Anatomy, Function, and Disorders of the Conal Nasal
Ngati mwawamva kuti akunena za "nasal turbinates" anu ali kuti? Kodi kutengera kwa mbali iyi ya mphuno ndi chiyani, nanga ntchito yake ndi chiyani?
Ma Turbinates Otsutsa: Tanthauzo
Mitundu ya Turbinates, yomwe imatchedwanso nasal concha kapena conchae (kuchulukitsa), ndi mawonekedwe a mafupa, zitsulo, ndi minofu zooneka ngati chigoba m'mphepete mwa mitsempha.
Nyumbazi zimayambitsa kutenthetsa, kutseketsa, ndi kupukuta mpweya umene timapuma. Kawirikawiri pali turbinates zitatu kuphatikizapo apamwamba (apamwamba), apakati, ndi otsika (otsika). Komabe, nthawi zina mukhoza kukhala ndi turbinate yachinayi (yotchedwa supreme turbinate) yomwe ili pamwamba kuposa turbinate yapamwamba.
Pakati pa mtundu uliwonse wa turbinate ndi malo (otchedwa meati), omwe ali ndi dzina lomwe limagwirizana ndi dzina la turbinate lomwe liri pamwamba pa danga. Mipata iyi imapanga njira zathu zamphongo zomwe zimayendetsa mpweya m'mphuno mwathu.
Makhalidwe (Anatomy) a Turbinates (Nasta)
Monga tawonera, zotupa za m'mphuno zimagawidwa m'magawo atatu, mzere wamakono, wamkati, ndi wotsika.
Nyama Zosafunika (Conchae Lower)
Nyerere yotsika kwambiri ndi malo pakati pa mpando wa m'mphuno ndi otsika kwambiri. Iyi ndiyo malo akuluakulu pamlengalenga. Njirayi imagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana:
- Mitsempha yowonongeka yomwe imatulutsa madzi kuchokera m'maso, kuyambira pa diso lakunja ndi kutaya nyama yonyansa.
- Mutu wa khoma lamanyo, nyama yowonongeka, ndi mawonekedwe osasuntha amapanga mpweya wamkati . Mphuno yamphuno ndi malo opapatiza kwambiri m'mphepete mwa m'mimba ndipo nthawi zambiri imakhala malo obisala (chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa septum kapena zina zamphongo).
Nyama zapakati
Nkhumba yapakati ndi njira yamphongo yomwe imakhala pakati pa nyama yazing'ono ndi nyama ya pakati. Malo awa ndi ofunika kwa:
- Kusamba kwa zitatu za sinthana za paranasal; mawonekedwe a maxillary, kutsogolo, ndi kutsogolo (anterior).
- Kuthamanga kwa mpweya kudutsa mu machimo a paranasal omwe amapanga matani a mawu athu.
Nyama Yapamwamba (Conchae Kumtunda)
Nyama yapamwamba ndi malo amphongo omwe ali pakati pa nyama ya pakati ndi nyama yapamwamba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zapamwamba kwambiri, koma nthawi zina palinso ndi turbinate yaikulu yomwe ili pamwamba pa turbinate yapamwamba. Ntchito za njirayi ndi izi:
- Kusamba kwa zochimwa ziwiri za paranasal: sphenoid ndi kumbuyo (poseri) machimo achimoimu.
- Monga nyama ya pakati, mpweya wodutsa pamsewu uwu (umene umagwirizana ndi zikhomo) umathandiza kusintha zomwe timamva.
- Nkhumba zapamwamba za turbinate yapamwamba (kuphatikizapo mbali ya pamwamba ya mphuno yamphongo, yomwe imagawaniza m'mphuno yamanzere ndi yolondola) ili ndi mapeto a mitsempha omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutanthauzira kununkhiza. Ichi ndi chifukwa chake zosokonezeka mu turbinate zingabweretse chisokonezo chifukwa cha fungo .
Consi yapamwamba ndi ya pakati ndi mbali ya fupa la ethmoid, koma consi ya m'munsi ndi mawonekedwe apadera.
