Nkhuku ya nkhumba
Kuwopsa kwa amphaka kumakhala kofala kwambiri, kumachitika mpaka 25 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi chifuwa. Mphaka zowopsa ndizofala kwambiri kusiyana ndi zotsutsana ndi galu dander , zomwe zingakhale zokhudzana ndi ubwino wa tsitsi la katsamba ndi dander ngati mankhwalawa - ndipo chifukwa amphaka ambiri samatsuka. Madzi akuluakulu a katsamba, Fel d 1 , amapezeka m'matumbo a paka, mu dander kuchokera kumaliseche a khungu, mu ubweya, komanso m'matenda amtundu wambiri.
Matenda ena a paka, kuphatikizapo albumin (mapuloteni akuluakulu m'magazi), amapezeka mu mkodzo, m'magazi, ndi mwazi.
Kudya zakudya , monga nkhumba, nkhumba, nkhuku, ndi mwanawankhosa, ndizosazolowereka - mwina chifukwa chakuti nyama zambiri zophikidwa musadye. Kuphika kumachepetsanso chikhalidwe cha allergenic chothetsera zakudya pothyola mapuloteni omwe amachititsa zotsatirazi : ngati allergen yathyoledwa ndi kutentha, ndiye kuti mankhwala osokoneza bongo (IgE) sakudziwanso mapuloteni, ndipo zotsatira zake sizichitika.
Zomwe zimachititsa kuti anthu azikhala ndi nkhumba nyama ndi nyama zakutchire zakhala zikudziwika. Kawirikawiri, anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la katemera wa khungu angakhalenso oletsedwa kwa nkhumba nyama. Ubwenzi umenewu umatchedwa matenda a nkhumba ndipo umayambitsidwa ndi zofanana za kat albumin ndi albumin ya nkhumba. Chifukwa cha kufanana kwake, ma antibodies omwe amatsutsana ndi khungu la album albin amagwira ndi albumin ya nkhumba.
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mpata amavutika ndi zizindikiro chifukwa cha lalikulu allergen Fel d 1 , choncho sizitsutsana ndi nyama ya nkhumba.
Mosiyana ndi zomwe zimachitika ku galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose - zakudya zamagulu zomwe zimapezeka m'matumbo a mammalian, zomwe zingayambitse kuchepa kwa maola ambiri atatha kudya nyama - zowonongeka kwa nkhumba mu nthendayi ya nkhumba zimachitika mwamsanga pambuyo pa nkhumba. kudya.
Zizindikiro zambiri zimaphatikizapo urticaria / angioedema , matenda odzudzula amlomo , zizindikiro za m'mimba (monga kunyoza, kusanza, ndi kutsekula m'mimba) ndi anaphylaxis . Zakudya zophika (nkhumba) zatsopano kapena zouma ndi kusuta mankhwala a nkhumba zimayambitsa machitidwe ambiri, pamene nyama yophika nkhumba yophika bwino imayambitsa zochepa.
Anthu amakhulupirira kuti matendawa ndi a nkhumba-nkhuku. Munthu amene ali ndi mbiri yokhudza zizindikiro zoopsa zowopsa kwa katemera (monga matenda a rhinitis ndi asthma ) ndipo adziwonetsa zizindikiro za zakudya zowonjezera atadya nkhumba. Kuyezetsa magazi kwa katsamba ndi nkhumba ndibwino ngati kuyesedwa khungu ndi / kapena kuyezetsa magazi.
Chithandizo cha nkhumba ya nkhumba ndikuteteza mwamphamvu nyama iliyonse ya nkhumba. Komabe, ngati zizindikirozo zimachitika, zizindikiro zimathandizidwa mofananamo ndi momwe zakudya zina zimagwiritsira ntchito mankhwala. Chojambulidwa epinephrine chiyenera kuperekedwa kwa munthu aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a nkhumba chifukwa zoopsa komanso zoopsa zimachitika kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vutoli chifukwa cha kudya nyama ya nkhumba.
Ngati munthu ali ndi nkhumba ya nkhumba amapewa kuteteza khungu, ndizotheka kuti katemera wake amatha kuchepa pakapita nthawi, motero kuchepetsedwa kwa nkhumba kudzachepetsanso.
Choncho, n'zotheka kuti munthu amene ali ndi matenda a nkhumba adzatuluka "nkhumba" zake ngati ziweto zikupewa. Ngakhale sindinawonepo kafukufuku wina wotsimikizira kuti mankhwala ndi allergen immunotherapy (pogwiritsa ntchito cat albumin) zingakhale zothandiza kuchepetsa nthendayi ya munthu, izi zingawoneke zotheka.
Chitsime:
Posthumus J, James HR, Lane CJ, Matos LA, Miyala ya Platts TAE, Commins SP. Kufotokozera koyamba kwa Nkhumba-Cat Syndrome ku United States. J Zachilombo Zamtundu wa Immunol. 131 (3): 923-5.