Ngozi ya khansa imakhala yoposa 150 pa amuna omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV
Mwachidule
Khansara yogonana ndi yovuta komanso yovuta kwambiri pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV, makamaka abambo ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha. Zizindikiro zingayambe mwadzidzidzi poyamba, nthawi zambiri ndi kuyabwa kuzungulira anus, mofanana ndi kuyabwa komwe kumayanjana ndi ziwalo.
Pambuyo pake zingakhale zopweteka kapena zizindikiro za magazi. Pomalizira pake, matenda a khansa amatha kutsegukira, zomwe zimatulutsa madzi omwe amadziwika kuti ndi osokoneza bongo.
Mwatsoka, izi ndi mfundo pamene anthu ambiri potsirizira pake amasankha kuwona dokotala, nthawi yomwe khansara nthawi zambiri imapita patsogolo.
Khansara imatanthawuza ngati kukula kosazolowereka kwa maselo omwe akupitiriza kuchulukana popanda njira zowonetsera kuti zithetse. Kansalu ya kansa ndi matenda omwe amapezeka mu anus, omwe amawonetsa ndi zilonda zotupa. Khansa ya khansa imayamba kukula mu minofu ya anus kapena m'magazi omwe akuphatikizana ndi khungu.
Khansara ya chibwibwi ikudetsa nkhawa kwambiri anthu omwe ali ndi HIV. Kwa anthu ambiri, kansa ya kansa imaonedwa kuti ndi yosawerengeka, ikuchitika pafupifupi pafupifupi mmodzi mwa anthu 100,000. Komabe, mwa amuna omwe amagonana ndi amuna (MSM) , chiŵerengero chikukwera kufika pa milandu 144 pa 100,000. Komanso, MSM omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV amakhala odwala kachilombo kawiri kuposa MSM omwe alibe kachilombo ka HIV.
Ngakhale sitikumvetsetsa chifukwa chake izi, zimakhulupirira kuti kutupa kosagwirizana ndi kachilombo ka HIV kwenikweni kumakhala ndi selo isanafike nthawi yake.
Izi zikachitika, nthawi zambiri tidzawona khansa ikukula pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV mpaka zaka khumi ndi ziwiri zisanachitike. Kansalu ya kansa ndi imodzi mwa khansa zambiri zomwe zimakhulupirira kuti zikugwirizana ndi izi.
Zowopsa
Pali mgwirizano wapakati pakati pa khansa ya khansa ndi papillomavirus yaumunthu (HPV) , kachilombo kamene kamangokhalira kuyambitsa ziwalo zogonana koma kumagwirizananso ndi chitukuko cha khansara ya chiberekero.
Kuphatikiza pa HPV ndi kachirombo ka HIV, zomwe zimatchulidwa kuti zimasuta fodya, zibwenzi zambiri zogonana, zogonana zogonana , mbiri ya ziwalo, komanso fistula.
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa khansara ya ana kukhala yoopsa kwambiri ndi yakuti anthu ambiri amasonyeza zizindikiro zochepa, ngati zilipo, asanadziwe. Ponena zambiri pano, nthawi zambiri anthu amachedwa kuchepetsa dokotala, makamaka ngati zizindikiro siziwoneka zovuta.
Ngati zizindikiro zilipo nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo:
- Nkhondo pa anus kapena ziwalo
- Zilonda kapena zovuta kuzungulira anus kapena mu ngalande ya anal
- Kudyetsa mkati ndi kuzungulira anus
- Kutaya kapena kutuluka kuchokera ku anus
- Ululu kapena kuthamanga kuzungulira anus
- Malo opweteka kwambiri pafupi ndi anus pokhapokha kulibe mabala kapena zilonda zooneka
- Tsegulani zilonda kuzungulira anus zomwe simuchiza
Kudziwa
Akatswiri ambiri tsopano akulangiza kanema ya kansa yowunikira anthu omwe ali pangozi yaikulu. Mayesero ovomerezedwawa akuphatikizapo kuyang'ana kwa chaka ndi kuyang'ana kwa digito, komanso pulogalamu yamapaka ya chaka chilichonse.
Wotsirizira amatenga nsanganizo ya maselo ochokera m'mphepete mwa anus ndikuwunika pansi pa microscope kuti adziwe kusintha kwa maselo mofanana ndi khansa ya ana. Mapuloteni osavuta a Pap ndi omwe amatsatiridwa ndi zolemba zapamwamba kwambiri (chiwerengero cha ana) kapena biopsy.
Kuchiza
Chithandizo cha khansa ya khansa chimadalira momwe khansara yapitira patsogolo. Pambuyo poyesa kudziwa momwe matendawa akuyendera, ndondomeko ya mankhwala imapangidwa ndi bungwe lovomerezeka la oncologist.
Pankhani ya squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) , chemotherapy ndi ma radiation nthawi zambiri amalangizidwa ngati mankhwala oyamba. Ngati chochitika cha adenocarcinoma , mankhwala angaphatikizepo opaleshoni.
Kupewa
Popeza kuti HPV imaonedwa kuti ndiyo yaikulu yachitukuko cha khansa ya ana, kupewera kumafunika makamaka kugonjera HPV. Katemera wa HPV akulimbikitsidwa kwa ana ndi achinyamata, operekedwa katatu pamwezi umodzi wa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matenda ndi Kupewa Matenda tsopano zimalimbikitsa katemera kwa magulu awa:
- Ana onse a zaka 11 kapena 12
- Anyamata ndi atsikana omwe samayambitsa kapena kutsiriza makanema a HPV ali aang'ono
- Atsikana atakwanitsa zaka 26
- Achinyamata ali ndi zaka 21
- MSM kupyolera mu zaka 26
- Amuna omwe ali ndi kachilombo ka HIV omwe sanayambe kapena kutsiriza zotsatsira katemera wa HPV ali aang'ono
Anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu ayenera kulangizidwa kuti agwiritse ntchito makondomu ndi kugonana kulikonse ndi kuchepetsa chiwerengero cha ogonana nawo.
Kuphatikizanso, aliyense amene ali ndi mbiri ya zilonda zoopsa ayenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse. Pap ya anal akhoza kuona kuti kusintha kwa ma selo oyambirira kukugwirizana ndi chitukuko cha kansa ya ana, kumathandiza kuti ayambe kuthandizira komanso kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha matenda.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. "Katemera wa HPV: Katemera Wanu Wakale ndi Wachinyamata." Atlanta, Georgia; Pezani December 7, 2015.
> Dipatimenti ya Veteran Affairs. "Anal Dysplasia ndi HIV: Chisamaliro chapamwamba kwa Omwe ali ndi HIV." Washington, DC; inapezeka pa November 25, 2016.
> Goldstone, S. "Zowonongeka ndi Zowopsa kwa Mankhwala a Papillomavirus (HPV) Kugonana pakati pa Amuna a HIV-Seronegative Amuna Ogonana Ndi Amuna." Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2011; 203 (1): 66-74.
> Hleyhel, M ;; Belot, A .; Bouvier, A., et al. "Kuopsa kwa AIDS-kufotokoza khansa kwa odwala HIV-1 (1992-2009): zotsatira za FHDH-ANRS CO4." Journal of International AIDS Society. & November 11, 2012; 15 (4).