Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi ulcerative colitis, ndondomeko yanu ya mankhwala idzaganiziranso zizindikiro zanu komanso kuti mwatenga nthawi yayitali bwanji. Pa-over-the-counter (OTC) ndi mankhwala ochiritsira angagwiritsidwe ntchito; Zosintha zamoyo zikhoza kulandiridwa, komanso mankhwala othandizira komanso othandizira. Pa milandu yowopsya kwambiri, njira zopaleshoni zothandizira kuchotsa ziwalo zina za coloni zimatha kupereka mpumulo ndi kuchepetsa chiopsezo chokhala ndi khansa yamtundu.
Malemba
Mipingo yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza zizindikiro za ulcerative colitis, yokha kapena kuphatikiza. Ena amatha kutengedwa nthawi zonse, pamene mankhwala ena osokoneza bongo amaperekedwa mwachangu kuti athetse vutoli. Ena mwa iwo akhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwambiri, choncho ndi kofunika kuti muzilankhulana ndi dokotala kuti muone kuopsa kwake.
Anti-inflammatories
Mankhwala osokoneza bongo nthawi zambiri amachiza matenda a ulcerative colitis. Zikuphatikizapo:
- 5-aminosalicylates. Malingana ndi gawo liti la coloni lanu lomwe lakhudzidwa, mukhoza kutenga mawuwa, kapena enema kapena suppository. Zitsanzo zina ndizo sulfasalazine (Azulfidine), mesalamine (Asacol HD, Delzicol, ena), balsalazide (Colazal), ndi olsalazine (Dipentum).
- Corticosteroids. Prednisone ndi hydrocortisone zimagwera m'gulu ili; kaŵirikaŵiri amazisungira zolimbitsa thupi kuti zisawonongeke ndi mankhwala ena, chifukwa cha zotsatira zake zowopsa.
Chitetezo cha mthupi
Mankhwalawa amachititsa kutupa pogwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha chitetezo cha mthupi. Nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa pamodzi. Izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran) ndi mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan). Izi ndizo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito ma immunosuppressants pofuna kuchiza matenda opatsirana. Kuwatenga kumafuna kuti muzitsatira mwatsatanetsatane ndi dokotala wanu komanso kuti magazi anu ayang'ane nthawi zonse kuti ayang'ane zotsatira zoyipa, kuphatikizapo zotsatira pa chiwindi ndi kapangidwe.
- Cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune). Mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri amawasungira anthu omwe sanayankhe bwino mankhwala ena. Cyclosporine imakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa ndipo siigwiritsidwe ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali.
- Infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira) ndi golimumab (Simponi). Mankhwalawa, otchedwa tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, kapena biologics, amagwira ntchito pochepetsa mapuloteni opangidwa ndi chitetezo chanu cha mthupi. Iwo ali ndi anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba zoopsa zomwe samayankha kapena sangathe kulekerera mankhwala ena.
- Vedolizumab (Entyvio). Mankhwalawa posachedwapa adavomerezedwa kuchiza ulcerative colitis kwa anthu omwe samayankha kapena sangathe kulekerera mankhwala ena. Zimagwira ntchito poletsa maselo otupa kuti asafike ku malo otupa.
Maantibayotiki
Mankhwala opha tizilombo amatha kuuzidwa ngati matendawa ali m'matumbo, koma anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda za ulcerative nthawi zina amalangizidwa kuti asagwiritse ntchito maantibayotiki pamene sakusoweka, chifukwa angathe kutsegula m'mimba.
Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti pangakhale kugwirizana pakati pa maantibayotiki ndi chitukuko cha matenda opatsirana (IBD), mtundu umodzi womwe ndi ulcerative colitis. Chiphunzitso ichi sichinasinthidwe, ndi maphunziro owerengeka chabe ndi umboni wosatsutsika wothandizira.
Over-the-Counter (OTC) Mankhwala
Nthawi zonse muziyankhula ndi dokotala musanagule mankhwala OTC. Nazi zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda a zilonda:
- Mankhwala oletsa kutsekula m'mimba. Loperamide (dzina limodzi ndi Imodium), lingathandize ndi kutsegula m'mimba, koma gwiritsani ntchito mosamala, chifukwa izi zingapangitse chiopsezo cha colon yowonjezera (yotchedwa mexicacon toxic).
