Zizindikiro, Kuzindikira, Kuchiza, ndi Kupewa
Chlamydia, matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha bakiteriya Chlamydia trachomatis , ndiyo matenda opatsirana pogonana opatsirana pogonana ku United States. Zitha kuchitika pa msinkhu uliwonse koma ndizofala kwa achinyamata. Mwina simukudziwa kuti muli ndi chlamydia, chifukwa nthawi zambiri sizimayambitsa zizindikiro. Ngakhale kuti ena amapezeka chifukwa amadziwa kuti zizindikiro monga kupweteka kapena kupweteka, ena amangowapeza ngati mbali imodzi yowonongeka.
Palibe chitetezo cha chlamydia, kotero kubwezeretsedwa kumakhala kofala. Chlamydia imachiritsidwa, koma kuyesedwa kawirikawiri n'kofunikira kuti mudziwe matenda.
Kukula
Anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 1.6 adzapezeka ndi matendawa chaka chilichonse, ndi magawo awiri mwa atatu mwa matenda omwe amabwera pakati pa anthu a zaka zapakati pa 15 ndi 24. Zochitika zenizeni ndizokwera, komabe chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri alibe zizindikiro. Amapezeka kawiri kawiri mwa amayi, koma izi ndizo chifukwa chakuti amai amakonda kupita kukayezetsa nthawi zambiri kuposa amuna. Kupeza chiopsezo kwa amayi ambiri ndi chinthu chabwino, komabe kusinkhasinkha kwakukulu kumatanthauzanso kuti pali anthu ambiri ogonana omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV omwe alibe chithandizo.
Chlamydia wakhala akudwala matenda ku United States kuyambira 1994, koma wakhala akudziwika kawiri kawiri kuyambira 2000. Chiwerengero cha chlamydia chakhala chitawonjezeka, ngakhale sichikudziwa ngati izi zikuwonjezeka kwenikweni kapena chifukwa chozindikira bwino.
The Genitalia
Kuti mumvetse bwino zizindikiro za chlamydia, zimathandiza kuti muwerenge mwachidule abambo ndi amayi omwe amachititsa kuti "
Mchitidwe wamabere ndi amayi, chiberekero, chiberekero (kutsegula pakati pa chiberekero ndi chiberekero), mazira oyenda, ndi mazira. Izi ndi zofunika chifukwa chiberekero ndi malo a matenda a chlamydial 75 peresenti mpaka 80 peresenti ya amayi.
Kuchokera kumeneko, mabakiteriya amatha kudutsa m'chiberekero mpaka m'machubu, m'mimba mwake, ndi m'mayandikana omwe amachititsa matenda omwe amatchedwa matenda opweteka m'mimba (PID).
Ndondomeko ya abambo imakhala ndi mbolo, mayesero, prostate gland, ndi madontho okhudzana. Matenda a Chlamydia mwa amuna nthawi zambiri amakhudza urethra (chubu yothamanga kuchoka ku chikhodzodzo mpaka kumapeto kwa mbolo). Kuchokera pano, mabakiteriya akhoza kupita ku epididymis-chubu yomwe imakhala kumbuyo kwa mitsempha-zomwe zimachititsa kuti zidziwike ngati epididymitis .
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za chlamydia zimasiyana pakati pa abambo ndi amai, komanso ndi malo omwe ali ndi kachilomboka. Mwamwayi, chlamydia amadziwika kuti "matenda osalimba" chifukwa zizindikiro sizili nthawi zonse. Ngakhale zili choncho, kachilomboka kangathe kuwononga njira yoberekera. Kuwunika kumachitika kawirikawiri kuti azindikire matenda opatsirana.
Akazi
Amayi 5 peresenti mpaka 30 peresenti ya amayi omwe ali ndi matenda a chlamydia adzakhala ndi zizindikiro. Chizindikiro chofala kwambiri ndi kumaliseche kwazimayi , komwe kungakhale kochepa kapena kofiira, koyera kapena kofiira (nthawi zambiri chikasu).
