Anali pa tchuthi kutali ndi kwawo. Panali chizindikiro cha mkati chubu rafting. Zinkawoneka ngati zosangalatsa. Madzi sanali ovuta.
Iye anali atalembera mpikisanowu. Panali mbali yomwe adayenera kudzikweza m'chiuno. Zinkawoneka zovuta koma sizinali zoopsa
Zovuta, koma osati zoopsa zambiri. Chinthu chiri, izi ndizimene zimayambitsa ngozi ya Leptospirosis.
Leptospirosis ikhoza kukhala matenda aakulu, koma mwatsoka, kwa ambiri, siziri. Nthawi zambiri zimabweretsa mavuto; 90% amachititsa zizindikiro zazing'ono kapena zochepa. Koma nthawi zina matendawa amatchedwa Lepto, akhoza kukhala oopsa komanso oopsa.
Ndi matenda omwe amapezeka padziko lonse lapansi omwe nthawi zambiri samadziwika. Zoopsa zake sizikudziwika. Matendawa - amafalikira - amafalitsidwa anthu akamagwirizana ndi madzi kapena matope omwe ali ndi mbola (kapena nyama ina) yomwe imanyamula mabakiteriya.
Leptospirosis ndi matenda omwe amalephera kuteteza. Kuzindikira zoopsa ndi matenda ndikofunika.
Pamene Leptospirosis Kawirikawiri Amadziwika
Lepto amajambula mitu ya nkhani-nthawi zambiri-imasintha zomwe zimawoneka ngati zazing'ono kapena mtundu wa madzi kapena matope kupita kuchipatala kapena chinachake chovuta kwa wothamanga wathanzi. Matendawa akhoza kuchitika paliponse padziko lonse lapansi.
Malamulo a Leptospirosis adadziwika ku Idaho ndi ku Los Angeles ndipo kenako anafika ku Borneo ku Malaŵi ku "Eco-Challenge".
Mpikisano umenewu, womwe umaphatikizapo kusambira mumtsinje, unayambitsa matenda osiyanasiyana. Kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti 50% anali odwala kuchokera kwa ochita maseŵera omwe anali okonzedwa bwino omwe anafikiridwa pakati pa anthu oposa 300 ochokera m'mayiko 26. Momwemonso, wodwala ku New York anawona kuti matendawa adabwerera ku mpikisano ku Florida, komwe kunayambitsa matenda ena pafupifupi 1 mwa anayi.
Triathalons ku Wisconsin ndi Illinois nazonso zatsogolera ku matenda.
Mavuto angathenso kuchoka ku rowing, kayaking, mkati-tubing, kusambira m'madzi omwe amawoneka otetezeka. Mtsogoleri wina wa Olympic Gold Medal yemwe anafa ku London anapeza Lepto. Omasambira akulangizidwa kuti asapeze malo ena amchere ku Hawaii - boma lomwe liri ndi ngozi yaikulu ya Leptospirosis. Nthendayi imathandizidwanso kuchokera ku rafting pansi pa mtsinje mu tayala lamkati mkati mwa Vang Vieng, Laos. Anthu ogwira ntchito pofika kumadzi a white-rafting ku Sri Lanka anagonjetsa 17 pa 19. Makampani oyendetsa sitima mumtsinje wa Lif Lifyy ku Ireland (womwe umadutsa ku Dublin) adatengedwanso.
Kwachilendo, matendawa amatha chifukwa chosambira, kukwera moweta, kayendedwe ka kayaking, kayaking, kupukuta kapena kukwera mumadzi kapena kudutsa mumatope, ndi zinthu zina m'matope kapena madzi.
Kodi Leptospirosis Imapindula Motani?
Chowopsya ndi chokongola kwambiri - peyala ya mbola. Kukhudza madzi, dothi, kapena matope oipitsidwa ndi mkodzo wamakoswe omwe amabweretsa mabakiteriya angayambitse matendawa. Ikhozanso kufalikira ndi mkodzo kuchokera ku ziweto zina - agalu, nkhumba, ng'ombe, kapena anthu, nthawi zambiri. Nsapato zothandizira ndi zovala ndizofunikira kuti pakhale paliponse potsuka madzi, nthaka, kapena matope. Pali nkhawa kuti kumeza madzi owonongeka ndi owopsa.
Ndani Amakhudzidwa?
Anthu ambiri omwe amakhudzidwa ndi Leptospirosis sizithamanga pazochitika.
Ambiri omwe amakhudzidwa amakhala m'madera otentha. Iwo amawoneka kuti akugwira ntchito mwakhama kapena chifukwa cha moyo wawo. Zimaganiziridwa ndi 0.1 mpaka 1 pa 100,000 m'madera ozizira omwe ali ndi kachilomboka chaka ndi 10 kapena kuposa 100,000 m'madera otentha.
