Information About Syphilis, Gonorrhea, Chlamydia & Trichomoniasis
Matenda opatsirana pogonana (matenda opatsirana pogonana) ndiwo amodzi omwe amachititsa matenda ambiri padziko lapansi. M'madera ena, matenda amodzi opatsirana pogonana, syphilis ndi mliri wambiri. Ndipotu, matenda opatsirana pogonana, kuphatikizapo syphilis amachepetsa chiopsezo cha HIV. Pankhani ya chisa, zilonda zotseguka zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana zimapanga chitseko chabwino cha HIV kulowa m'thupi.
Chizindikiro
Chifilala chinayamba kufotokozedwa m'zaka za zana la 16. M'mayiko otukuka, chiphuphu chinachepa pa nthawi ya theka la zana la khumi ndi anayi. Komabe, m'mayiko omwewo, chiwerengero cha matenda opatsirana pogonana chitachitika mwamsanga pambuyo pa nkhondo yoyamba ya padziko lonse. Komatu kachiwiri, pambuyo pa nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, chiwerengerochi chinagwera mofulumira, kuphatikizapo kupezeka kwa mayeso opatsirana ndi ma antibayotiki. M'mayiko ena otukuka chiwembu chinayamba kuwuka m'zaka za m'ma 1960 ndipo chimawonjezeka kuyambira pomwepo.
Kulamulira Syphilis
Chiphili ndi chitsanzo choyambirira cha matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe angathe kuyendetsedwa bwino ndi thanzi labwino:
- Chinthu chosavuta, chodziŵika bwino chodziŵika bwino chikupezeka ndipo chimachititsa kuti munthu ayambe kupeza matenda oyamba.
- Mankhwala othandiza kwambiri amapezeka kuti athe kuchiza matenda aakulu.
- Ngati chithandizo sichikutsatiridwa chikhoza kuwononga mitsempha, kuwonongeka kwa mpanda, kusokonezeka maganizo, ndiyeno imfa.
- Kukana kwa mankhwala opha tizilombo sikupangitse, kutanthauza kuti zidzakhala zothandiza kwa anthu ambiri.
Kodi Anthu Amachita Zotani Zokonza Syphilis?
Siphila imayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya; makamaka, motile (wokhoza kusuntha) spirochete (mabakiteriya opangidwa ndi nkhumba) omwe amatchedwa Treponema pallidum . The spirochete yaperekedwa kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu; pa nthawi yogonana, mkaka komanso kugonana.
Sipulo imayambitsa zilonda zotseguka makamaka pa mbolo, anus, ndi mkazi. Kuyanjana ndi zilonda zapakati pazomwe mumalankhula, kumaliseche, kapena kugonana kumathandiza kuti munthu asamalowerere mwamuna kapena mkazi.
Kuphatikiza pa kupatsirana pogonana, kachilombo ka HIV kangaperekedwe kuchokera kwa mayi woyembekezera kupita kwa mwana wake wosabadwa. Nthenda yomwe imayambitsa syphilis ikhoza kudutsa kugwirizana pakati pa mwana ndi mayi (placenta) yomwe imayambitsa mwanayo. Matenda a chiphuphu a mwana wosabadwa angabweretse mimba yokha, kubereka, kapena imfa ya mwanayo m'mimba mwa mayi. Kwa ana omwe amachititsa kuti abereke komanso atha kukhala ndi moyo, ziwalo zoberekera ndizofala.
Kodi Zizindikiro Zili ndi Ziti?
Chiphili chimatchedwa "wotsanzira" ndipo zizindikiro zake nthawi zambiri zimasokonezeka ndi zizindikiro za matenda ena. Anthu omwe ali ndi syphilis akhoza kupita zaka popanda zizindikiro konse. Ndipotu, kumayambiriro kwa matendawa, ngati pali zilonda zapiritsi, amatha kuzindikira mosavuta. Zizindikiro ziwiri za syphilis zimatanthauza kuti matenda ambiri amapezeka pakati pa anthu omwe sadziwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Matenda atatu a Syphilis Infection
Gawo Loyamba: Kawirikawiri, panthawiyi, phokoso limodzi limatuluka pamimba, kumaliseche, kapena kumbuyo.
Kawirikawiri, izi zimapezeka masiku 10 mpaka 90 mutatha kutenga kachilombo ka HIV. Zowawa zopanda phokoso zimawonekera pambali pomwe syphilis inalowa m'thupi. Matendawa amatha masabata 3-6 ndipo amachiza popanda mankhwala. Komabe, mankhwala akufotokozedwa chifukwa, popanda izo, kachirombo ka HIV kakhoza kulowa gawo lachiwiri.