Ntchito (Physiology) ya a Turbinates: Kukonzekera kwa Mphindi
Nthawi iliyonse mpaka maora asanu ndi awiri, minofu yanu imakhala yozungulira (turbine) imodzi ya turbinate pamene ina ya turbinate ikuphulika. Izi zimachititsa kuti njira zina zikhale zopapatiza, kuchepetsa mpweya wa mpweya, pamene akukulitsa njira ina ndikuwongolera mpweya wa mpweya. Pamene kusintha kwa minofu kumasintha, simungamve bwino chifukwa chakuti kukana kwanu kumasintha.
Cholinga cha kayendedwe ka m'mphuno sichimvetsetsedwa bwino koma ziganizidwe zofala ndizo:
- Njira zochepetsedwa (zochepa) zimalola kuti matendawa "asinthe."
- Njira zowonongeka zimaganiziranso kuti ntchentche zichotsedwe.
- Njira zowonjezereka (zowonjezera) zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala osakanizika komanso kuti azitha kuyenda bwino.
Matenda a Turbinate
Mankhwalawa amatha kukhala ndi matenda osiyanasiyana. Nthaŵi zambiri, chizindikiro chogwirizana ndi matendawa ndi chisokonezo. Matenda a Turbinate ndi awa:
- Fodya wamba: Tonsefe takhala tikukumana ndi mavuto ndi zotupa zathu zamkati pamene tikuvutika ndi chimfine .
- Nthendayi
- Kugonana kwa mphuno: Zosaoneka bwino m'matumbo a m'mphuno ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa kugona kwa mpweya .
- Concha Bullosa: Concha bullosa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala chodziwika bwino chomwe chili ndi mthunzi wa mpweya (pneumatization) pakati pa nyama. Mthumba wa mpweyawu ukhoza kuyambitsa madzi okwanira ofunika ndi matenda omwe amabwera chifukwa cha sinus.
- Valavu yamadzimadzi ikugwa: Vuvu yamphongo ndi mbali yopapatiza kwambiri pamsewu wamphongo ndi machesi apansi omwe amapanga mbali ya chipangidwe ichi. Mphepete mwa njirayi ingakhale yophweka kwambiri ( mphutsi yamkati imagwa ) chifukwa cha kupsinjika mtima, kupumula kwa nasal , kapena chifukwa cha rhinoplasty (opaleshoni ya pulasitiki pamphuno.)
- Kulephera kugwiritsira ntchito chubu: Kuonjezeredwa kapena mavuto ena opangidwa ndi tizilomboti ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa makina opangira tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (omwe amatchedwanso eustachian tube disfective).
- Choanal Atresia: Choanal atresia ndikutsekemera ndime za m'mimba mwa minofu yomwe imakhalapo kuyambira kubadwa, ndipo ingakhudze chitukuko cha turbin.
Kukonza Matenda a Turbinate
Matenda ambiri a turbinate amasankha okha, koma nthawi zina mankhwala amafunikira kuti athetse vutoli. Matenda a turbinate amafunika kuwongolera, kuchepetsa mphamvu ya turbinate ikhoza kuchitidwa opaleshoni yothetsera vutoli. Njirayi imafuna anesthesia wambiri ndipo kawirikawiri imachitika mu chipatala chomwecho tsiku lililonse.
Pansi pa Anatomy ndi Physiology ya Turbinates ya Nasal ndi Udindo Wawo pa Matenda
Mankhwalawa amapangidwa ndi zitatu kapena zinayi zomwe zimagwira ntchito yotenthetsa, kutseketsa, ndi kusinthasintha mpweya umene timapuma. Zovuta m'kati mwa mavitamini zimabweretsa chisokonezo, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi chimfine ndi chifuwa. Kusintha kwa kayendedwe ka mavitamini monga concha bullosa ndi choanal atresia kungakhalenso ndi zizindikiro. Pamene kuli koopsa, opaleshoni (kuchepetsedwa kwa turbinate) zingakhale zofunikira kuchepetsa zizindikiro ndi kubwezeretsa ntchito mbali imeneyi ya thupi lathu.
> Zotsatira:
> Terzi, S., Dursun, E., Celiker, F. et al. Zotsatira za Choanal Atresia pa Kukula kwa Sinanas Paranasal ndi Turbinates. Opaleshoni ndi Radiologic Anatomy . 2017 Mar 13. (Epub patsogolo pa kusindikiza).
> Turner, J., Lal, D. ndi J. Nayak. American Rhinologic Society. Nthenda Yoyambira. Kusinthidwa 01/20/15. http://care.american-rhinologic.org/nasal_anatomy