Chigumula chingachititse kuphulika, makamaka posintha kusintha kwa chilengedwe. Chigumula ku Orissa, Mkuntho ku Taiwan, ndi Mphepo yamkuntho ku Caribbean ndi Central America.
Ngakhale kuti lepto sichikugwirizana ndi madzi a mchere kapena amchere, zapezeka kuti pambuyo poti mvula yamkuntho ifike, nthaka yowonongeka yamadzi ingapangitse anthu pangozi ngati awona chivomezi (Yolanda) ku Philippines.
Anthu amene amakhala m'matawuni nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa - ngati palibe ndalama zokwanira zoyendetsera zowonongeka, madzi, ndi makoswe. Makamaka omwe ali pangozi ndi iwo omwe amakhala m'midzi yambirimbiri. Ntchito zapadera - madzi oyera, kusonkhanitsa zinyalala, kuchotsa vermin, kuyera - kutiteteza ku leptospirosis. Malo osakhala ndi madzi abwino komanso oyeretsa angathe kuthana ndi leptospirosis. Mipikisano yowonjezera matenda. Matenda atsopano (3) anadziwika pamene makoswe ndi mabakiteriya akufalikira chifukwa cha mvula yambiri ndi kusonkhanitsa zinyalala ku Marseilles, France.
Matendawa ndi osowa koma amapezeka m'midzi yambiri ya ma US. Kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti maselo omwe amasonyeza kuti kale ndi 16% m'madera ena a Baltimore, Maryland. Pakati pa anthu a ku New York ndi Baltimore omwe amawoneka kuti ali pafupi ndi makoswe, palinso anthu ogwira ntchito zachilengedwe ku Baltimore komanso ena omwe alibe pokhala ku New York. M'madera otentha, matendawa amapezeka mochedwa kumapeto kwa chilimwe
Kutenga sikuli kumidzi. Amene amagwira ntchito pa mpunga wa mpunga kapena poika nzimbe ali pangozi. Kukhala ndi ntchito zapamwamba kungakhale ndi chiopsezo chachikulu, kuphatikizapo alimi, ogwira ntchito yosamba, osowa pokhala, ogwira ntchito zanga, ogwira ntchito zanyama, ndi antchito opha.
Anthu omwe ali m'gulu la nkhondo akhoza kukhala pangozi. Pakhala pali milandu yambiri - mwina kuchokera ku zosangalatsa kapena ku masewero olimbitsa thupi.
Kodi Matendawa Ndi Otani?
Ambiri (90%) alibe zizindikiro kapena matenda ochepa chabe. Zitha kukhala matenda ochepa kwambiri. Zizindikiro za matendawa zimadaliranso pazigawo za matenda omwe munthuyo alimo ndipo ndi vuto lotani la leptospires (mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa kuti leptospirosis) agwire.
Matenda ena amawoneka ngati chimfine. Ambiri adzakhala ndi malungo, zipsera, kupweteka mutu, minofu ya minofu. Ena adzakhala ndi zipsera, kusanza, kutsegula m'mimba, ululu m'mimba, maso a chikasu ndi khungu (jaundice), maso ofiira, kutupa. Ululu ukhoza kukhala wolimba mu ng'ombe, ntchafu, ndi misana yobwerera.
Zambiri mwa zizindikirozi zingakhale zolakwika ndi matenda ena.
Nthaŵi pakati pa kuwonekera ndi matenda angakhale masiku awiri mpaka masabata anayi. Nthawi zambiri matenda amayamba mwadzidzidzi ndi malungo. Matendawa amakhala ndi magawo awiri.
Choyamba, Gawo limaphatikizapo kutentha thupi, kuzizira, kupweteka mutu, kupweteka kwa minofu, kusanza, ndi / kapena kutsekula m'mimba. Ikhoza kutsatiridwa ndi kuchiza ndipo kenaka munthu akudwala kachiwiri mu gawo lachiwiri
Gawo lachiwiri - ngati likuchitika - ndiloopsa kwambiri. Wodwala angakhale ndi impso, chiwindi, kapena kupuma, komanso meningitis. Gawoli likhoza kutchedwa matenda a Weil kapena mawonekedwe a icteric (monga odwala angakhale ndi maso a chikasu - mwachitsanzo, icteric).
Matendawa amatha masiku kapena masabata, makamaka ngati matendawa amapita ku gawo lachiwiri. Ena amadwala kwambiri, makamaka popanda chithandizo. Ena angatenge milungu kapena miyezi kuti apeze.
Kodi Kuopsa Kwake N'koopsa Motani?
Nthawi zambiri sizipezeka. Pa milandu yomwe imapezeka, mwina 1- 5% amafa. Amene amapita ku gawo lachiwiri, matenda a Weil, pafupifupi 5-10%, ali pangozi yaikulu. Amatha kuthana ndi chiwindi, impso, kapena kupuma, komanso kutaya magazi. Izi zingachititse imfa kapena kuwonongeka kosatha. Anthu omwe amayamba kukhala ndi ARDS yochepa kapena kupuma kwa mpweya amawonongeka kwambiri kuposa imfa - mpaka 50%.