Gawo lachiwiri : Popanda chithandizo, zizindikiro za syphilis yachiwiri zimachiritsa. Koma monga momwe ziliri mu gawo loyamba, ngati palibe mankhwala omwe amapatsidwa akhoza kupita kumapeto. Gawo lachiwiri la syphilis limadziwika ndi:
- Mucous membrane zilonda
- Kuthamanga kofiira pamanja a manja ndi miyendo ya mapazi omwe sizitsuka
- Fever
- Kutupa ma lymph nodes
- Chikhure
- Kutaya tsitsi
- Kutaya thupi
- Misala ya minofu
- Kutopa
Gawo Lotsalira: Gawo ili limadziwikanso ngati "malo obisika," kuyambira pamene zizindikiro za gawo lachiwiri zatsimikiza. Ndi panthawi imeneyi kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo amatha kusokoneza ziwalo za mkati, dongosolo la mitsempha, ndi mafupa ndi ziwalo. Nthawi zina, imfa ikhoza kuchitika. Pachifukwa ichi, chithandizo cha syphilis ndi chofunikira mosasamala kanthu kuti ndi chiani cha matenda omwe munthu alimo.
Kodi Syphilis Amachitidwa Motani?
Poyamba, syphilis imachiritsidwa mosavuta ndi jekeseni imodzi ya penicillin kapena mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti penicillin asagwire ntchito. Pamene magawo a penicillin amapita patsogolo, mankhwalawa amakhala kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo ndi ovuta kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, jekeseni wotsutsana ndi intramuscular).
Kukhala ndi kachilombo kamodzi ndi kuchiritsidwa bwino sikungateteze munthu ku matendawa. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, njira zoyenera zolimbana ndi kugonana ziyenera kupitiliza ndikuyesedwa nthawi zonse.
Imodzi mwa matenda anayi opatsirana pogonana ndi matendawa. Koma monga enawo, chitetezo pang'ono chingalepheretse matendawa. Ndipo monga ma STD ena, kukhalapo kwa STD iliyonse kuphatikizapo gonorrhea kungapangitse chiopsezo chotenga HIV.
Gonorrhea
Gonorrhea ndi matenda akuluakulu, ngakhale kuti anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo (80% mwa akazi ndi 10 peresenti pakati pa amuna) ali odwala, kutanthauza kuti alibe zizindikiro.
Choncho iwo sadziwa kuti akufunikira chithandizo kapena kuopseza ena. Ndi kusowa kwadzidzidzi kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti chiwerengero cha masewera achiphuphu chikhale chaka chilichonse.
Kodi Gonorrhea Infection Occur
Gonorrhea ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana chifukwa cha mabakiteriya otchedwa Neisseria gonorrhoeae . Mabakiteriyawa amakonda kukulira m'madera otentha omwe amadziwika ndi abinayi, anus, tsamba la mkodzo, pakamwa, mmero ndi maso. Choncho, kugonana kosagwirizana ndi malowa kungathe kuchititsa matenda. Matenda amatha kuchitika panthawi yopanda chitetezo, chiwerewere, kapena kugonana. Kutayidwa kwa nyemba sikufunika kuti kachilombo kuchitike. Komanso, matendawa amatha kufalikira kuchokera kwa mayi yemwe ali ndi kachilombo kupita kwa mwana wake panthawi yobereka.
Ndi Zizindikiro Ziti za Gonorrhea?
Amuna ambiri alibe zizindikiro konse. Ngati ali ndi zizindikiro amapezeka kawirikawiri pa sabata ndikuphatikizapo:
- Kutentha ndi kukodza
- Kutaya koyera, kobiriwira kapena chikasu kuchokera ku mbolo
- Mavitamini owawa kapena otupa
Azimayi nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena alibe zizindikiro. Chifukwa chaichi, kupezeka kwa matenda kumadalira makamaka chikhalidwe cha chikazi. Ngati amayi ali ndi zizindikiro iwo akuphatikizapo:
- Ululu kapena kuyaka ndi kukodza
- Vaginal kumwa
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi pakati pa nthawi
Amuna ndi akazi amatha kupeza kachilombo koyambitsa matendawa. Zizindikiro zikuphatikizapo:
- Kuchuluka kwa magazi
- Kuchetsa kapena kupweteka
- Kutaya magazi
- Zowawa zamatumbo
Matenda a chimfine pammero sizimayambitsa zizindikiro koma ngati nthawi zambiri zimakhala zilonda zam'mimba.
Kodi Gonorrhea Imatani?
Palinso ma antibayotiki ambiri amene amachiza matendawa . Komabe, mitsempha ya gonorrhea yomwe imagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki imakhala yowonjezereka ndipo zimakhala zovuta kwambiri kuchiza matenda opatsirana pogonana. Kawirikawiri, munthu yemwe ali ndi gonorrhea akhoza kutenga matenda ena opatsirana pogonana otchedwa chlamydia. Ngati munthuyo ali ndi matenda onsewa, onse awiri amafunika kuchiritsidwa kotero munthuyo adzalandira maantibayotiki kuti azichiza onse awiri.
