Pamene Wokondedwa Wanu Ali ndi Mtima Kulephera
Kupeza kuti wokondedwa wanu ali ndi mtima wolephera kungakhale kovuta kwa inu nonse. Kulephera kwa mtima ndi matenda aakulu (mawu akuti "mtima kulephera" amadziwika kuti amawopsya mokwanira), omwe amatha kuchititsa zizindikiro zina zosasangalatsa komanso kuchepetsa nthawi ya moyo. Nthaŵi zambiri zimakhala vuto lalikulu lomwe nthawi zambiri limatha, komabe silikutha.
Kulephera kwa mtima ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kwambiri moyo wa munthu amene ali nawo-komanso moyo wa okondedwa omwe adzakhale nawo ndi kumusamalira.
Momwe munthu amachitira bwino ndi kulephera kwa mtima kumadalira zinthu zingapo, kuphatikizapo mtundu wa vuto la mtima lomwe limapangitsa mtima kusalowanso, kulandira chithandizo chamankhwala chabwino, komanso kuthandizidwa ndi wokondedwa kunyumba.
Kukhala wothandizira munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima kungakhale kovuta, nthawi zina, koma kungakhalenso mphoto yokhayokha kwa inu ndi wokondedwa wanu amene mukuwasamalira. Komabe, zotsatira zabwino kwambiri sizinafikidwe mwa kudzidalira kosadziwika; M'malo mosiyana, mudzakhala mukukondana ndi wokondedwa wanu ngati mutatsimikizira kuti mukuzisamalira zosowa zanu.
Pano pali malangizo omwe angakuthandizeni kuthandizira wokondedwa wanu ndi mtima wolephera.
Zimene muyenera kuyembekezera
Aliyense amene ali ndi vuto la mtima ndi wosiyana, kotero kuyembekezera mtundu wina wa chidziwitso ndi wokondedwa wanu ndi mtima kulephera sikungakhale ngati momwe mukuganizira.
Anthu ambiri amene amangozindikira kuti ali ndi mtima wolephera-ngati matendawa athazikika ndi madokotala, ndipo malinga ngati iwo ali achipembedzo pakutsata malamulo awo a zachipatala ndi kukonza miyoyo yawo - nthawi zambiri amayembekezera nthawi yaitali yomwe angapite miyoyo yawo molimbika kwambiri.
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la mtima akhoza ngakhale kuchira kwathunthu, ngati matenda a mtima amayamba kuchoka kwathunthu. ( Kupanikizika kwa mtima ndi vuto linalake.)
Kwa ena, ngati chikhalidwe cha mtima chomwe chikupangitsa mtima kusagonjetsedwa kwambiri, kapena ngati chikukulirakulira mosasamala kanthu za chithandizo cha zamankhwala, chipatala chovuta kwambiri chimayamba. Angakhale ndi zizindikiro zosalekeza kapena zowonjezereka, ndipo amatha kukhala ndi "zigawo" zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuti mtima ukhale wodwalayo.
Ndipo anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima amakhala ndi zochitika zapadera zomwe zimakhala pakati pazinthu ziwirizi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amamva bwino kwambiri ndi zina zomwe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri zomwe zimafuna njira zina zachipatala.
Pokhala wosamalira, cholinga choyenera ndi kuchita zomwe mungathe kuti muthandize wokondedwa wanu kuti akhalebe wolimba pamene mtima sukulephera, komanso kuzindikira zizindikiro kuti zinthu zitha kutayika, kotero kuti chithandizo chamankhwala chamakono chikhoza ayitanidwe kuti abwezeretse zinthu mmbuyo.
Pachifukwa ichi, zidzakhala bwino kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso chachikulu cha mtima wosalongosoka ndi mankhwala ake.
Kumvetsa Kulephera kwa Mtima
"Kulephera kwa mtima" kumangotanthauza kuti mtundu wina wa matenda a mtima wapangitsa kuti mtima usapitirire ndi zofunikira zonse za thupi pansi pazochitika zonse.
