Thandizo Loyenera Lachirombo ndi Lymphoma
Mmene thupi lanu limatetezera thupi limapanga ma antibodies pogwiritsa ntchito 'tags' pa othawa. Mankhwalawa omwe ma antibodies amapeza amatchedwa antigen. Chitetezo cha mthupi chimatha kuzindikira maantigeni pa mabakiteriya ndi ma antigen omwe akuyambitsa pa maselo anu - pamene ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV kapena khansa, mwachitsanzo. Pamene anti-antibody imamangiriza kwa antigen, ikhoza kutengeranso chitetezo cha mthupi kuti chiwonongeko.
Mankhwala a monoclonal, kapena maAbs, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mitundu ina ya khansa. Pali chidwi chochuluka cha maAbs ndipo angathe kukhala ndi chithunzi cha khansa . Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chemotherapy, maAbs ena amakhalitsa nthawi yaitali.
Kodi Monoclonal Imatanthauza Chiyani?
Makhalidwe a monoclonal amatanthauza 'chingwe chimodzi,' chimene chimafuna kufotokoza. Kawirikawiri, pamene chitetezo chanu cha mthupi chimawona chowombera, chidzakhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya ma antibodies - mitundu yonse yosiyana, kulumikiza zosiyana siyana ndi zinyama zosiyanasiyana pazowonongeka. Mankhwalawa ndi mapuloteni a polyclonal, kutanthauza kuti "maoneshoni" osiyanasiyana kapena mabanja omwe ali ndi maselo a m'thupi amatenga khama kuti apangitse ma antibodies kuti awone.
Asayansi akhala akulimbana kwambiri ndi khansara, ndipo kulumikiza gulu la zosiyana , zolemba zapamwamba ndi malemba pa kansera ya khansa zingamveke zabwino, koma sizothandiza kwenikweni.
Mwachitsanzo, nanga bwanji ngati chimodzi mwa zolinga za maselo a khansa chimaonekera kukhala wochuluka pa maselo onse abwino, odwala?
Matenda a monoclonal, ndiye, ndi ma antibodies opangidwa mu labata ndi asayansi - ma antibodies omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti amenyane ndi antigen , yomwe imadziwika bwino kwambiri - nthawi zambiri mapuloteni pamwamba pa maselo a khansa.
Zitsanzo za mankhwala a mAb odwala khansa a magazi zimaphatikizapo Rituxan (rituximab), ndi Gazyva (obinutuzumab) , zomwe zimagwirizana ndi CD20 antigen. CD20 ndi imodzi mwa zolinga zosiyanasiyana pamtunda wa B-maselo, kapena B-lymphocytes, yomwe imapangitsa maimymphoma ambiri.
Kodi Matenda a Momwemonso Amagwira Ntchito Motani?
Mabu akhoza kugwira ntchito monga ma beacons, kapena chizindikiro, kuti awonetse chitetezo cha mthupi:
- Amayi osakanikirana kapena osagwirizanitsidwa akugwirizanitsa ndi antigens pa selo ya khansa, ngati chizindikiro kuti chitetezo cha thupi chiteteze thupi ndi kufunafuna.
- Rituximab ndi obinutuzumab ndi zitsanzo za mtundu wa mAb. Amagwiritsa ntchito chitetezo chanu cha mthupi kuti aphe maselo a kansa. Amachepetsanso chiwerengero cha ma B-maselo abwino, omwe ali ndi timapepala ta CD20, koma ma B-wathanzi amatha kubwezeretsedwa.
Mabu angapangidwenso kuti apereke ndalama zowonjezera pamene akupeza cholinga chawo:
- Amagulu amtunduwu amamangirira ku ziphuphu monga mababu, koma amapereka mankhwala, poizoni kapena ma radiation molunjika ku khungu la khansa.
- Chitsanzo cha mAB conjugated ndi Zevalin (ibritumomab tiuxetan). Zevalin ndi mthupi la CD20 yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi ma CD-ray chifukwa cha kachilombo koyambanso kapena kamene kalikonse kamene kamakhala kosawerengeka ka B-cell yomwe si ya Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) . Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwa mtundu wa NHL wosaphunzitsidwa kale ndi yankho lochepa kapena lathunthu ku chemotherapy.
Kodi Mankhwala Osakaniza Momwemonso Amaperekedwa Motani?
Mankhwala a monoclonal amaperekedwa mwachangu, kudzera mu mitsempha, kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Mankhwala ena akhoza kuperekedwa kale kuti achepetse mwayi wotsatilapo ndi zotsatira zake.
Chofunika kwambiri, ngati chikugwiritsidwa ntchito monga chithandizo cha khansa ya m'magazi kapena la lymphoma, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito palimodzi ndi mankhwala a chibadwa. Chiwerengero cha nthawi, kapena zochitika, zomwe mAb amapatsidwa pakapita kuchipatala zimatengera zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zina zomwe zingakhale zenizeni kwa inu ndi matenda anu.
Zotsatira Zotsatira za Matenda a Monoclonal
Ngakhale zotsatira za mankhwala a mAb sizifanana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy, zimachitika.
Zotsatira zina zingakhale zofanana ndi zomwe zimawonekera. Zotsatira zoipa zingadalire mAb ena omwe amapatsidwa, wodwalayo komanso matenda ake omwe alipo kale, mtundu wa zoipa ndi zina zambiri. Zina zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mAb ziphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
- Mafupa, zilonda, zizindikiro za chimfine
- Kupweteka kwa minofu kapena ululu
- Mutu
- Nsomba, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba
- Zomwe zimawoneka ngati zotupa kapena ming'oma
- Selo lochepa la magazi limawerengera , makamaka maAbs omwe amathandizidwa ndi ma radiation
- Matenda a mtima, kuthamanga kwa magazi
Kusinthidwa TI.
Zotsatira:
> Abernathy, E. (1997). Biotherapy. Mu Varricchio, C. (Mkonzi.) Buku la Khansara la Aamwino -7th. (pp.379-390). Atlanta, Georgia: American Cancer Society Inc.
> Battiato, L. ndi Wheeler, V. (2000). Biotherapy. Ku Yarbro, C., Frogge, M., Goodman, M., et al (Eds) Mfundo za Chidziwitso za Chithandizo cha Khansa-Zaka 5. (pp. 1244-1269). London, England: Jones ndi Bartlett Publishers International
> Iarocci, Thomas. Gazyva ya Lymphoma ya Non-Hodgkin
> Iarocci, Thomas. Kansa ya Magazi ndi Matenda a M'thupi.
> NCCN. Odwala ndi Osamalira Resources. Zotsatira Zothandizira.
> RS Cvetkovic ndi CM Perry "Chidule: Kubwereza kwa Ntchito Yake ku Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma ndi Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo 2006 66 (6): 791-820.