Funso: Kodi Mumatanthauzira Bwanji Kulephera Kuletsa Kugonana?
"Ndimasokonezeka kwambiri ndi momwe ndingatanthauzire kutsika kwa chiwerengero cha kulephera." Zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kuti ndizindikire momwe njira yothetsera kubereka imathandizira. Mwachitsanzo, ndawerenga kuti kuchepa kwa makondomu ndi 2-15% pamene anthu 100 amagonana nthawi zonse kwa chaka. Kodi izi zikutanthauza kuti ngati abambo amagonana kasanu pachaka, pogwiritsa ntchito makondomu nthawi zonse, kuti pali mwayi wa 2-15% kuti mimba ichitike?
Komanso, nchifukwa ninji pali kusiyana kochepa kwa machitidwe oletsa kubereka komanso osati ena? "
Yankho:
Pofuna kusankha njira yabwino yowonetsera kubereka ndi kukulitsa mphamvu yake, nkofunika kuti mumvetsetse momwe mungatanthauzire kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kubereka. Ndikufuna ndikuwonetseni kuti kulephera kutengeredwa kuti zikhale zowona zowonjezera zowonongeka - komabe siziri zenizeni. Zowonjezera zambiri zimayesedwa mu maphunziro a kafukufuku wa chipatala ndi anthu ambiri omwe ali nawo. Zopeka, ndizotheka kuti madabwa osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsira ntchito njira yofanana yoletsa kubadwa angapangitse zolekanitsa zosiyana. Ofufuza amayesa kuchepetsa izi pogwiritsa ntchito chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu osiyana. Kulephera, mu kafukufuku, kungakhudzenso ndi chiwerengero cha anthu, maphunziro, chikhalidwe ndi njira zophunzitsira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pophunzitsa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito njira ya kulera.
Izi zikunenedwa, ili ndi funso labwino ndipo ndilo lingaliro lomwe nthawi zambiri silingamvetsetse. Ndiye, kodi zikutanthauzanji mukamawerenga makondomu ali ndi chiwerengero cha kuchepa kwa 2-15%? Chabwino, njira ina yozindikiritsira izi ndikuti makondomu ndi 85-98% ogwira ntchito. Kuchita bwino ndizosiyana ndi kulephera kwa chiwerengero ... mukuchotsa chiwerengero cholephera kuchoka pa 100, ndipo nambalayi ndikulandira mphamvu yobadwa.
Kulephera kwa chiwerengerochi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa njira iliyonse yoletsa kubereka kuchokera ku chiwerengero cha mimba zomwe zimapewa pogwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, kapena kusiyana pakati pa chiwerengero cha mimba yomwe ikuyembekezeka kuchitika ngati palibe njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chiwerengero chomwe chiyenera kuchitika ndi njira imeneyo . Njira yoyenera kutanthauzira mphamvu zowonongeka / kulephera ndi izi:
Kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu monga chitsanzo - Makondomu ali 85-98% ogwira ntchito (kutanthauza kuti ali ndi chiwerengero cholephera cha 2-15%).
Izi zikutanthauza kuti: mwa amayi 100 omwe abwenzi awo amagwiritsira ntchito kondomu, 2 mpaka 15 adzakhala ndi pakati pa chaka choyamba cha ntchito. Choncho, chiwerengero cha kuchepa sikutanthauza kuti nthawi zambiri mumagonana, zimagwirizanitsa chiwerengero cha anthu (100) omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi kwa chaka chimodzi.
Chifukwa chomwe mungayang'anire mndandanda wazomwe amagwiritsa ntchito ndi "ntchito yeniyeni" vs. "ntchito yangwiro" :
- Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito kotereku kumawonetsa momwe anthu ambiri amagwiritsira ntchito njira zobereka. Mitengoyi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa anthu omwe adatenga mimba nthawi zonse osagwiritsa ntchito njira zawo moyenera komanso / kapena nthawi zonse. Zoonadi, anthu ambiri amavutika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowonetsera nthawi zonse komanso moyenera .
- Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwathunthu mitengo ikuwonetsa mimba yomwe inachitikira ndi anthu ngakhale kuti nthawi zonse amagwiritsa ntchito njira zawo zogonana moyenera komanso moyenera.