Pafupifupi mtundu uliwonse wa matenda a mtima ungathe kufooketsa mtima, kuphatikizapo (pakati pa ena) matenda a mitsempha yamtenda (CAD) , matenda a mtima wa valvular , matenda , matenda oopsa , hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , kapena kuwonongeka kwa diastolic .
Zifukwa zosiyanasiyana zimayambitsa mitundu yosiyana ya mtima. Mwachitsanzo, CAD, aortic regurgitation , retral regurgitation , matenda a tizilombo, ndi zina zambiri zikhalidwe zimatulutsa mtima kuchepa mtima - kufooka kwa mtima minofu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sitingagwirizane bwino.
Kumbali ina, aortic stenosis, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, matenda oopsa, ndi kutayika kwa diastolic zingayambitse kutentha (hypertrophy) kapena "kuuma" kwa minofu ya mtima yomwe imalepheretsa kwambiri kupopera zipinda za mtima (zotupa) kuti zisadzaze kwathunthu.
Mitundu yosiyana ya kulephera kwa mtima nthawi zambiri imathandizidwa mosiyana. Choncho nkofunika kuti madokotala azidziwa molondola zomwe zikupangitsa mtima kulephera kuti athe kupanga njira zoyenera.
Ndibwino kuti wothandizira akhale ndi chidziwitso chachikulu cha vuto lomwe likupangitsa mtima kulephera, ndipo mankhwala omwe akuwongolera akuwunikira onse kuti athandizidwe ndi zomwe zimayambitsa vuto komanso mtima womwe ukulephera.
Komabe, zilizonse zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mtima, ndipo ngati wokondedwa wanu ali ndi mtima wofooka ali wofooka, minofu yowonongeka ya mtima kapena yowuma, minofu yokhuthala, pali mitundu iwiri yambiri ya mavuto omwe amachititsa mtima kusalankhula komwe kumabweretsa zizindikiro.
Choyamba, kulephera kwa mtima kungayambitse magazi kubwerera m'mbuyo, kutulutsa mpweya wamapapu ndi kutupa kwa minofu.
Ndipo chachiŵiri, kuchuluka kwa magazi kupumidwa ndi mtima kungachepetse, kuchititsa impso kuleka kugwira ntchito bwinobwino. Ntchito yochuluka ya impso ingayambitse impso kusunga mchere ndi madzi, zomwe zimayambitsa kupweteka kwambiri (edema) kumapazi, miyendo ndi mimba.
Zizindikiro zazikulu za kufooka kwa mtima zimagwirizana ndi mpungidwe wamapapu, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa magazi mtima umatha kupopera, komanso kusungidwa kwa mchere ndi madzi. Zizindikiro zazikuluzi ndi mpweya wochepa ( dyspnea ), kutopa, kusachita masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndi edema. Kuwopsa kwa zizindikirozi kungakhale kosavuta kufikira kovuta-ndipo akhoza kusintha tsiku ndi tsiku. Kusunga mwatsatanetsatane wa kuopsa kwa zizindikiro kungakhale kothandiza pozindikira kusintha kwakukulu kwa mtima wosalimba. Werengani zambiri za zizindikiro za mtima wosalimba .
Mmene Mungathandizire
Pali zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe wothandizira angachite kuti athandize wokondedwa ndi mtima kulephera kupeŵa zizindikiro zomvetsa chisoni za mtima wosalephereka, komanso kusintha zotsatira zake za nthawi yaitali. Izi zikuphatikizapo
- kuthandiza munthu ndi kulephera kwa mtima kukhazikitsa ndi kusunga kusintha kwa moyo komwe kumapindulitsa mtima wawo
- kuwathandiza kuti azikhala ndi ndondomeko yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala yovuta
- kuthandizira kuyang'anira miyeso ya tsiku ndi tsiku ndi zizindikiro zomwe zingasonyeze kuti mtima ukule ukuwonjezereka
- kuzindikira nthawi yoti aitane dokotala kapena kupita kuchipatala
Ngati ndiwe woyamwitsa wamkulu, muyenera kudziyesa kuti ndinu gawo la gulu la thanzi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti muyenera kupita kwa madotolo kukacheza ndi wokondedwa wanu mukakhala kotheka, mvetserani kufotokozera, ndikufunsani mafunso. Monga mtsogoleri wapamtima, ndikofunika kuti mutenge nawo mbali pazomwe mukutsutsana.
