Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) ndi khansa yachiwiri yowopsa kwambiri. Amapezeka kawirikawiri mwa amuna kusiyana ndi akazi pa chiwerengero cha 2: 1. Chiwerengero cha squamous cell carcinoma ku Caucasians ku US ndi .1 -15% pa chaka. Chiwerengero chikuwonjezeka ndi zaka ndipo chiwerengero cha khansara ili ndi zaka 66. Chiwerengerochi chikuwonjezereka ndi maulendo ochepa omwe amapezeka kumwera kwa America ndi Australia.
Kodi Cell Squamous Cell Carcinoma N'chiyani?
Squamous cell carcinoma imatuluka kumbali yakunja ya khungu, epidermis , kuchititsa kusintha kwa maselo m'maselo otchedwa keratinocytes. Mazira a UVB ndi ofunika kwambiri chifukwa cha kudulidwa kwa khansa yapakhungu ya DNA ndi kukonzanso kwake, komanso kumayambitsa kusinthasintha kwa majeremusi. Maselo amenewa amasinthasintha kwambiri ndipo amachititsa khungu kusintha. Pamene maselo osinthika amalowa mkati mwa dermis, chiopsezo cha masastasia chimakula.
Zoopsa za Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Zina mwazidzidzidzi zoopsa za squamous cell carcinoma ndizo:
- Kutentha kwa dzuwa nthawi zambiri makamaka kwa UVB radiation komanso UVA
- Chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino chotchedwa actinic keratosis kapena solar keratosis
- Chitetezo cha m'thupi
- HIV
- Maizoni ojambulidwa pogwiritsa ntchito acne m'ma 1940
- Khungu lolunjika
- Kusuta fodya
Zina mwazidzidzidzi zoopsa za squamous cell carcinoma ndizo:
- Kuwonetsedwa ku arsenic
- Kuwonetsera kwa mafuta onunkhira a hydrocarboni mu phula, msuzi, kapena shale
- Khungu lowonongeka kapena lowonongeka kale, makamaka kuwonongeka kwa mazira
- Kutenga ndi mitundu ya anthu ya papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, ndi 18
- Matenda amtundu wosadziwika wotchedwa xeroderma pigmentosa
Maonekedwe a Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Kusintha kwa khungu kumene kumachitika ndi squamous cell carcinoma nthawi zambiri kumawoneka ngati nkhanambo. Pakhoza kukhala chiwerengero chakuda, chokwanira pamsana wofiira, wotentha.
Kawirikawiri nkhanambo idzachiritsa kwambiri mkati mwa masabata awiri. Komabe, squamous cell carcinoma imachiza ndipo imatha kutuluka magazi. Pamene ikufalikira mu mbola, kansa ya khungu ili ikhonza kuwoneka ngati chilonda cholimba, chokwera m'mphepete. Malo ofala kwambiri a squamous cell carcinoma amapezeka ali kumalo otsegula dzuwa monga kumbuyo kwa dzanja, khungu, mlomo, ndi gawo lapamwamba la khutu.
Zithunzi za Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Zithunzi zotsatirazi zikusonyeza zilonda zosiyanasiyana za squamous cell carcinoma:
- Kuthamanga kwa squamous cell carcinoma pa dzanja
- Squamous cell carcinoma pa manja onse awiri
- Squamous cell carcinoma pamaso
Kuzindikira Matenda a Squamous Cell
Njira yokhayo yodziŵira squamous cell carcinoma ndiyo yodalirika yowonongeka zilonda. Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa biopsy umatchedwa nsonga yameta imene zilondazi zimameta ndi lumo lokhazikika. Malingana ndi kuchuluka kwa zilondazi, njira ina yotsitsimutsa ndiyo kupititsa pachilonda. Malangizo othandiza monga ngati chotupa chonsecho chinachotsedwa ndipo kuya kwake kumangowonjezera pokhapokha.
Kuchiza kwa Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Njira zothandizira khansa yapakhungu iyi zimadalira nzeru zomwe zimachokera ku biopsy.
