Phunzirani zambiri za zotsatira zoyipa zachinyamata
Makolo ndi madokotala a ana akudziŵa bwino za zotsatira zovuta za mankhwala omwe ana akuuzidwa.
Makolo akhoza kukhala osamala kwambiri chifukwa cha mauthenga ena apamwamba okhudza zowononga zotsatira za mankhwala, zomwe zathandiza kuti aliyense azisamala, kuphatikizapo:
- Singulair (montelukast) ndi kuthekera kugwirizana ndi khalidwe / kusintha maganizo, kusintha kudzipha ndi makhalidwe, ndi kudzipha.
- Kuthyola kwambiri ndi mankhwala ozizira ndi FDA tcheru kuti zoopsa za kuwatenga zikhoza kupambana phindu la ana osapitirira zaka ziwiri.
- Tamiflu (oseltamivir) ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana zamaganizo ndi machitidwe, kuphatikizapo zokopa, zokondweretsa, ndi khalidwe losazolowereka.
- Kuvutika maganizo ndi chiopsezo cha kudzipha ndi khalidwe la ana ndi achinyamata omwe akudwala mankhwala opatsirana pogonana.
- Accutane (isotretinoin) ndi zovuta zowonongeka zobadwa ndi matenda a maganizo (mwachitsanzo, kudzipha, makhalidwe, ndi kudzipha).
Ngakhale ndibwino kudziŵa zowopsa zonse pamene mwana wanu akuuzidwa mankhwala, nthawi zina zingathandize kuchepetsa kupeza kwa mankhwala opindulitsa kwambiri, kumene phindu likanakhala loposa momwe zingakhalire zovuta.
Izi zimakhala zofala makamaka pamene kholo silifuna kuchitira ana awo mankhwala oletsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pamene ali ndi mphumu chifukwa amakhala ndi nkhawa zokhudzana ndi zotsatira za mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mankhwala Onse Angakhale ndi Zovuta Zotsatira
Pofotokoza mfundo imeneyi, anthu ena amanena kuti mukawerenga za zotsatira zowonongeka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mobwerezabwereza mankhwala, monga Tylenol kapena Motrin, ndiye kuti simungawatenge konse. Zina mwa zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala ndizo:
- Mutu
- Nausea
- Kusagona
- Chizungulire
- Nkhawa
- Kutsekula m'mimba
- Kuphulika khungu
- Kupweteka m'mimba
- Kutopa
- Kugona
- Kulemera kwalemera
- Zosokonezeka
Zotsatira izi zimangokhalapo pokhapokha peresenti ya ana, kotero pali mwayi wabwino kuti mwana wanu asakhale ndi zotsatirapo pamene atenga mankhwala enaake. Komanso, pafupifupi zotsatira zonse za mankhwala ndi zakanthawi ndipo zimachoka mutasiya mankhwala kapena kusintha mankhwala ena.
Zomwe Mankhwala Amadziwika Mwapadera pa Ana
Kuwonjezera pa zotsatira zoopsa za mankhwala omwe tawatchula pamwambapa, zomwe zingatheke ndi pafupifupi mankhwala alionse, pali zotsatira zina zomwe zimawoneka ndi mankhwala enaake.
Zina mwa zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala omwe mungakumane nazo kapena muyenera kudikira ndi monga:
- Amoxil (Amoxicillin). Mofanana ndi ma antibayotiki ena, zotsatira zofala za Amoxil zimatha kuphatikizapo kutsegula m'mimba, kunyowa, ndi kusanza. Kuwonjezera apo, Amoxil nthawi zina amachititsa kusintha kwa khalidwe, kuphatikizapo kusakhudzidwa ndi kusokonezeka.
- Prednisone. Ngakhale muzitsulo zazing'ono zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira mphumu ndi poizoni ivy , zotsatira zowonongeka za prednisone zingakhale monga kusintha kwa maganizo, mantha, ndi kusowa tulo.
- Benadryl (diphenhydramine). Mofanana ndi ma antihistamine ambiri, zotsatira za Benadryl zimakhala monga kugona ndi pakamwa youma, ndipo nthawi zambiri ana ambiri amavomereza kuti ana omwe amadwala matendawa nthawi zonse amamwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo, monga Allegra (fexofenadine), Claritin (loratadine), Clarinex (desloratadine) kapena Zyrtec (cetirizine) m'malo mwake.
- Ritalin (methylphenidate). Matendawa ndi njira yowonjezereka ya Ritalin, ndipo zotsatira zake zimaphatikizapo kutayika kwa njala, kunyowa, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kusowa tulo, mantha, mutu, ndi chizungulire.
- Flonase (fluticasone). Mofanana ndi mankhwala ena a steroid m'mphuno, zowonjezereka zimatha kuphatikizapo chifuwa, mkwiyo wamkati, ndi nosebleeds.