Kuthandizana Ndi Kusintha kwa Moyo
Kukhazikitsa moyo wanu ndikofunika kwambiri kwa aliyense amene akufuna kupewa matenda a mtima. Kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima, nkhani za moyo ndizofunikira kwambiri. Kusankha bwino kwabwino sikuti "kungokhala" kuteteza munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima-amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lolephera.
Makamaka ngati mukugawana malo okhala ndi munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima, njira yabwino yothandizira ndi kusintha kwa moyo wanu ndikutengera kusintha kumeneku, ndikuziphatikiza pazochitika za tsiku ndi tsiku kwa aliyense m'banja. Kusintha kumeneku kumaphatikizapo kudya, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, komanso osasuta.
Wokondedwa wanu adzafunika kukambirana chakudya choyenera ndi dokotala yemwe akuwathandiza kuchepetsa mtima wawo, koma anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi mtima wathanzi ayenera kukhala ndi zakudya zamitundu ya Mediterranean, omwe ali ndi zipatso zambiri ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mbewu zonse, komanso mafuta abwino (monga mafuta a mafuta) m'malo mwa mafuta odzaza, pamene amapewa zakudya zambiri zowonongeka, zakudya zowonongeka (makamaka zakudya zophikidwa). Mtundu umenewu wa zakudya ndi wabwino kwambiri kwa aliyense.
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, komabe, ayenera kukhala osamala kwambiri za kuchepetsa mchere , chifukwa mchere wochuluka umaipitsa edema ndi dyspnea yawo. Tengani saltshaker kutali ndi gome, ndi kudula mchere mukakophika. Apanso, kupewa zakudya zowonongeka ndi zofunika kwambiri kuti musamadye zakudya zamchere.
Kusuta kumawononga kwambiri mtima, ndipo nthawi zonse munthu akayamba kuyang'ana akuyambitsa kusintha kwakukulu kwa mitsempha yawo yamagazi. Kwa munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, kupitirizabe kusuta kudzakulitsa kuchuluka kwa magulu a mtima wosagonjetsedwa, ndipo kudzachepetsa moyo wautali. Thandizani wokondedwa wanu kusiya kusuta , ngati iye akusuta. Ngati mumasuta nokha, kusiya kwanu kudzakhala kothandiza kwambiri pothandiza wokondedwa wanu kusiya.
Kumbukirani kuti anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima nthawi zambiri amatha kutopa mosavuta kuposa momwe mungayembekezere. Konzani zochita zanu ndi munthuyu molingana. Mulole nthawi yochulukirapo pa zinthu zomwe muyenera kuchita, ndi nthawi zina zochita ndi nthawi yopumula. Yesani molimba momwe simungathe kuwonetsera kuleza mtima pamene zinthu zikuyenda pang'onopang'ono kuposa momwe mungafunire.
Pa nthawi yomweyi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi n'kofunika kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima. Choncho amalimbikitseni zochitika zomwe wokondedwa wanu angathe kuchita popanda kutopa kapena dyspnea. Inu ndi wokondedwa wanu muyenera kufunsa dokotala ngati pulogalamu ya kukonzanso zolimbitsa thupi ingakhale yothandiza pakuwathandiza kuyamba.