Nthendayi imakhala yochepetsetsa kupezeka. Izi zimachedwa kuchepetsa. Anthu omwe alibe mwayi wopezera ukhondo wa madzi ndi kasamalidwe ka makoswe sangakhalenso ndi mwayi wathanzi. Anthu omwe amayenda amatha kubwerera kwawo kwa madokotala omwe sadziwa matendawa. Mofanana ndi zimenezi, leptospirosis nthawi zambiri imasokonezeka ndi matenda monga dengue, omwe sagwirizana nawo amakhala ndi zizindikiro zofanananso komanso zimachitika pakutha panthawi yomwe madzi akusefukira kapena pamene kayendetsedwe ka anthu ka madzi ndi kayendedwe kamakhala kochepa.
Kafukufuku wina anapeza kuti chiopsezo chachikulu cha imfa kuchokera ku "dengue" chinali choti asakhale ndi leptospirosis osatulutsidwa ndipo sichikanatha. Ku Puerto Rico, anthu 10 mwa anthu 12 alionse amene anaphedwa ndi dengue anayesedwa anali abwino kwa leptospirosis. Dengue sichizachiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki; lepto ndi.
Leptospirosis mimba ingayambitse matenda opatsirana pogonana kapena abambo.
Nchiyani chimayambitsa Lepto?
Matenda a leptospires ndi autali, aang'ono, a bakiteriya otchedwa motile omwe amatchedwa spirochetes. Pali mavuto osiyanasiyana - oposa 200 Pamenepo. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapezeka m'madera osiyanasiyana a dziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo ena, koma ena okha, omwe amasiyana ndi maonekedwe a matenda padziko lonse lapansi. Matenda ambiri ndiwo icterohaemorrhagiae, omwe angathe kugwirizana ndi makoswe ( Rattus norvegicus) ku US.
Kodi Zimapezeka Bwanji?
Mayeso osiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito pofuna kupeza matenda - kuphatikizapo PCR, antibodies, chikhalidwe , ndi microscopy. Chifukwa cha kufunika kochiza matendawa, kuchedwa kwa matendawa sikuyenera kuchepetsa chisamaliro ngati matenda a chipatala apangidwa. Leptospirosis si nthawizonse yosavuta kupeza. Nthawi zambiri amafunika labu yapadera. Kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, ma antibodies sangakhale abwino, kotero kuyesedwa kwina n'kofunika. Ndi matenda osadziwika padziko lonse ku US.
Kodi Chithandizochi N'chiyani?
Leptospirosis ayenera kuchiritsidwa ndi maantibayotiki (doxycycline, penicillin, kapena ceftriaxone).
Kodi Pali Katemera?
Kwa agalu, alipo. Ma serovara angapo (mafinya) amaphimbidwa. Kwa anthu, katemera wodalirika amafunika kubisa masero ambiri ndi kufufuza kwachitika kwa zaka zambiri.
Kodi Ziweto Zanu Zimadwala?
Inde, makamaka galu wanu. Galu wanu akhoza kudwala ndi leptospirosis monga galu wanu amatha kudumpha m'madzi amadzimadzi ndipo amayenderera kudutsa mumatope kuposa inu. Pali katemera wa galu wanu mawonekedwe a leptospirosis katemera, koma katemerayu sungaphimbe zovuta zonse. Ngati galu wanu ali ndi kachilombo, izi ndi chifukwa chabwino chosakhudza mkodzo wawo - kapena mankhwala ena onse - ndi manja anu ndi kusamba bwino ngati mungakhale nawo. Katemera wa agalu mwinamwake wadula matenda pakati pa ana ndi ena ku US.
Nkosavuta kuti katsamba udwala ndi leptospirosis, koma katemera wanu akhoza kutenga kachilomboka. Gulu lanu lingathe kukhala ndi kachilombo popanda kudziwa. Amphaka ali ndi kukhudzana kwambiri ndi makoswe kuposa nyama zambiri. Matendawa amatha kukhetsa mkodzo wawo pamene amaoneka bwino. Chifukwa china chabwino choti musagwirizane ndi nthiti ya paka.
Mmene Mungasamalire Za Leptospirosis mu Mitundu Yopondereza
Fufuzani komwe mukupita
Pewani matope kapena madzi omwe angadetsedwe ndi mkodzo wa nyama
Onetsetsani kuthira madzi mumabwato angayambitse matenda
Musagwirizane nawo mafuko ngati muli ndi mabala otseguka.
Pewani kumeza madzi mukakhala m'madzi, mitsinje, kapena mathithi
Valani zovala zothandizira komanso zoyenera
Lankhulani ndi dokotala wanu za malaria prophylaxis, zomwe zingathandize kupewa matenda ena