- Vyvanse (lisdexamfetamine). Mofanana ndi mitundu ina ya dextroamphetamine, monga Adderall ndi Adderall XR yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza ADHD, zotsatira zake zodziwika monga Vyvanse zimaphatikizapo kuchepa kwa njala, kupweteka mutu, vuto la kugona, kuchepa, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kukhumudwa, ndi kusanza.
- Reglan (metoclopramide) . Zotsatira zofanana za Reglan (nthawi zina amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ana ndi reflux) zimatulutsa m'mimba, kumutu, kupwetekedwa mtima, kusowa tulo, kusadziletsa, ndi kuchepa mphamvu. Ndizosazolowereka, koma zimakhala zovuta kwambiri, zomwe zimachitika ndi dystonic ndi tardive dyskinesia, ndi kayendetsedwe kodzidzimutsa, zomwe nthawi zina zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa mwazirombo.
- Omnicef (cefdinir). Mofanana ndi ma antibayotiki ena, zotsatira zowonjezereka za Omnicef zingaphatikizepo kutsegula m'mimba, kunyowa, ndi kusanza. Komanso, Omnicef nthawi zina amachititsa kuti mwanayo akhale ndi ubweya wofiira, chifukwa cha kugwirizana ndi mavitamini a zitsulo, kapangidwe ka ana ndi chitsulo kapena zinthu zina zitsulo.
- Pyridium (phenazopyridine). Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri sagwiritsidwa ntchito pamatenda a ana, zotsatira zofala kwambiri za Pyridium ndizimene zingayambitse mkodzo kutembenuza mtundu wofiira wa malalanje ndi kuwonetsa makompyuta. Nthaŵi zina Pyridium imagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza matenda opatsirana.
Kuzindikira Zotsatira za Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri makolo amatsutsa zizindikiro zatsopano za mankhwala, mumadziwa bwanji ngati chizindikiro chiri ndi zotsatira za mankhwala ndipo sichimayambitsanso china?
Nenani kuti mwana wanu akudwala ndi matenda a sinus ndipo atatenga Amoxi, amayamba kutsekula m'mimba masiku atatu kenako. Kodi kutsegula m'mimba kumakhudza mbali inayake ya Amoxil, mbali yaikulu ya kutenga antibiotic, kapena chifuwa cha m'mimba chomwe chikugwiritsanso ntchito panthawi yosamalira mwana wanu nthawi yomweyo?
Pofuna kukuthandizani kuzindikira ngati mwana wanu ali ndi zotsatira zothandizira mankhwala, zingathandize:
- Lembani mwatsatanetsatane wa pamene mwana wanu akuyamba, amasiya kapena kusintha kusintha kwa mankhwala omwe amamwa
- Lembani zizindikiro zatsopano pamene mukuyamba mankhwala atsopano kapena kusintha mayezo
- Funsani dokotala wanu wamankhwala ndi wamankhwala za zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala omwe mwana wanu akulamulidwa kuti mudziwe zomwe mungasamalire
- Yerekezerani zozizwitsa zosadziwika zomwe mwana wanu akulemba pa zovuta zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zotsatira zosavomerezeka zomwe zimaphatikizidwa pa phukusi la mankhwala.
- Tsatirani malangizo pamene mupatsa mwana wanu mankhwala, makamaka mankhwala monga Lindane, omwe ndi mankhwala achiwiri ovomerezeka a FDA omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira nsabwe koma akhoza kuvulaza kwambiri ngakhale atagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino.
- Uzani mwana wanu wamankhwala ndi mankhwala pa mankhwala ena onse omwe mwana wanu akuwatenga, kuphatikizapo mankhwala owonjezera, mankhwala ochiritsira, ndi mavitamini kuti awathandize kuzindikira njira iliyonse yothetsera mankhwala yomwe ingayambitse zotsatira zoyipa za mankhwala
Kufotokozera Zotsatira za Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Kuwonjezera pa kupereka malipoti okhudza mankhwala osokoneza bongo kwa dokotala wanu wa ana, kotero kuti mutha kusintha mankhwala, makolo ndi ana akudwala amatha kulongosola zotsatira za mankhwala mwachindunji ku FDA's MedWatch Safety Information ndi Adverse Event Reporting Program.
Medwatch ndi mankhwala a FDA okha, mankhwala osokoneza bongo, ndi zinthu zina, koma samaphatikizapo katemera. Katemera wa katemera ayenera kuti adziwe kuti ali ndi katemera wotchedwa Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
Zotsatira:
FDA Advisory Health Advisory. Kulemba kosawerengeka ndi mankhwala ozizira Osagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ana. August 15, 2007.
Fomu ya Desk ya Madokotala. PDR 62. 2008.