwamba zinachotsedwa mwa njira yofananamo monga zikuchotsedwa lero.
Zimene Ophunzira Oyambirira Ankachita Khansa
Kale la Greece, zocheperapo zinali kudziwika bwino za thupi laumunthu kuposa momwe zimadziŵira lero, ndithudi.
Mwachitsanzo, Hippocrates ankakhulupirira kuti thupi limapangidwa ndi madzimadzi anai: magazi, mapulogimu , chikasu ndi bile yakuda. Anakhulupirira kuti kuchuluka kwa bile yakuda pamalo ena alionse m'thupi kumayambitsa khansara. Ichi chinali chiganizo chachikulu cha chifukwa cha khansara kwa zaka 1,400 zotsatira. Mu Igupto wakale, iwo ankakhulupirira kuti kansa imayambitsidwa ndi Amulungu.
Kuberekera kwa Autopsy Pathological
Kutsutsana kwa William Harvey mu 1628 kunapatsa njira yophunzirira zambiri zokhudza thupi la munthu ndi thupi lake. Kupezeka kwa magazi kunapezedwa, kutsegula zitseko pofuna kufufuza zambiri pa matenda. Kuyambira mu 1761 ma autopsies adachitidwa kuti afufuze chifukwa cha imfa mwa odwala. Giovanni Morgagni wa ku Padua ndiye woyamba kuchita zoterezi.
Zolingalira Zambiri Zomwe Zimayambitsa Khansa
Lymph theory inayamba m'zaka za zana la 17, m'malo mwa Hippocrates 'black black theory chifukwa cha khansara. Kupezeka kwa ma lymphatic kunapereka kuzindikira kwatsopano kwa zomwe zingachititse khansa. Ankaganiza kuti zovuta m'thupi lamakono ndizochititsa.Rudolph Virchow sanazindikire mpaka m'ma 1900 kuti maselo, ngakhale maselo a khansa, amachokera ku maselo ena. Zina mwazinthu zina, monga khansara chifukwa choyambitsa matenda, ziphuphu, ndipo zimaganiziridwa kuti khansa ingafalikire "ngati madzi. " Pambuyo pake anapeza kuti khansara imafalikira kudzera m'maselo oopsa a dokotala wa opaleshoni wa ku Germany, Karl Thiersch. Mu 1926 mphoto ya Nobel inaperekedwa molakwika chifukwa chopeza chifukwa cha khansa ya m'mimba nyongolotsi.Zaka za m'ma 1900 zinkachitika patsogolo kwambiri pa kufufuza kwa khansa. Kafufuzidwe kafukufuku wodziwika za khansa, chemotherapy , mankhwala a radiation ndi njira zabwino zopezera matenda.
Lero, tikhoza kuchiza mitundu ina ya khansa, ndipo kafukufuku akupitirira. Mayesero a zachipatala ndi kafukufuku wamakono ali ofunika kupeza chithandizo, kapena njira yotsimikizirika yopewera.
Zambiri Za Khansa:
- Kodi Khansa ndi Chiyani?
- Mitundu ya Khansa Index AZ
- Bwererani ku "Mbiri ya Khansa" Index
Zotsatira:
American Cancer Society - Mbiri ya Khansa.
Chipatala Chachikhalidwe Chokha -Chemotherapy Timeline.
National Cancer Institute - Kutsekedwa mu Khansa: Kuthetsa Zaka Zaka 5000 Zakale).