Vuvu yothamanga ikhoza kuwononga mtima ndi kulephera
Kubwerera kwa Mitral kumachitika pamene mtima wa mitral wa mtima sukutseka bwino, kulola kuti magazi abwere (regurgitate) kubwerera mu chipinda cha mtima. Kubwezeretsa kwa Mitral sikumangokhala kosavomerezeka kwambiri pamagetsi, kungakhale kovuta kwambiri kuunika ndi kuchiza.
Kumvetsetsa Mitral Kubwezeretsa
Mitsempha ya mitral imasiyanitsa mtima wa kumanzere wochokera kumtima kuchokera kumapeto kwa ventricle.
Pamene mgwirizano wa kumanzere wotsekemera, wotchi imatsegulira kulola kuti magazi alowe kumanzere. Pamene makontrakita otsekemera a ventricle, valavu imatseka kuti asatenge msana wa magazi.
Mu mitral regurgitation, malo otsekemera othamanga amaphatikizapo mtima pamtundu umene ungapangitse kuwonjezeka kwa minofu ya mtima komanso nthawi yaitali, kuwonongeka kosasinthika.
Pali zifukwa zambiri zomwe zimatha kutsogolo:
- Kuthamanga kwa Mitral valve (kuthamanga kwa valavu "zitseko")
- Endocarditis (kuphatikizapo matenda a valves yamtima)
- Matenda a myocardial (matenda a mtima)
- Kusokonezeka kwa mtima (kukulitsa mtima)
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (kuphulika kwa minofu ya mtima)
- Matenda a mtima wa rheumatic (omwe amapezeka m'mayiko osauka)
Zovuta za Mitration Kubwerera
Kubwerera kwa Mitral kawirikawiri ndi matenda aakulu omwe amapita pang'onopang'ono pazaka zambiri. Panthawiyi, kupanikizidwa kwa atrium kumanzere kudzawonjezereka chifukwa cha magazi owonjezera omwe amabwereranso m'chipindamo.
Pakapita nthawi, kupanikizika kumeneku kumapangitsa mtima kukulitsa. Izi zikachitika, munthu nthawi zambiri amakumana:
- Dyspnea (kupuma pang'ono)
- Matenda a atrial (mtima wosagwirizana komanso wofulumira)
- Syncope (kutaya)
Kubwezeretsa mitral kwachilendo kumapangitsanso mavuto ena kumbali yakumanzere, kumakakamiza kuti azigwira ntchito molimbika kuti ayambe kupopera magazi m'thupi.
Ntchito yowonjezera ikhoza kupangitsa kuti minofu ikhale yowonongeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kukulitsa ndipo, nthawi zina, mtima wosalimba. Panthawi yomwe izi zimachitika, minofu imakhala yoonongeka mosalekeza, ndikupangitsanso kuti valavuyi ikhale yoopsa kwambiri.
Nthawi zambiri, mitral regurgitation ingayambe mwadzidzidzi, kawirikawiri panthawi ya matenda a mtima a vuto lalikulu la endocarditis. Ngati izi zichitika, zimayambitsa pulmonary edema (kumangiriza madzi m'mapapo) komanso kuwononga magazi. Kubwezeretsedwa kwa mitral nthawi zonse kumatengedwa ngati chithandizo chachipatala ndipo, ngati chisanachitike mwamsanga, kukhoza kufa.
Kuchiza Mitral Kubwezera
Kuchiza kwa mitral kubwezeretsedwa kudzadalira makamaka pa siteji ya matenda ndi mkhalidwe wa mtima wokha. Popeza ndi vuto lomwe limakhudza makina a valve, chithandizochi chidzachitika nthawi zambiri kusiyana ndi kuchitidwa opaleshoni.
Njira ziwiri zopangira opaleshoni zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana:
- Kupita kwa valve ya Mitral kumaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yopangidwa ndi munthu kapena valve yamtima yotengedwa kuchokera ku nyama (kawirikawiri nkhumba). Ngakhale onse awiri atha kugwira ntchito mofanana, kutsekemera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi magetsi komanso kumafuna mankhwala osapatsirana kuti azichepetsa magazi. Koma, ma valve opangidwa ndi mawotchi amatha nthawi yaitali kuti athe kukhala oyenerera kwa odwala ochepera zaka 65.
- Kukonzekera kwa miyendo ya Mitral kumafuna dokotalayo kuti ayambitsenso valavuyo kuti achepetse kapena kuthetsa kubwezeretsa. Ndi njira yusowa yofuna katswiri wodziwa bwino kwambiri. Zonsezi, imfa chifukwa cha opaleshoni kawirikawiri imachepa kusiyana ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito valve ndipo imapereka nthawi yochulukirapo. Kuyambula kachitidwe kachitidwe koyambirira kudzayenera kuchitidwa kuti awonetse ngati kukonza ndi njira yabwino.
Mankhwala Ena kwa Mitral Kubwezera
Pali nthawi pamene munthu sangakhale woyenera kuchita opaleshoni. Zikatero, mankhwala adzalingalira pochepetsa zizindikiro komanso / kapena kuchepetsa kupweteka pamtima. Zomwe mwasankha panopa:
- Vasodilators (mtundu wa mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa mitsempha ya mitsempha) nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito koma samachita pang'ono kuti apange zotsatira za nthawi yaitali. ACE inhibitors monga Vasotec (enalapril) kapena Capoten (captopril) ndiwo osankha kwambiri.
- Thandizo lachilombo la cardiac (CRT) limaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito pacemaker yapadera yomwe imapititsa patsogolo ma ventricles abwino komanso omanzere panthaŵi yomweyo. CRT imagwiritsidwira ntchito nthawi zambiri pamene zowonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezereka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
- Endocarditis prophylaxis imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuti tipewe matenda m'kati mwa mkati. Lero likugwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri.
> Zosowa
- > Bonow, R .; Carabello, B; Chatterjee, K .; et al. "Zowonjezera zowonjezera zomwe zili m'Bungwe la ACC / AHA 2006 zothandiza oyang'anira odwala matenda a valvular: lipoti la American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines." Kudutsa . 2008; 118: e523.
- > Vahanian, A .; Baumgartner, H .; Bax, J .; et al. "Malangizo othandizira kusamalira matenda a mtima wa valvular: Task Force on Management of Valvular Heart Disease ya European Society of Cardiology." European Heart Journal . 2007; 28: 230.