- Ululu umachepetsa. Dokotala wanu angapangire kuti acetaminophen (Tylenol) amve ululu wofatsa. Pewani ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, ena), naproxen sodium (Aleve), ndi sodium ya diclofenac (Voltaren), yomwe ingadwale kwambiri zizindikiro ndi kuonjezera kuopsa kwa matenda.
- Enemas. Enemas yomwe imakhala ndi butyrate ikhoza kuthandizira kuchiza ulcerative colitis m'magulu otsiriza a coloni (omwe amatchedwa distal ulcerative colitis). Imapezeka ngati enema kapena suppository.
- Iron imathandizira. Ngati muli ndi matenda oyamba m'mimba, mukhoza kukhala ndi kusowa kwa magazi m'thupi; zitsulo zowonjezera zingathandize.
Opaleshoni
Pafupifupi anthu 30 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba amafunika kuchitidwa opaleshoni kuti athandizidwe, kudwala mankhwala oopsa, kapena kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha khansa yamtunda. Nthawi zina opaleshoni yamangozi imafunidwa ngati pali kupweteka kwadzidzidzi kwa colon kapena kutuluka kwa magazi.
Kuchita opaleshoni, yotchedwa colectomy, kumaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwa matumbo akuluakulu (colon). Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya opaleshoni ya colectomy, ndipo izi ndizofala kwambiri pa matenda a ulcerative colitis:
Proctocolectomy ndi leal-anal anastomosis (IPAA)
Mwa njirayi, matumbo akuluakulu ndi ambiri a rectum amachotsedwa, ndipo malo ang'onoang'ono (omwe amatchedwa J-pouch) amapangidwa kuchokera m'mimba mwaing'ono ndipo amamangiriza kumtsinje wotsalira pamwamba pa anus. Chifukwa minofu ya anus (anal sphincter) sichichotsedwa, njirayi imalola anthu kuti azikhalabe olamulira m'mimba mwawo.
Chiwerengero cha proctocolectomy
Kuchita opaleshoniyi kumaphatikizapo kuchotsedwa kwathunthu kwa matumbo aakulu, rectum, ndi anus, ndipo amachiritsa mwangozi zilonda zam'mimba ndi kuthetsa chiopsezo cha khansa yamtunda. Komabe, chifukwa rectum ndi anus achotsedwa, uyenera kukhala ndi ileostomy yosatha. Mu leostomy, dokotala wochita opaleshoni amachititsa mapeto a gawo laling'ono kwambiri la matumbo (ileum) kudzera kutsegula m'mimba (stoma). Anthu omwe ali ndi leostomy ayenera nthawi zonse kuvala thumba la pulasitiki (ileostomy bag) pazitseko kuti atenge chotsitsacho.
Inu ndi dokotala wanu mungakambirane zomwe mungachite kuti mukhale ndi zizindikiro zenizeni, ndikukhala ndi thanzi labwino, komanso moyo wanu komanso zomwe mumakonda.
Mankhwala Othandizira Ena
Ngakhale kuti ena mwa mankhwalawa amakhulupirira kuti ndi othandiza kuthetsa zizindikiro, palibe amene adapeza kafukufuku wamakono. Nazi zitatu zomwe zayamba kukopa chidwi cha akatswiri azachipatala:
Mapulojekiti
Zimakhulupirira kuti maantibiobio ndi opindulitsa poyang'anira matenda a zilonda zam'mimba komanso matenda ena osapitirira. Mabakiteriya awa "okoma" amatha kulamulira mabakiteriya owopsa pamene amachepetsa kutupa ndi kukonzanso kutsekemera kotetezera m'matumbo. Amaonedwa ngati otetezeka popanda zotsatira zoopsa.