Azimayi angapezenso ubweya wofiira, kutupa, kuyaka, kapena kuyabwa m'mimba ndi m'mimba. Ululu ndi kuwotcha ndi kukodza kungabwere, ndipo kuchuluka kwa msinkhu kungayambe.
Kuphatikizika kwa chiberekero kumayambitsa kupweteka ndi kugonana (dyspareunia) ndi kutuluka kwa magazi pakati pa nthawi.
Matendawa akapita kumapiko ndi m'mimba, kupweteka kwa m'mimba ndi kumbuyo, komanso zizindikiro zofanana ndi chimfine monga fever, zimachitika.
Amuna
Pafupifupi 10 peresenti ya amuna adzakhala ndi zizindikiro zokhudzana ndi matenda a chlamydia. Mukakhalapo, zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo kupweteka ndi kuyaka panthawi ya kukodza komanso nthawi yowakodza. Pakhoza kukhala kufiira, kutupa, ndi kuyabwa pozungulira kutseguka kwa mbolo, komanso kuchotsa ku mbolo (zomwe zingakhale zosiyana kuchokera kumadzi ndi madzi obiriwira ndi achikasu).
Kupweteka ndi kutsekedwa kungayambenso. Matendawa akamapita ku epididymis, amatha kupweteka ndi kutupa m'matenda amodzi kapena onse awiri.
Zizindikiro Zina (Zonse Zogonana)
Matenda a Chlamydia angathenso kupatsirana pogonana pogonana kapena kugonana.
Ndi kugonana kwa abambo, zizindikiro za matenda zingaphatikizepo ululu wamagazi, kutuluka m'magazi, kutuluka, komanso kumverera kwa matumbo (tenesmus) osakwanira.
Kutumiza pa nthawi yogonana kumalimbikitsa zizindikiro zomwe zimafanana ndi mzere wa mmimba kapena matayiriti. Pa kafukufuku wina wa madera akumidzi ku United States, anapeza kuti 4 peresenti ya amayi, 1.6 peresenti ya amuna, ndi 12 peresenti ya amuna omwe agonana ndi amuna (MSM) anali ndi chlamydia yochuluka. Kafukufuku wina apeza kuti chiwerengero cha chlamydia m'makina a MSM ndi 3 peresenti mpaka 10 peresenti ndipo 0,5 peresenti ndi 2.3 peresenti.
Zimayambitsa / Kutumiza
Matenda a chlamydia amtunduwu amayamba ndi ma serovars (mitundu ya bachlaia ya chlamydia) D kupyolera mu K. Pali mitundu ina ya chlamydia yomwe imakhala yofala kwambiri ku United States.
Chlamydia imafalitsidwa kupyolera mwachinsinsi (osati kukhudza khungu ndi khungu monga matenda ena opatsirana pogonana, matenda opatsirana pogonana). Kusakaniza sikoyenera kufalitsa matenda. Zizindikiro, zikachitika, kawirikawiri zimawonekera patangotha masabata atatu pambuyo poonekera, ngakhale mavuto monga PID angathe kuchitika patapita nthawi. Mabakiteriya angathenso kulengezedwa kuchokera kwa mayi kupita kwa khanda pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa amayi.
Chlamydia imachita zambiri ngati kachilombo kusiyana ndi bakiteriya m'njira zina ndipo imakhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, kutanthauza kuti imayenera kukhala mkati mwa maselo aumunthu kukhalabe amoyo.
Kudziwa
Chlamydia ikhoza kudandaula chifukwa cha zizindikiro kapena thupi, koma zingakhale zovuta kusiyanitsa chlamydia ku matenda ena opatsirana pogonana (monga gonorrhea ) pogwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro zokha. Kuyezetsa kofunikira kumafunika kuti apange chlamydia matenda .
