Lymphadenopathy: Matenda kapena Kukulitsa kwa Lymph Nodes
Zilonda zamakono ndizozing'ono zozungulira zonse zomwe zilipo thupi lonse. Amapereka nyumba kapena zitseko za maselo - makamaka maselo oyera a magazi - zomwe zimateteza kuteteza thupi la munthu ku matenda.
Lymphadenopathy ikhoza kupezeka pa zifukwa zingapo , kuphatikizapo zotsatirazi:
• Matenda -chifukwa chofala kwambiri
• Mavitimu ndi ma leukemia omwe amapanga maselo oyera
• Khansara kumalo ena omwe amafalitsidwa ku maselo am'mimba
• Matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi, monga lupus ndi sarcoidosis
• Mndandanda wautali wa matenda ena ambiri .
Khosi, ziphuphu, ndi kubuula ndi ziwalo za thupi kumene mitsempha yowonjezera imakhala yosavuta kumva. Maonekedwe a ziphuphu m'maderawa ndi chizindikiro chofala kwambiri cha lymphadenopathy.
Pamene vuto la lymphadenopathy silikuwonekera bwino, madokotala angakulangize mayesero monga zabwino za singano aspiration cytology, kapena FNAC. Poyambitsa matenda opatsirana a lymphoma, kutulutsa kachilombo koyambitsa matenda a mthupi - kuchotsedwa kwa mbali kapena nthendayi yonse yoyezetsa ndi kuyesera - kumafunika.
Mankhwala a lymphadenopathy amadalira chifukwa cha kukulitsa khungu.
N'chifukwa Chiyani Lymph Nodes Zimapuma?
Madokotala amaona kuti mliri wamakono umakula mosiyana malinga ndi zizindikiro zomwe zimabwera ndi ma lymph node.
Nthawi zina zimakhala zomveka kuti ziwalo zam'mimba zotupa zimachokera ku matenda. Mwachitsanzo, mitsempha yowonjezera pamtambo ikhoza kukhala yowonjezereka ya matenda opatsirana otchedwa mononucleosis, omwe amachititsa matenda a Epstein-Barr. Nthaŵi zina, kutupa kwa mitsempha yambiri kumakhala kosavuta kwambiri ndipo kumafunika kufufuzidwa.
Nazi mafunso ena omwe amafunsidwa kawirikawiri zokhudzana ndi mitsempha yotupa:
• Kodi ma lymph nodes sagwedezeka popanda chifukwa?
Ndili ndi minofu yotupa. Kodi ndi lymphoma?
• Ndi chifukwa chiti chomwe chimayambitsa magalavu otupa?
• Ndingadziwe bwanji ngati ili ndi minofu kapena chinthu china?
Kodi Pali Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Lymphadenopathy?
Lymphadenopathy akhoza kukhala ndi zofotokozera zowonjezera, malingana ndi kuti m'thupi thupi limakhala zotupa. Zitsanzo zina ndi momwe zimayendera khansa ya m'magazi ndi lymphoma .
Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Matenda a kakhosi am'nofu amatha kutulutsa mitsempha yowonjezera m'kati mwa khosi. Izi ndizofala kwambiri pa matenda opatsirana. Zosavuta, kutupa kwa maselo m'mitsempha kungakhale chizindikiro cha kuvulaza. Ana omwe ali ndi matenda a Hodgkin amakhala ndi matenda a chiberekero pakati pa 80 mpaka 90 peresenti kusiyana ndi 40 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi lymphoma omwe si a Hodgkin.
Lymphadenopathy ya m'magazi
Matenda a m'magulu a m'mimba amapezeka mu mediastinum. Mediastinamu ndi mawu omwe amatha kuganiziridwa ngati bokosi, kapena chidebe, komanso zomwe zili m'bokosi lonse. Tangoganizani kacube, kumadutsa mbali ziwiri ndi mapapo; mbali ziwiri ndi nsapato ndi msana; pamwamba pa chiguduli mpaka khosi; ndi pansi pa chifuwa pansi, kapena minofu ya diaphragm yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kupuma.
Zilonda zam'mimba zamkati zimatha kukulirakulira, kapena ndi matenda a m'mapapo. Hodgkin lymphoma, kapena HL , kawirikawiri imayamba ndi maselo am'thupi. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, kapena NHL, ikhoza kuwuka mu maselo amkati apakati, nayonso; Komabe, NHL nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi njira yosiyana yothandizana ndi matendawa.
Kodi Generalized Lymphadenopathy ndi chiyani?
Ngati pali zigawo ziwiri zochokera kumadera osiyanasiyana, izi zimatchedwa "generalized lymphadenopathy". Kuphatikizidwa kwa malo osiyanasiyana kungakhale chitsimikizo cha matenda omwe angakhale nawo. Mankhwalawa amapezeka m'magawo awiri mwa ana atatu aliwonse omwe amapezeka ndi acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) komanso gawo limodzi mwa atatu mwa ana omwe ali ndi khansa yoopsa ya myeloblastic (AML).
Matenda a Hodgkin, mtundu wa lymphoma, ndi chifukwa chimodzi chokha chimene chimayambitsa matenda a mitsempha yambirimbiri, koma nthawi zina ophunzira amagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chokumbukira ichi kuti aphunzire mndandanda wautali wa zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse:
H. Hematologic: Matenda a Hodgkin, khansa ya m'magazi, ndi a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
O. Oncologic: Metastasis kuti ikhale yopyapyala, khansa ya khansa yoopsa
D. Dermatopathic lymphadenitis: kutupa maselo a mitsempha yomwe imatulutsa chikopa cha khungu chomwe chatsekedwa kapena chakukwiyitsa
Matenda a G. Gaucher: matenda osadziwika achibadwa
Matenda a K. Kawasaki: Matenda osadziwika omwe amapezeka m'mitsempha ya magazi ndi kutupa
I. Matenda: mabakiteriya, mavairasi, ndi parasitic
Matenda a N. Niemann: matenda omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale ndi matenda
Matenda a S. Serum: kuteteza mthupi mwa mankhwala ena kapena mankhwala
D. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo: kuthandizira mankhwala ena
I. Matenda a umuna: Mwachitsanzo, nyamakazi ya nyamakazi ndi lupus
S. Sarcoidosis: matenda opweteka omwe angakhudze mbali zosiyanasiyana za thupi
E. Endocrine: hyperthyroidism
A. Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy: iyi ndi nthawi yakale; panopa akuwoneka ngati lymphoma.
S. Kuthana ndi lupus erythematosus (lupus, kapena SLE)
Eosinophilic granulomatosis: matenda opatsirana omwe amasonyeza maonekedwe osakanikirana ndi opweteka
> Zotsatira:
Lymphadenopathy ndi Malignancy. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/1201/p2103.html.
Mnemonics In Internal Medicine & Pediatrics. Parmar HB. B. Jain Ofalitsa.
Agostinelli C, Pileri S. Pathobiology ya Hodgkin Lymphoma. Mediterr J Hematol Wopanda Dis . 2014; 6 (1): e2014040.