Ngati gonorrhea sichimachiritsidwa bwinobwino, ikhoza kuyambitsa matenda ena akuluakulu komanso osatha. Matenda ena awa ndi awa:
- Kutenga kwa chiberekero, mazira, mazira (matenda opweteka a m'mimba mwa akazi)
- Kuonjezera chiopsezo cha ectopic pregnancy
- Matenda a testicular (epididymitis)
- Matenda a magazi ndi amodzi
Kuteteza Gonorrhea
Mofanana ndi matenda aliwonse a STD, kugwiritsa ntchito makondomu a latex amachepetsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo. Pamene munthu akuchiritsidwa ku matendawa, ayenera kupewa kugonana.
Munthu akamapezeka kuti ali ndi matendawa, ayenera kuwadziwitsa omwe amagonana nawo, omwe ayenera kuyesedwa komanso kuchiritsidwa.
Chlamydia ndi STD yochuluka kwambiri padziko lonse. Izi zili choncho ngakhale kuti kachilombo ka HIV kamakhala kochepa kwambiri. Chifukwa chakuti zizindikiro za chlamydia ndizochepa kapena sizipezeka, anthu omwe ali ndi chlamydia nthawi zambiri samadziwa matenda.
Chlamydia
Matenda a chlamydial , monga gonorrhea, ndi matenda akuluakulu omwe ali ndi zizindikiro (popanda zizindikilo) miyeso ya amayi ngati ofanana ndi matenda a gonorrhea, koma kuchuluka kwa chiwopsezo cha matenda osokoneza bongo kusiyana ndi matendawa.
Zimayambitsa mabakiteriya otchedwa Chlamydia trachomatis . Monga matendawa, chlamydia imayambitsa matenda monga kutupa kwapakhosi komanso infertility. Kuzindikira kwa matenda a chlamydial kumapezeka kwambiri kumadzulo. Komabe, mayesero a chlamydia ndi okwera mtengo ndipo samapezeka kwambiri m'mayiko osauka. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kuzungulira dziko lapansi, matenda ambiri a chlamydia sadziwika ndipo sagwidwa.
Kodi Chithandizo cha Chlamydia Chimachitika Bwanji?
Monga momwe matenda opatsirana pogonana amasonyezera, chlamydia imafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu payekha panthawi yopanda HIV yotetezedwa, yogonana, kapena yogonana. Kuphatikiza apo, chlamydia ikhoza kuperekedwa kwa mayi kupita kwa mwana wake wakhanda pa nthawi yobereka. Ngakhale munthu wina wogonana ali pachiopsezo chotenga matenda, anthu ena amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu kuposa ena.
- Atsikana achichepere ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chifukwa chiberekero chawo sichitha msinkhu. Chifukwa chaichi, zizindikiro zotetezera mimba ya chiberekero sichimeneko, kutanthauza kuti msungwana ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha matenda.
- Chifukwa chlamydia ikhoza kufalikira pa nthawi yogonana ndi abambo komanso abambo komanso kugonana, amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha matenda.
Kodi Zizindikiro za Chlamydia Ndi Ziti?
Pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya amayi ndi 50 peresenti ya amuna omwe ali ndi chlamydia alibe zizindikiro. Koma m'malo ena onse, zizindikiro zimawonekera patapita masabata atatu kapena atatu mutatha kuchipatala.
Kwa amayi, zizindikirozi zikuphatikizapo:
- Vaginal kumwa
- Kupsa kapena kupweteka pamene mukukodza
- Mimba ndi / kapena kupweteka kwa m'mbuyo
- Nausea
- Fever
- Ululu ndi kugonana
- Kuthamanga kwa magazi pakati pa nthawi
Zizindikiro mwa amuna ndizo:
- Kupsa kapena kupweteka pamene mukukodza
- Kutuluka kwa penile
- Kupsa ndi kuyabwa kuzungulira chitseko kumapeto kwa mbolo
- Ngati chlamydia isasamalidwe, ingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa njira yoberekera. Komabe, chiwonongeko chimene chlamydia chosatulutsidwa chimayambitsa sichidziwika chifukwa nthawi zambiri palibe zizindikiro. Pa chifukwa ichi, chithandizo cha chlamydia chilimbikitsidwa kapena popanda zizindikiro.
Kodi Chlamydia Amachitiridwa Motani?
Mwamwayi, mankhwala a chlamydia ndi osavuta komanso othandiza. Chithandizo chingakhale ndi mlingo umodzi wa antibiotic kapena antibiotic ya mlungu uliwonse tsiku lililonse. Pa chithandizo, kugonana sikuyenera kuchitika. Amagulu a munthu amene ali ndi chlamydia ayenera kuyesedwa kwa chlamydia ndi mankhwala ngati ali ndi kachilomboka.