Matenda ambiri amapangidwa kudzera mu kuyesera nthawi zonse, monga panthawi yoyezetsa magazi pachaka. Matendawa akhoza kutha kwa miyezi kapena zaka asanatuluke kupatula ngati mayesowa akuchitika.
Kafukufuku wa chlamydia kawirikawiri amapangidwa pambuyo pa katswiri wa zachipatala akuwona mbiri yachipatala (kuphatikizapo mbiri ya kufotokozera ndi kugonana), amayesa kuyeza thupi, amayendetsa mayeso a mkodzo kapena, monga njira ina mwa amayi, mayesero omwe amasonkhanitsidwa Kuchokera pa kugwedezeka kwa khola lamtambo kapena kumaliseche.
Kuwunika
Popeza chlamydia nthawi zambiri imakhala yotsegula, kuyang'anitsitsa nthawi zonse kumalimbikitsidwa. Izi zikuphatikizapo kufufuza chaka ndi chaka kwa amayi ogonana omwe ali ndi zaka 25 ndi pansi, ndi akazi achikulire omwe ali ndi zifukwa zoopsa .
Malangizo a MSM opatsirana pogonana amalimbikitsanso kufufuza nthawi zonse kwa chlamydia-osachepera pachaka kapena biannual, malinga ndi chiopsezo. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuyesedwa kwa mmero, mkodzo, ndi rectum, pamodzi ndi matenda ena opatsirana pogonana (hepatitis B, hepatitis C, ndi syphilis).
Ogonana m'masiku 60 otsiriza ayenera kuyang'ananso (ndi kuchiritsidwa) nthawi iliyonse pamene chlamydia imapezeka.
Chlamydia ndi matenda odziwika bwino padziko lonse ndipo malipoti ndi ofunika kumvetsa zambiri za matendawa.
Chithandizo
Chlamydia imachizidwa ndi mankhwala oletsa mankhwala; pakalipano palibe zogwira ntchito zowonjezera kapena mankhwala a kunyumba. Pali mankhwala othandizira komanso njira zina zomwe mungasankhire anthu akuluakulu komanso amayi apakati.
Muyenera kutenga mankhwala onse omwe mukufunikira kuti muchotse mabakiteriya, ndipo malemba sayenera kugawidwa. Monga taonera, onse ogonana nawo masiku 60 asanatengedwenso ayenera kuchiritsidwa.
Ndikoyenera kuti anthu asamagonana kwa masiku asanu ndi awiri mutatha mankhwala.
Mavuto
Pali zovuta zingapo zomwe zingatheke ngati chlamydia yatsalidwa:
Akazi
Chovuta kwambiri pakati pa amayi ndi PID , vuto lomwe limapezeka 10 peresenti mpaka 15 peresenti ya amayi osaphunzitsidwa. Kuwonjezera pa kukhumudwitsa, matendawa amatha kuvulaza miyendo yam'mbali ndi zozungulira, zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwapakhosi, kusabereka, ndi mimba yotchedwa Ectopic (tubal), yomwe imayambitsa matenda.
Matenda a Chlamydia angathe kuonjezera chiopsezo chotenga kapena kutulutsa HIV.
Amuna
Matenda omwe amapita ku epididymis mwa amuna amatha kuyambitsa zowawa. Izi zingachititse kuvutika kosatha komanso kuthekera kwa kusabereka. Kawirikawiri, amuna amatha kukhala ndi matenda a kutukumula pamodzi kapena angapo, kutupa kwa urethra, kapena kutupa kwa diso (kale lomwe limadziwika kuti Reiter's syndrome).
Mofanana ndi amayi, chlamydia ikhozanso kuonjezera chiopsezo cha munthu kuti apange kapena kufalikira HIV.
Azimayi Oyembekezera
Matenda osadziwika pamene ali ndi mimba ali ndi chiwerengero chapamwamba cha kubadwa msanga komanso kubereka. Ana omwe amabadwa kwa amayi omwe ali ndi chlamydia osatulutsidwa akhoza kuyamba matenda opatsirana kapena chibayo.
