Fluorescence In Situation Hybridization
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (Nsomba) ndi imodzi mwa njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kufufuza DNA ya maselo, kufunafuna kupezeka kapena kupezeka kwa majini kapena magawo ena a majini.
Mitundu yambiri ya khansara imagwirizanitsidwa ndi zosavomerezeka zachibadwa. Ndipo mwa majini, ife sitinangoyankhula za chibadwidwe. Kwa nthawi yonse, maselo amatha kulakwitsa pamene agawanika ndikukula.
Kusintha kwa DNA komwe kumayanjana ndi khansa kungadziunjike m'maselo awa.
Kodi Nsomba Zimagwira Ntchito Bwanji?
NTHAWI ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mapuloteni ofufuza kuti azindikire majini kapena magawo enieni a majini. Anthu ogwira ntchito labu lachipatala komanso oncologists amagwiritsa ntchito Nsomba kuti athandize odwala omwe ali ndi khansa, ndipo nthawi zina amawunika wodwala amene watulukira kale kuti ali ndi khansa komanso mankhwala.
Nsomba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyana siyana malinga ndi malo komanso mtundu wa khansa yomwe imaganiziridwa: Matenda a m'mimba omwe amapezeka m'magazi a pulogalamu ya magazi, kuchokera ku fupa la mafupa kapena kuchokera ku lymph node biopsy, Chitsanzo cha minofu yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito mu labu ndikuphatikizidwa mu mtundu wa sera, kuti ikhale yolimba kwambiri, kuti ikhale yodulidwa mu magawo oonda ndikuwonetsedwa pansi pa microscope).
Kodi Makalata Amatanthauza Chiyani?
"H" mu NTHAWI imatanthawuza kusakanizidwa.
Mu kusakanikirana kwa maselo, dNA yotchedwa DNA kapena RNA ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati pulojekiti - muwone ngati njerwa yofiira ya Lego, ngati mukufuna. Pulojekiti imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza wina wogwiritsira ntchito njerwa, kapena DNA, motsatira chitsanzo.
DNA mumaganizo anu ali ngati milu ya njerwa za Lego, ndipo njerwa zambiri mu milu imeneyi sizidzafanana ndi kafukufuku wathu wofiira.
Ndipo njerwa zanu zonse zimapangidwira bwino mu mawiri awiri a matabwa a njerwa - mulu uliwonse ndi umodzi wa ma chromosome anu ovomerezeka, ocheperapo. Mosiyana ndi njerwa za Lego, sitima yathu yofiira ya Lego ndi yofanana ndi maginito amphamvu ndipo imapeza mpikisano popanda kuyendetsa muluwo.
"F" amatanthauza fluorescence. Kafukufuku wathu wofiira ukhoza kutayika mu milu ya njerwa, kotero imatchedwa utoto wofiira kuti uziwala. Mukapeza machesi pakati pa milandu 23 yokhala paipi, chizindikiro cha fulorosenti chimasonyeza malo ake. Kotero, tsopano mukutha kuona momwe akatswiri ndi odwala angagwiritsire ntchito nsomba kuti athandizire kuti (ndi mulu wanji, kapena chromosome) jini yeniyeni yomwe ilipo kwa munthu wopatsidwa.
"I" ndi "S" amaimira in situ . Izi zikutanthauza kuti njerwa yathu yofiira ya Lego ndi yofuna machesi ake mu chitsanzo chomwe munapereka .
Nanga Bwanji Za Khansa Zapadera za Magazi?
NTHAWI ndi njira zina za hybridization zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azindikire zosiyana siyana zachromosomal-kusintha kwa majini, kusintha kwa ma chromosomes, kuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
Kuthetsa - gawo la chromosome lapita
Translocation - mbali imodzi ya chromosome imachoka ndikugwiritsanso wina chromosome
Inversion - mbali ya chromosome imatha ndipo imatsitsimutsanso mmbuyo, koma mwadongosolo
Kubwereza - mbali ya chromosome ilipo mu makope ambiri mkati mwa selo
Mtundu uliwonse wa khansara ukhoza kukhala ndi kusintha kwake kwa chromosomal ndi ma probes oyenera. NTHAWI sizikuthandizani kudziwa kuti chibadwa choyamba chimawoneka ngati matenda a khansara, komabe chingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyang'anira njira yothetsera matenda ndi kukhululukidwa kwa matenda.
Zosintha za majeremusi zomwe FISH nthawi zina zimapereka zina zowonjezera zokhudzana ndi momwe khansa ya munthu ingakhalire, malinga ndi zomwe zawonedwa m'mbuyomo mwa anthu omwe ali ndi khansa yofanana ndi kusintha kofanana. Nthawi zina nsomba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo poti matendawa atha kale, kusonkhanitsa mfundo zina zomwe zingathandize kulongosola zotsatira za wodwalayo kapena mankhwala abwino.
NTHAWI zimatha kudziwa kuti matendawa ndi amtundu wotchedwa leukemia , kuphatikizapo matenda aakulu a khansa ya m'magazi (CLL). Kwa chronic lymphocytic khansa ya m'magazi / yaing'ono lymphocytic lymphoma, Nsomba zimalola odwala kupeza chigawo chawo cholosera: zabwino, pakati, kapena osauka. M'thupi loopsa la khansa ya m'magazi (ALL), maselo a maselo a m'magazi angakuuzeni za chiwopsezo cha khansa komanso kuthandizira kutsogolera zosankha zothandizira.
NTHAWI za nsomba zimapezekanso ndi lymphoma, multipleeloma, matenda a maselo a plasma komanso matenda a myelodystlastic. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chovala cha maselo amatha kukhala ndi transmation yomwe FISH ikhoza kuiona yotchedwa GH / CCND1 t (11; 14) yomwe nthawi zambiri imagwirizanitsidwa ndi lymphoma.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Nsomba?
Ubwino wa Nsomba ndikuti suyenera kuchitidwa pa maselo omwe akugawikana kwambiri. Kuyeza kwachikulire kumatengera pafupi masabata atatu, chifukwa maselo a khansa ayenera kukula mu mbale za labata kwa milungu iwiri asanakayesedwe. Mosiyana, zotsatira za nsomba zimapezeka kuchokera ku labu mkati mwa masiku angapo.
> Zotsatira:
> Kuyezetsa Kanseri Kwambiri Padziko Lonse.
> Fluorescence In Situation Hybridization (Nsomba). http://www.genome.gov/10000206#al-2.
> Fluorescence In Situation Hybridization (Nsomba). http://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization-fish-327.
> Wolff DJ, Bagg A, Cooley LD, et al. Malangizo a Fluorescence mu Kutayika Kwasokonezeka kwa Pakati pa Matenda a Hematologic Disorders. The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics: JMD. 2007; 9 (2): 134-143.