Aloe vera gel
Aloe vera gel wapezeka mu maphunziro kuti azitsutsa-kutentha kwa anthu omwe ali ndi zilonda zam'mimba. Chiyeso chimodzi chosaoneka bwino, choyang'ana mwachangu, chinaphunzira kuti gel osamalidwa bwino ali ndi anthu makumi atatu tsiku ndi tsiku, 100 ml mlingo. Pambuyo pa milungu inayi, kuchipatala kunapezeka anthu asanu ndi anayi (30 peresenti), kupititsa patsogolo kuchipatala kunawonetsedwa mu 11 (37 peresenti), ndipo kuchitidwa kwachipatala kunapezeka 14 (47 peresenti).
Boswellia
Boswellia ndi mankhwala omwe amachokera ku mtundu wina wa ku India. Zosakaniza zowonjezera zomwe zimapezeka mu utomoni wa makungwa ndipo zimakhulupirira kuti zimakhala ndi zotsatira zolimba zotsutsa zotupa. Kuchokera mmenemo, Boswellia imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira matenda monga kutupa nyamakazi koma popanda kupwetekedwa m'mimba kawirikawiri kumawonedwa ndi kupweteka kwapadera.
Kumbukirani kuti zowonjezereka ndi mitundu ina ya njira zochiritsira zosagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana sizinayesedwe mozama pofuna chitetezo kwa amayi apakati, amayi oyamwitsa, ana, kapena anthu omwe ali ndi matenda. Ngakhale pali njira zowonjezeramo zakudya zowonjezera, siziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo ochizira chithandizo chamankhwala. Nthaŵi zonse muuzeni wothandizira zaumoyo wanu za mankhwala owonjezera, zitsamba, kapena mankhwala a homeopathic omwe mungakhale nawo.
Zothetsera Pakhomo ndi Njira Zamoyo
Kusintha kwa zakudya zanu ndi moyo wanu kungakuthandizeni kuthetsa zizindikiro zanu ndi kuchepetsa nthawi pakati pa zolaula. Mukhoza kupeza mpumulo ku matenda a zilonda zam'mimba mwa kutsatira njira zotsatirazi:
- Lambitsani mankhwala a mkaka. Mavuto monga kutsekula m'mimba, ululu m'mimba, ndi gasi zingapindule mwa kuchepetsa kapena kuthetsa mkaka. Mutha kukhala lactose osasamala - ndiko kuti, thupi lanu silingakope shuga mkaka (lactose) mu zakudya za mkaka. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala enzyme monga Lactaid angathandizenso.
- Limbani fiber. Zakudya zapamwamba, monga zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi mbewu zonse, zingayambitse matenda anu. Ngati zipatso zobiriwira ndi ndiwo zamasamba zikukuvutitsani, yesetsani kuziphika. (Chakudya mu banja la kabichi, monga broccoli ndi kolifulawa, chingakhale chakukhumudwitsa kwambiri.)
- Yesani nsomba zonenepa. Omega-3 fatty acids, mafuta abwino omwe amapezeka mu salimoni ndi mackeral, amatha kutupa ndipo amachepetsa zizindikiro za ulcerative colitis.
- Pewani zakudya zokometsera, mowa, ndi caffeine. Izi zingachititse kuti zizindikiro zanu ziwonjezere.
- Idya zakudya zazing'ono. Zakudya zisanu ndi zisanu kapena zisanu ndi chimodzi patsiku m'malo mwa ziwiri kapena zitatu zikuluzikulu zingakuthandizeni kukumba mosavuta komanso moyenera.
> Zotsatira:
> Fedorak, R. "Mapulojekiti mu Ulamuliro wa Ulcerative Colitis." J Clin Gastroenterol. 2015 Nov-Dec; 49 Suppl 1 >: S50-5 >. > doi >: 10.1097 / MCG.0000000000000368.
> Chipatala cha Mayo, Ulcerative Colitis.
> Merck Manual, Ogulitsa Mabaibulo. Ulcerative Colitis.
> Sutherland LR, Martin F, Greer S, et al. "5-Aminosalicylic Acid Enema mu Treatment of Distal Ulcerative Colitis, Proctosigmoiditis, ndi Proctitis." Gastroenterology 1987; 92: 1894-1898. 5 Oct 2010. doi: 10.1016 / 0016-5085 (87) 90621-4