Kuwathandiza Ndi Mankhwala
Anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima nthawi zambiri amatenga mankhwala ambiri, ndipo ndizofunikira kuti apeze mapiritsi omwe akuwatenga. Kawirikawiri ndibwino kuti osowa amulekerere munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima kukhala mtsogoleri wamkulu wa mankhwala awo -koma kawirikawiri nthawi zambiri ndibwino kuti muwone kawiri. Kugwiritsira ntchito mabokosi a mapiritsi kapena tchati kumapangitsa kuti aliyense azindikire zomwe zatengedwa ndi zomwe zaphonya.
Zimathandiza kwambiri munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima komanso wothandizira kuti amvetse bwino zomwe mapiritsi onse ali nazo, ndipo ndi njira ziti zomwe ziyenera kuthandizidwa ngati mlingo wa mankhwala enawo ukusowa pazifukwa zina. Kumvetsetsa madongosolo a mankhwala ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zofunika kwambiri zomwe wothandizira ayenera kutenga nawo mbali pazipatala ngati kuli kotheka.
Kuwunika Zisonyezero-Nthawi Yomwe Ufunsira Thandizo
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la mtima, zizindikiro zimakhala ngati sera ndipo zimadutsa nthawi, ndipo masiku ena amakhala abwino kuposa ena. Pambuyo pake, ambiri osamalira amakhala omasuka kuzindikira "tsiku losadziwika bwino," ndipo amangofuna kuti wokondedwa wawo asamavutike kwambiri pa masiku oipawo.
Koma nthawi zina, kungodzipezera tsiku kapena zochepa sikokwanira. Nthawi zina zidzakhala zofunikira kuti munthu amene ali ndi mtima wokhoza kuona dokotala wawo, kapena kupita ku chipinda chodzidzimutsa. Kwa wotsogolera, podziwa nthawi yopempha thandizo nthawi zina sakhala wolimba mtima, koma nthawi zina kudzakhala chiyeso cha chiweruzo. Koma popeza ndi mtima wa wokondedwa wanu womwe mukulimbana naye, ngati pali funso lirilonse loti apange foni (ku ofesi ya dokotala kapena 911), chitani chomwecho.
Ndibwino kuyang'anira zizindikiro za wokondedwa wanu tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikulembera zizindikirozi pa tchati kapena diary. Ndikofunika kufufuza mlingo wa dyspnea wawo, deti lawo la kutopa ndi mphamvu, ndi kuchuluka kwa kutupa komwe kumakhala ndi miyendo kapena mabotolo. Afunseni momwe anagona m'mawa uliwonse. Kodi iwo amamva kupuma pang'ono pamene amagona usiku? Kodi anadzuka usiku atamva kupuma pang'ono? Onetsetsani mmene amaonekera pamene akuyendayenda, kapena pamene akuyankhula. Kulemba zinthu izi tsiku ndi tsiku kudzakuthandizani kuona zochitika pa nthawi.
Kuyeza kulemera kwake tsiku ndi tsiku (pafupifupi nthawi yomweyo, kuvala za zovala zofanana, ndi chikhodzodzo chopanda kanthu) n'kopindulitsa. Kusungidwa kwa magetsi kumawonekera ngati phindu lolemera (nthawi zambiri, masiku angapo), iwe kapena wokondedwa wako sungakhoze kuona kalikonse kowonjezera kapena dyspnea.
Pali nthawi ziwiri zowonjezereka pamene muyenera kupeza thandizo lachipatala kwa wokondedwa wanu. Choyamba, imbani 911 ngati akuvutika kwambiri ndi dyspnea, kupweteka pachifuwa kapena kupweteka , kupweteka kwambiri, syncope , kapena chizindikiritso china chilichonse chomwe chikuwoneka chochititsa mantha kapena chovuta. Muyenera kukhala osakayikira kuitana 911 mosafunikira. Ngati muli ndi nkhawa kapena mukudandaula, dinani.
