Zilonda za m'magazi ndi zam'mimba zimakhala mkati mwa mediastinum. Mediastinum ndilo liwu limene limatanthauza lingaliro la mtundu wa "bokosi" kapena chigawo mkati mwa chifuwa, koma limatanthauzanso zonse zomwe ziri mkati mwa bokosi. Njira yamagulu imatha kuganiziridwa ngati kasupe: kumadutsa mbali ziwiri ndi mapapo; kutsogolo, ndi bere; kumbuyo, ndi msana; pamwamba, pamtunda mpaka pamutu; ndi pansi, pamtumbo, kapena minofu yomwe imathandiza mapapu kukula komanso kugwirizana ndi kupuma.
Mkati mwa chifuwa, ngati mukuganiza mapapu anu ngati mabuloni akuluakulu akuphwanya malo onse, pali thumba kapena malo pakati pawo. Chisemberezo chimatanthawuza pa thumba kapena bokosi lomwe liri lodzaza ndi ziwalo kuphatikizapo mtima, mitsempha ya mitsempha, mitsempha, mitsempha ya mitsempha ndi zinthu zina zofunika.
Pamene Lymph Nodes Yanu ya M'mimba Yowonjezereka
Ngati minofu yanu ya mediastinal ikukulitsidwa, muyenera kudziŵa kuti pali zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zopezera izi . Izi ndizomwe zimakhala zowona ndi maselo onse owonjezera.
Zilonda za m'magazi, makamaka zikhoza kukulitsa okha, kapena matenda ena, kuphatikizapo matenda ena omwe amakhudza mapapo. Ngakhale kuti maseŵera am'kati amkati amatha kukhala chizindikiro cha khansara, kuwonjezeka kwa mliri m'derali kumawoneka ndi matenda ena osakanikirana. Ndipotu, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa asapitirire, (COPD), matenda opatsirana kwambiri, amatha kuwonjezera nthendayi chifukwa cha matendawa, makamaka ngati ali ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa.
Ngati dokotala akufunikira kutsimikiza za chifukwa cha nodes yowonjezera mu mediastinum, mukhoza kukhala ndi ndondomeko yotchedwa mediastinoscopy ndi biopsy. Kudula pang'ono kumapangidwa pamwamba pa sternum kapena breast. Chombo chotchedwa Mediastinoscope chimayikidwa kudzera mudulidwewu ndipo mosamala chimadutsa pakatikati pa chifuwa chomwe zimapezeka pamatenda am'mimba.
Izi zimachitika kuchipatala pansi pa anesthesia. Nthaŵi zambiri, zotsatira za chidziwitso zakonzeka masiku asanu ndi asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri.
Kodi Zingakhale Khansa?
Zilonda zam'mimba zimakhala zochepa zomwe zimapezeka m'thupi lonse. Zilonda zam'kati mwa mediastinum, kapena maselo amkati amkati, ndizofunikira kwambiri pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana-chimodzi mwazozikhala kuti zikhoza kusonyeza kukhalapo kwa khansa.
Sikuti maselo onse opupa m'bokosi ali ndi lymphoma, kapena khansa. Matenda ndi matenda osadziwika monga sarcoidosis angakhale olakwa. M'mayiko amene chifuwa chachikulu chikufala, matendawa angakhale chifukwa chachikulu cha kukula kwa maselo a m'mimba. Chinachake chotchedwa anthracosis chingapangitsenso kuti maseŵera ameneŵa apite patsogolo. Matenda otchedwa anthracosis, kapena mapupa a miner, ndiwo kusungunuka kwa mpweya m'mapapu chifukwa cha kuwonetseredwa kwa mpweya kapena kutentha kwa utsi kapena mafuta a phala.
Pamene mitsempha yamphongo mu chifuwa imakula chifukwa cha khansara, khansayi ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi ziwiri zomwe zingatheke. Khansara kuchokera kumalo ena akhoza kuchepetsa kapena kufalikira ku maseŵera ameneŵa.
Zowonjezera Zachigawo Zakale Zam'mimba kuchokera ku Lymphoma
Lymphoma, khansara ya maselo oyera a m'magazi oyera, ali ndi magawo awiri ofunika kwambiri - Hodgkin lymphoma ndi non-Hodgkin lymphoma .
Hodgkin lymphoma , kapena HL, kawirikawiri imayamba ndi maselo am'thupi. Chifuwachi chimaphatikizapo 85 peresenti ya zochitika zonse za HL, pomwe osati mu Hodgkin lymphoma, kapena NHL, chiwerengerochi chiri pafupi ndi 45 peresenti.
Ngakhale kuti HL imayendetsa bwino kwambiri kuchokera ku gulu lina la mafilimu mpaka lotsatira, zomwezo sizingakhale zoona kwa ambiri a NHLs, ngakhale kuti ena angathe kukhala ndi khalidwe lofanana ndi la Hodgkin.
Ngakhale chifaniziro cha chifuwa chingawonetse mitsempha yowoneka yosakayika, vuto loyamba la matenda a lymphoma, mosasamala mtundu uliwonse, limapangidwa ndi biopsy.
> Zotsatira:
> Agostinelli C, Pileri S. Pathobiology ya Hodgkin Lymphoma. Mediterr J Hematol Wopanda Dis . 2014; 6 (1): e2014040.
> Kirchner J, Kirchner EM, Goltz JP, ndi al. Mapulogalamu amphamvu kwambiri omwe amapezeka m'kati mwa matenda opatsirana. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2010 Aug, 54 (4): 333-8.
> Mehrian P, Ebrahimzadeh SA. Kusiyanitsa pakati pa sarcoidosis ndi Hodgkin's lymphoma pogwiritsa ntchito njira yamagulu yokhala ndi matenda a m'mimba. Pol J Radiol . 2013; 78 (3): 15-20.