Chickenpox ndi kachilombo ka HIV, kamene kamangotanthauza kuti zimayambitsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda omwe amafalitsa mosavuta munthu aliyense. Chifukwa cha katemera wothandiza kwambiri popewera nkhuku , matendawa akufala kwambiri ku United States ndi m'mayiko ena otukuka. Achinyamata ndi achikulire amadwalabe ndi nkhuku, komabe, ndi zina mwa izo, matendawa amachititsa mavuto aakulu.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chake nkofunika kumvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa nkhuku, omwe ali pachiopsezo chotsika nawo, ndi momwe mungadzitetezere ngati mutseguka.
Virus
Dzina lachipatala la kachilombo komwe limayambitsa nkhuku ndi varicella zoster virus (nthawi zina amatchulidwa ndi madokotala ndi ofufuza monga VZV). Varicella ndi kachilombo ka herpes, kuika mu banja lomwelo monga zamoyo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda monga matumbo a mkazi wamtundu ndi zilonda zozizira kapena zilonda zamoto.
VXV ndi kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matenda opweteka kwambiri otchedwa shingles. Mosiyana ndi mavairasi ena, nkhuku yatha, atatha kale, kachilombo ka varicella kamangoyendayenda m'malo amanjenje m'malo mochoka mthupi. Nkhuku zimayamba mwa anthu achikulire omwe anali ndi nkhuku ngati ana pamene kachilomboka kakuyambanso kugwira ntchito.
Varicella ndi kachilombo koyambitsa anthu, kutanthauza kuti simungapeze nkhuku kuchokera ku chiweto, kapena kuti galu wanu kapena khate azidwala ngati mukudwala.
Izi ndi zabwino kudziwa kuti matenda ena omwe amachititsa kuti ziwombankhanga, monga nthendayi, zifalitsidwe pakati pa anthu ndi nyama.
Mavairasi monga varicella amachititsa anthu kudwala pogwiritsa ntchito maselo abwino ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito kuchulukitsa, kotero pamene chitetezo cha mthupi chimazindikira kukhalapo kwa kachilombo m'thupi, chimayamba kugwira ntchito, chimachotsa zizindikiro zomwe zingakhale zosasangalatsa koma zapangidwa kuti zimenyane kuchotsa matenda.
Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wapeza kuti malungo amathandiza chitetezo cha mthupi. Ndipotu, malungo ndi zizindikiro zina za chimfine ndi chimfine zimawonekera musanafike poti munthu akubwera ndi nkhuku. Izi ndizo makamaka kwa akulu, malinga ndi Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Choncho, ngakhale kuti tizilombo tina timene timayambitsa matenda a nkhuku ndi omwe amachititsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo tizilombo tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timayambitsa matendawa.
Zowopsa
Pamaso a varicella asanakhalepo nthawi yothandizidwa ndi katemera kwa ana, nkhuku yambiri inali yofala kwa ana. Ndipo ndithudi, vuto lalikulu kwambiri loti nkhuku ya nkhuku ikhale ndi mwana wosakwana zaka khumi ndi zisanu (15). Tsopano zifukwa zomwe zimayambitsa chiwopsezo chotsika ndi nkhuku zikuwombera kuti:
- Osatemera katemera: Kukumana ndi VZV ngati simunapatsire sizitsimikiziranso kuti mukudwala, koma chiopsezo chili chachikulu: CDC imati pafupifupi 90 peresenti ya anthu osadziwika omwe amakumana ndi kachilomboka Kuthamanga ndi matenda. Kupeza katemera wa mlingo wawiri wa varicella ndiwothandiza kwambiri: Malingana ndi CDC, ataponyedwa koyamba, katemera ndi 85 peresenti yoteteza katemera wa varicella. Pambuyo pa mlingo wonse, katemera ndi 98 peresenti yogwira ntchito popewera varicella.