Machitidwe osagwiritsidwa ntchito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito amatha kukhala apamwamba kusiyana ndi ntchito yabwino chifukwa, mwachidule, kulera sikugwiritsidwe ntchito mwangwiro. Kotero, pamene malire olephera akuwonekera pamtunda, chiwerengero chochepa chimaimira ntchito yabwino ndipo chiwerengero chapamwamba ndicho kugwiritsa ntchito. Njira zothandizira kubadwa zomwe zimafuna zambiri kuti munthu achite (mwachitsanzo, kumbukirani kugwiritsa ntchito, kuikidwa kapena kuikidwa mwanjira inayake, kugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi inayake, ndi zina zotero), amakhala ndi chiwerengero chokwanira chifukwa pali malo ambiri zolakwika . Nthawi zina, simudzawona kusiyana kwa mitengo; izi zikutanthauza kuti ntchito yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi yofanana ndi ntchito yabwino.
Izi zimakhala zowona chifukwa cha kulera komwe kwaikidwa kapena kochitidwa ndi dokotala. Izi zikachitika, palibe chilichonse choti munthu achite, kotero izi zimathetsa zolakwika zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito. Zitsanzo za njira za kulera zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana komanso zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito malonda ndi:
Chinthu chomaliza chimene chiyenera kukumbukira pankhani ya kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kuchepetsa kubereka ndi chakuti nthawi zambiri amatchula nambala kapena amayi (pa 100) omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira yoletsa kubereka yomwe idzakhala ndi pakati pa chaka choyamba cha ntchito . Mwachizoloŵezi, zikuwoneka kuti kuchepa kwa mitengo kumakhala kosavuta m'chaka choyamba kuti nthawi zonse mumagwiritsira ntchito njira imodzi ya kulera. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe kuchepa kwa ndalama kumatha kuchepa pambuyo pogwiritsa ntchito njira kwa chaka chimodzi. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Zomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito njira yoletsa kubereka, zimakhala bwino. Pamene mutagwiritsa ntchito njira, mwachidziwitso, mumakhala odziwa bwino kwambiri komanso ogwira ntchito bwino. Izi ziyenera kuthandizira kuchepetsa zolakwika zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito.
- Ogwiritsa ntchito ochepa omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito angathe kutenga pakati ndikusiya kugwiritsa ntchito njira zowathandiza kulera (kusiya omwe akugwiritsabe ntchito njira yapadera pakatha chaka kuti akhale ogwiritsa ntchito kwambiri komanso odzipereka).
- Mimba ya chiberekero ya amayi imachepa ndi msinkhu, choncho chaka chilichonse chomwe chimapita, sichikhoza kutenga pakati.
Maganizo Otsiriza:
Malephera kulembera chiwerengero cha anthu omwe amagwiritsa ntchito njira yoletsa kubereka kwa chaka chimodzi. Chiwerengero cha nthawi yomwe mukugonana chaka chomwecho sichimafika pa mitengoyi. Komabe, maulendo omwe mumagonana nawo amatha kukhala njira imodzi yosankhira njira yoberekera. Kwenikweni, ngati mukudziwa kuti mudzakhala ndi kugonana kwambiri, kungakhale kusankha mwanzeru kugwiritsa ntchito njira yowonjezera kuti musakhale ndi pakati. Muyenera kulingalira momwe kuwonongeka kwa mimba yosakonzedwera kungakhale. Izi ndi zina mwa zofunikira kuziganizira poyerekeza ndi kulephera kwa njira zosiyanasiyana za kulera. Muyeneranso kukumbukira kuti mosasamala kanthu za momwe ntchitoyo ikuyendera / kulephera, zifukwa zina (kuphatikizapo zolakwika za ogwiritsira ntchito kapena ntchito zosagwirizana) zingachepetse njira zowonetsera zobereka. Izi zimatha kuchokera ku zofuna zanu mpaka kulemera kwa mankhwala ena omwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
Poyerekeza njira zothandizira ana, onetsetsani kuti muyang'ane ngati nambala yomwe yaikidwapo ikuwonetsera kulephera kwa chiwerengero kapena ndalama zogwira ntchito komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino. Muyeneranso kusankha momwe mungadalire kulera kwanu. Kumvetsetsa momwe mungatanthauzire kutaya ndalama, kudziwa zinthu zomwe zingakhudze mphamvu ya kulera, kuyesa momwe mumakhalira ndi khalidwe lanu la kugonana, ndikudziwitsani momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito bwino zomwe mukugwirizana nazo.
Chitsime:
Trussell J, Hatcher RA, Cates W, Stewart FH, Kost K. Buku lothandizira kutanthauzira maphunziro othandizira kulera. Choletsa Gynecol . 1990; 76: 558-67. Idapezeka kudzera mwachinsinsi.