Anthu Amene Amagonana Amagonana
Kuchuluka kwa kachilomboka chifukwa cha matenda a chlamydia kungayambitse kupweteka kwachilombo kosawerengeka, ndipo kawirikawiri, fistula.
Kupewa
Mofanana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana, njira yabwino yopezera chlamydia ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kondomu pokhapokha ngati muli ndi nthawi yaitali, mgwirizano wamodzi ndi munthu amene ayesedwa ndipo alibe zotsatira.
Miyoyo yomwe ili yothandiza ikuphatikizapo:
- Kulepheretsa chiwerengero chanu chogonana
- Kukhala ndi "zokambirana" za matenda opatsirana pogonana / STD musanagonane
- Kuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse.
Ndikofunika kupewa kupeleka, chifukwa izi zikhoza kuonjezera chiopsezo cha amayi omwe ali ndi kachirombo ka HIV.
Other Chlamydial Syndromes
Pali mitundu iwiri ya matenda a chlamydial kuphatikizapo matenda opatsirana a chiberekero, ngakhale kuti izi si zachilendo ku United States.
Lymphogranuloma Venereum: Chlamydia imayambitsanso matenda opatsirana pogonana otchedwa lymphogranuloma venereum , omwe ali ndi zizindikiro zosiyana kwambiri ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana a chlamydia. Zakale zakhala zikuganiziridwa ngati chikhalidwe chomwe chikupezeka m'mayiko achitatu, koma chiwerengero chake chikuwonjezeka padziko lonse, kuphatikizapo ku United States. Zimakhala zofala kwambiri mu MSM, ndipo zizindikirozo zimafanana ndi chisa . Zimayamba chifukwa cha chlamydia serovars (mitundu) L1, L2, ndi L3.
Trachoma: Trachoma ndi matenda a maso omwe amachititsa mabakiteriya a chlamydia otchedwa serovars A kupyolera C. Mosiyana ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana ndi malungo a lymphogranuloma venereum, trachoma sichiwerengedwa ngati matenda opatsirana pogonana. Ngakhale kuti si zachilendo ku United States, ndizo zimayambitsa khungu padziko lonse lapansi. Zimayambitsidwa ndi autoinoculation (pamene anthu amagwira pamwamba okhala ndi mabakiteriya ndikugwira maso awo) ndipo akhoza kufalikira ndi manja, zovala, zogona, kapena ntchentche.
Mawu Ochokera
Kupeza chithandizo cha chlamydia kungakhale kosokoneza, makamaka ngati simukudziwa kumene mwatenga kachilomboka kapena kuti mwatenga nthawi yaitali bwanji. Pali chiopsezo cha matenda opatsirana pogonana / matenda opatsirana pogonana omwe nthawi zambiri amachititsa anthu kumva manyazi, mwinamwake pazochitika zawo zogonana. Kumbukirani kuti chlamydia ndi yofala komanso kuti wothandizira zaumoyo amangoganizira za umoyo wanu. Ngakhale kukhala ndi zibwenzi zambiri ndizoopsa, zimangotenga wokondedwa mmodzi kuti adziwe matenda.
Chlamydia yosadziwika ikhoza kuyambitsa mavuto, ena mwa iwo akhoza kukhala ovuta. Koma mfundo yaikulu ndi yakuti matendawa ndi osavuta kuyesa, ndi ochiritsidwa kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatetezedwa.
> Zotsatira:
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. Chidziwitso cha Chlamydia-CDC (Zowonjezera). Kusinthidwa 10/04/17. https://www.cdc.gov/std/chlamydia/stdfact-chlamydia-detailed.htm
> Zolinga za Kuletsa ndi Kuteteza Matenda. 2015 Mafupa Opatsirana pogonana. Kusinthidwa 10/17/16. https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats15/chlamydia.htm
> Bungwe la Padziko Lonse la Umoyo. Trachoma. Idasinthidwa July 2017. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs382/en/