- Osakhala ndi nkhuku: Mutakhala ndi nkhuku, thupi lanu lidzakhala chitetezo kwa moyo wanu wonse, kotero kuti ngakhale kugonana kwambiri ndi varicella tizilombo sizingakuchititseni kudwala. Koma ngati simunayambe nkhuku, muli pachiopsezo chachikulu chodwala ngati mutakhala ndi ena omwe ali ndi matendawa. Apanso, kachilomboka kakufalikira mosavuta, makamaka pafupi. Ana osadziwika ali ndi chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha nkhuku ngati akuyendayenda sukulu kapena malo osungirako zosamalira, monga aphunzitsi ndi ena akuluakulu omwe sanatenge katemera kapena ali ndi matenda, mwachitsanzo.
Kuda nkhawa Kwambiri
Anthu ambiri omwe amatenga nkhuku, makamaka ana, amadwala kwa kanthaŵi kochepa (pafupifupi sabata) ndikuchira bwinobwino popanda zotsatira.
Koma palinso ena omwe ali pangozi yaikulu ya mavuto. Zikuphatikizapo:
Akuluakulu
Anthu omwe amadya nkhuku kwa nthawi yoyamba ali wamkulu amakhala ndi zizindikiro zoopsa kwambiri, ndipo malinga ndi National Foundation for Infectious Diseases (NFID), "akuluakulu amakhala oposa ana kuti afe kapena amakhala ndi mavuto aakulu ngati atenga nkhuku."
Anthu Amene Ali ndi Machitidwe Opanda Chitetezo Chogonjetsedwa
Izi zingaphatikizepo ana omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'magazi kapena lymphoma; aliyense amene ali ndi matenda a chitetezo cha mthupi; komanso anthu omwe akumwa mankhwala omwe amadziwika kuti amateteza chitetezo cha mthupi, monga systemic steroids kapena chemotherapy mankhwala.
Ana Obadwa Amayi Amene Amayi Awo Amakhudzidwa ndi Mavairasi a Varicella
Mofananamo, ana ena omwe asanabadwe omwe amapezeka kwa varicella kapena herpes zoster kulikonse pakati pa masiku asanu asanabadwe masiku awiri atabadwa amakhala pavuto lalikulu la matendawa. Makamaka, malinga ndi CDC, izi zikuphatikizapo:
- Omwe amawatenga kuchipatala atabadwa masabata makumi asanu ndi awiri kapena asanu ndi anayi omwe amayi awo sali otetezedwa ku HIV ya varicella
- Kucheperedwa kwa ana omwe asanabadwe milungu isanu ndi iwiri kapena isanafike kapena amene akulemera 2.2 peresenti panthawi yobadwa mosasamala kanthu za chitetezo cha amayi awo
Azimayi Oyembekezera Amene Alibe Mbiri Yoposera Nkhuku kapena Katemera
Vuto ili ndilo kwa ana awo osanabadwe. NFID imanena kuti khanda lobadwa ndi mkazi yemwe amabwera nkhuku pamasabata 20 oyambirira ali ndi mimba yokhala ndi mwayi umodzi wokhala ndi zofooka zazikulu zobadwa kuchokera ku manja kapena miyendo yochepetsedwa; chithandizo; kukula kwa mutu; kukula kwa ubongo; ndi kuchepetsa maganizo.
> Zotsatira:
> Zomwe Zingathetsere Kudwala ndi Kuteteza Matenda (CDC). "Chickenpox (Varicella): Kachipatala." July 1, 2016.
> CDC. "Chithandizo cha katemera wa Varicella ndi nthawi yotetezedwa." Aug 30, 2012.
> National Foundation for Infectious Diseases. Zoona Zokhudza Chickenpox kwa Achikulire. "Jan 2012.
> Pergam, SA, Limaye, AP, ndi AST Infectious Diseases Community Practice. "Varicella Zoster Virus." Am J Kusindikiza. Dec 2009; 9 (Suppl 4): S108- # 115. DOI: 10.1111 / j.1600-6143.2009.02901.x.
> Yunivesite ya Florida Health. "Fungo Lingakhale Lothandiza." Mar 12, 2012.