Chachiwiri, aitanani dokotala ngati muwona momwe mumayendera pa nthawi yomwe ikuwoneka yovuta. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuwonjezereka kwa masiku awiri kapena atatu, kuwonjezereka koopsa kwa dyspnea, kuwonjezeka kwa edema wa mwendo, kapena kutopa kwambiri kapena kutopa kuposa momwe mukuganizira kuti ndizochitika. Zonsezi zikhoza kukhala zizindikiro kuti kulephera kwa mtima wa wokondedwa wanu kukukulirakulira, ndipo kuti chiwonongeko chovuta chikhoza kukhala pambali pangodya. Ngati adziwa za kusintha, dokotala nthawi zambiri amatha kusintha zinthu powasintha kanthawi.
Kudzisamalira Nokha
Simudzakhala wothandizira wodalirika pokhapokha mutasamalira zosowa zanu. Ngati mukudwala, kukhumudwitsidwa, kapena kuwotchedwa, palibe amene amapambana.
Yambani pofufuza njira yanu yothandizira. Kodi ndi mamembala ati ndi abwenzi omwe ali okhoza komanso okonzeka kulowa? Adziwe, ndipo aloleni iwo athandizidwe.
Kusamalira munthu yemwe ali ndi vuto la mtima sikuyenera kukhala ngati kugwira ntchito molimbika monga kusamalira munthu amene wakhala (mwachitsanzo) matenda opweteka kwambiri, kapena kuti dementia. Kotero musalole kuti izo zikhale zowonongeka konse. Anthu ambiri okhala ndi mtima wolephera akhoza kukonza chakudya chophweka, kutumiza makalata, kupita ku bafa, kapena ngakhale kutsuka zovala. Kawirikawiri ayenera kulimbikitsidwa kuchita zinthu zoterezi. Ndipo kawirikawiri samafunikanso kufufuza 24/7. Choncho, mukapenda kafukufuku wanu tsiku ndi tsiku simukuwonetsa zizindikiro kapena zozizwitsa zoopsa, mukhoza kukhala mu "nthawi" ina.
Tengani zopuma za tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo wina akakuwuzeni tsiku limodzi pa sabata kapena, ngati n'kotheka. Pitirizani ndi zofuna zanu, zosangalatsa zanu komanso malo anu ochezera a pa Intaneti, monga njira yothetsera nkhawa. Pezani mokwanira, mugwiritse ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi, ndipo mudye zakudya zabwino. Kusunga thanzi lanu, kuphatikizapo umoyo wanu ndi maganizo anu, ndikofunikira ngati mutakhala wothandizira bwino.
Mawu Ochokera
Kulephera kwa mtima ndizovuta kwa aliyense-kwa munthu amene ali ndi vuto la mtima, kwa dokotala, ndi kwa wosamalira. Wotsogolera wogwira mtimayo amvetsetsa zofunikira zokhudzana ndi kulephera kwa mtima, ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe muyenera kuziyembekezera ndi zomwe muyenera kuyembekezera, ndi nthawi yopempha thandizo. Mwina chofunika kwambiri ndi chakuti, omwe amawasamalira bwino ndi omwe amasamalira kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.
> Zotsatira:
> Ponikowski P, Voors AA, Anker SD, et al. 2016 Zotsatira za ESC Zokhudza Kuzindikira ndi Chithandizo cha Kulephera kwa Mtima ndi Mtima Wopanda Moyo: Ntchito Yogwira Ntchito ndi Kuchiza Mtima Wopweteka ndi Wopweteka Mtima wa European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Yapangidwa ndi Mphatso Yapadera ya Heart Failure Association (HFA ) a ESC. Mtima; 37: 2129.
> Yambani CW, Jessup M, Bozkurt B, et al. 2013 ACCF / AHA Malangizo a Kulamulira kwa Mtima Wosatha: Chidule Chachidule: Lipoti la American College of Cardiology Foundation / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2013; 128: 1810.