Azimayi ndi atsikana omwe ali achinyamata ayenera kuyesedwa kachiwiri pakapita miyezi ingapo atalandira chithandizo. Chifukwa cha chiopsezo chotsitsimutsidwa kuchokera kwa mnzanu wosatetezedwa ndipo chlamydia yovuta kwambiri ikhoza kuchita kwa njira yobereka ndikofunika kutsimikizira kuti chlamydia yathandizidwa kwathunthu komanso kuti kachilombo ka HIV sikuchitika.
Trichomoniasis
Matenda omwe amagwidwa ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana a trichomoniasis amakhudza amuna ndi akazi koma zizindikiro ndizofala kwambiri kwa amayi. Matendawa amayamba ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amatchedwa Trichomonas vaginalis. Trichomoniasis amachititsa zizindikiro pafupifupi 50 peresenti ya amayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo. Amuna, kachilombo kawirikawiri amatenga kachilombo (kamakina kakang'ono) ndipo amatha kanthawi kochepa chabe.
Komabe, amuna amatha kupatsira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda panthawi yomwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV.
Kodi Trichomoniasis Akudwala Bwanji?
Trichomoniasis imafalikira kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu kudzera mwa kugonana kosatetezeka. Mkazi ndi malo omwe amawopsa kwambiri kwa amayi ndi urethra (tsamba la urinary) ndilofala kwambiri mwa amuna. Azimayi angathe kutenga kachilombo ka amuna kapena akazi mwa kugonana kwachindunji. Amuna kapena ambiri omwe ali ndi kachilombo kazimayi.
Kodi Zizindikiro Zotani za Trichomoniasis Ndi Ziti?
Ngati zizindikiro zimapezeka, nthawi zambiri zimapezeka mkati mwa masabata anayi. Zizindikiro mwa akazi ndizo:
- Kutupa kwachibadwa
- Kununkhira koipa, kumaliseche kwa chikasu
- Ululu wogonana ndi / kapena kukodza
- Kusakwiya kwapakati ndi kuyabwa
- Zowawa m'mimba (zosazolowereka koma zimachitika nthawi zina)
- Azimayi omwe ali ndi trichomoniasis ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka chokhala ndi mwana wobadwira wolemera makilogalamu asanu (kapena "kubadwa kochepa") ndi / kapena kubadwa msanga.
Amuna ambiri ali ndi zizindikiro zochepa kapena ayi. Ngati ali ndi zizindikiro nthawi zambiri amakhala ofatsa ndipo samakhala motalika kwambiri. Zikuphatikizapo:
- Kukhumudwa "mkati" mwa mbolo
- Kutuluka kwa penile
- Kuwotcha mutatha kukodza ndi / kapena kutsekemera ("kuthamanga")
- Kutupa kwachibadwa kungawonjezere chiopsezo cha kachilombo ka HIV kwa amayi. Komanso, kachirombo ka trichomoniasis kwa amayi omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV kamayambitsa chiopsezo chotenga kachilombo ka HIV kwa amuna omwe amagonana nawo.
Kodi Trichomoniasis Amachitiridwa Motani?
Azimayi amachiritsidwa mosavuta ndi mlingo umodzi wa antibiotic wotchedwa Flagyl (metronidazole). Mwa amuna, matenda awo amatha kuchoka popanda mankhwala. Komabe, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amuna samadziwa kuti ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, amatha kubwezeretsa abambo awo mobwerezabwereza. Choncho, chithandizo cha onse awiri chikulimbikitsidwa ngati mnzanu wina atapezeka. Momwemonso, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tingachiritsidwe m'mabwenzi onse awiri komanso kuti tizilombo toyambitsa kachilombo ka HIV kachiwirire.
Kodi Trichomoniasis Angapezedwe Motani?
- Kugwiritsira ntchito kondomu nthawi zonse.
- Zochitika zogonana ziyenera kuimitsa, ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo chithandizo cha munthuyo ndi onse ogonana ayenera kupatsidwa ngati zizindikiro za matenda alipo.
- Ntchito yogonana iyenera kuyima mpaka mankhwala atatha ndipo zizindikiro zonse zatsimikiza.
> Chitsime
> Zomwe Zidzasokoneze Matenda, "Chlamydia - CDC Fact Sheet"; Idasinthidwa October 2016
> Zomangamanga za Kudwala Matenda, "Gonorrhea - CDC Fact Sheet"; Idasinthidwa October 2016
> Zolinga za Kuletsa Matenda, "Syphilis - CDC Fact Sheet"; Kusinthidwa February 2017
> Zomwe Zidzasokoneze Matenda, "Trichomoniasis - CDC Fact Sheet"; Idasinthidwa July 2017