Mayesero Odziwitsa Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Kuyeza Matenda Anu Amtendere
Mayendedwe a chiwindi (LFTs) ndi betri ya kuyesera magazi nthawi zonse zomwe zimapereka dokotala wanu lingaliro la momwe chiwindi chanu chikugwirira ntchito. Kuchokera pazifukufukuzi, dokotala wanu amatha kudziwa zomwe zimayambitsa matendawa, chipsinjo cha mankhwala chomwe chimayambitsa chiwindi, kapena matenda a chiwindi monga hepatitis B kapena hepatitis C. Pali mayesero angapo osiyanasiyana omwe amawunika kuwunika kwa LFT, kuphatikizapo:
Albumin (ALB)
Albumin ndi mapuloteni omwe amabwera ndi chiwindi chomwe chimathandiza kusunga osmotic mu mitsempha ya m'magazi. Pakupitiriza kupanikizika, madziwa amakhalabe mu mitsempha m'malo mwakuthamangira m'matumbo ndikupanga edema (kutupa). Albumin imanyamula mchere wina m'magazi.
- Zomwe zimakhazikika: 4 mpaka 6
- Zowonjezera: Kawirikawiri zimasonyeza kutaya madzi
- Pansi pazinthu zachilendo: Zikhoza kuwonetsa kuchepa kwa chiwindi kapena kusadya okwanira mapuloteni
Alkaline phosphatase (ALK PHOS)
Mchere wamchere wamchere ndi puloteni yomwe imapezeka m'magulu ambiri m'thupi, kuphatikizapo chiwindi, kugaya zakudya, impso, ndi mafupa.
- Zomwe zimakhazikika: 30 mpaka 120
- Kutukulidwa: Kawirikawiri chizindikiro chochenjeza kuti pali vuto lina la chiwindi lomwe limayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kapena matenda a mafupa monga khansara kapena kupweteka kwa machiritso
- Zomwe zili pansipa: Kawirikawiri sizothandiza
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT kapena SGPT)
Mapuloteniwa amapezeka makamaka m'chiwindi. Amatulutsidwa m'magazi pamene pakhala pali mtundu wina wa chiwonongeko cha chiwindi.
- Zizolowezi zachikhalidwe: zosakwana 35
- Zowonjezereka: May amasonyeza kuti kuwonongeka kwa chiwindi kwachitika chifukwa cha matenda, mankhwala, chiwindi, kapena kuvulazidwa kwa chiwindi
- Pansi pachizolowezi: Kawirikawiri sikumangoganizira
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST kapena SGOT)
Mapuloteniwa amapezeka makamaka m'chiwindi. Amatulutsidwa m'magazi pamene pakhala pali mtundu wina wa chiwonongeko cha chiwindi.
- Zizolowezi zachikhalidwe: zosakwana 35
- Zowonjezereka: Mayi angasonyeze kuwonongeka kwa minofu chifukwa cha zinthu monga kusokoneza, matenda a chiwindi, kapena chiwindi
- Zomwe zili pansipa: Kawirikawiri sizothandiza
Chiwerengero cha bilirubin (TBIL)
Bilirubin ndi chigawo chachibadwa cha maselo ofiira a magazi. Pamene maselowa amatsuka bilirubin amamasulidwa m'magazi. Bilirubin imatengedwa kupita ku chiwindi komwe imathyoledwa ndikuchotsedwa. Pamene chiwindi sichigwira ntchito bwino, bilirubin ikhoza kumanga thupi, kuchititsa jaundice (khungu la khungu ndi maso).
- Zomwe zimakhazikika: zosakwana 1.0
- Zowonjezereka: Kawirikawiri zimayambitsa matenda osokoneza bongo omwe amathetsa bilirubin, kuphatikizapo kutsekereza kapena chiwindi.
- Zomwe zili pansipa: Kawirikawiri sizothandiza
Zifukwa Zopangira Matenda Aakulu a Chiwindi mu HIV
Pochiza kachilombo ka HIV, mavitamini a chiwindi amatha kukwera chifukwa cha zifukwa zingapo, kuphatikizapo mankhwala opatsirana pogonana, kachilombo ka HIV, komanso nthawi zina HIV. Zina mwa izi:
- Chiwindi cha hepatitis chimawoneka mwa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, ndipo pafupifupi 30 peresenti yodwala matenda a hepatitis C okha. Matendawa angakhudze kwambiri chiwindi, kuchititsa fibrosis (scarring) ndi cirrhosis (matenda aakulu).
- Mankhwala ena opatsirana pogonana angayambitse hepatoxicity (chiwindi cha chiwindi) kuphatikizapo Viramune (nevirapine), ndi Aptivus (tipranavir) poonjezera ndi Norvir (ritonavir).
- Mowa ndi mankhwala ena owonjezera omwe amadziwika kuti amachititsa mavuto a chiwindi ndi hepatotoxicity yowononga kwambiri. Ngakhale zakudya zowonjezereka monga St. John's Wort m'deralo zingawonjezere zotsatira za hepatotoxic za mankhwala monga Viramune.
- Matenda omwe si oledzeretsa a chiwindi (NAFLD) amakhudza paliponse kuchokera ku 17% mpaka 33 peresenti ya ku America ndipo nthawi zambiri amakhala okhutira kwambiri. Pafupifupi theka la anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV ali ndi NAFLD mosasamala kanthu za matenda a chiwindi A kapena C.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "HIV ndi Viral Hepatitis." Atlanta, Georgia; inapezeka pa June 3, 2015.
> Price, J. ndi Theo, C. "Matenda a Chiwindi mwa Omwe Ali ndi HIV." Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2010; 8 (12): 1002-21. DOI: 10.1016 / j.cgh.2010.08.024.
> US Department of Health and Human Services. "Zotsatira Zake za HIV Mankhwala - HIV ndi Hepatoxicity." AIDSInfo. Washington, DC; inapezeka pa June 3, 2015.