Kupanga mankhwala ndi mankhwala - Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuwononga khansara ya khungu ndi chipangizo cha electrocautery ndikuyesa malowa ndi mankhwala.
Nthawi zambiri matendawa amatha kusiyanitsidwa kuchokera ku matenda omwe amawoneka akugwedeza. Ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa kangapo kuti zitsimikizire kuchotsa kwathunthu kansalu ya khungu. Njirayi ndi yothandiza pamatenda aang'ono masentimita 1 kapena osachepera m'mimba, thunthu, mikono, kapena miyendo. Komabe, nthawi zambiri amasiya chilonda.
Kusamvetsetsa mosavuta - Njirayi imaphatikizapo kusakanikirana ndi opaleshoni ya kansalu ya khungu kuphatikizapo chikopa cha khungu lenileni. Kwa zotupa za 2 cm kapena zosachepera, malire a 4 mm ndi okwanira; kwa zotupa> 2 cm, mtunda wabwino ndi 6 mm. Ubwino wa mankhwalawa ndikuti ndiwamsanga komanso wotchipa.
Komabe, kusiyana pakati pa minofu yachibadwa ndi khansa kuyenera kuweruzidwa ndi maso.
Opaleshoni ya micrographic ya Mohs - Njirayi iyenera kuchitidwa ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni wa Mohs. Zimaphatikizapo kutengeka kwa khansara ya khungu komanso kuyang'anitsitsa minofu pansi pa microscope kuti mudziwe mitsinje. Ngati khansara iliyonse yotsala ya khungu imatsalira, imatha kupangidwira ndi kusangalala nthawi yomweyo. Ndondomeko yowongoka ndi kufufuza m'mphepete mwa nyanja iyenera kubwerezedwa kangapo. Ubwino wa njira iyi ndikuti nthawi zambiri umakhala wotsimikizirika ndipo wawonedwa kukhala ndi kuchepa kwachepera kusiyana ndi njira zina zothandizira. Zopweteka ndi nthawi komanso ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Kuchiza mazira - Njirayi imaphatikizapo njira yothandizira mazira pofika pamimba. Komabe, panthawiyi, pali umboni wosakwanira wosonyeza kuti mazira atatha opaleshoni amachititsa kuti kachilombo ka squamous cell carcinoma isinthe. Zingakhalenso ndi zotsatira za nthawi yaitali za chilonda, chilonda, ndi kupukuta khungu.
Chemotherapy - Mtundu wa chemotherapy womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi 13-cis-Retinoic acid ndi interferon-2A. Chemotherapy amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga masitepe a squamous cell carcinoma.
Cryotherapy - Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuwononga minofu ndi kuzizira ndi nitrojeni yamadzi. Izi zingakhale zothandiza kwa tizilombo toyambitsa khansa chabe. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito moyenera pofuna chithandizo cha actinic keratosis, chikhalidwe choyambirira. Njirayi ndi yotchipa komanso yotheka nthawi koma ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pangТono.
Kupewa Kacimous Cell Carcinoma
Pewani kuwala kwa UVB kuchokera ku dzuwa - Pewani dzuwa masana, gwiritsani ntchito zovala zoteteza , ndipo muzigwiritsa ntchito mawindo a dzuwa ndi SPF pafupifupi 15. Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa ana.
Pewani fodya - Izi zikuphatikizapo ndudu, ndudu, fodya wosuta, ndi fodya. Popeza mankhwalawa akuwonjezera chiopsezo cha squamous cell carcinoma pamakamwa ndi pakamwa, ntchito yawo iyenera kuchepetsedwa kapena kudula kwathunthu.
Pewani polycyclic hydrocarbons - Ntchito zomwe zimafuna kukhudzana ndi mankhwalawa zimayendetsedwa bwino kwambiri. Gwiritsani ntchito zoteteza nthawi zonse pamene mukugwira ntchito ndi mankhwalawa.
Khalani ndi zilonda zokayikitsa zowonongeka - Ngati muli ndi funso, fufuzani. Kuchiza zilonda zam'tsogolo kumaletsa kusinthika kwawo kukhala khansara yamtundu wambiri.