Zifukwa za ululu, kumva kutayika, ndi "popping" mu zodabwitsa
Kodi munayamba mwamvapo kuti makutu anu anatsekedwa kuti musamve? Kodi munayamba mwakhalapo kapena mukukweza m'makutu anu kapena mwakhala mukulephera kusunga bwino?
Izi ndi zina mwa zizindikiro zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi makina osokoneza bongo (amadziwika kuti eustachian tube). Zikhoza kuyambitsidwa ndi zifukwa zilizonse koma zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kusungunuka kwa ntchentche kapena kusalinganiza kwa mpweya pakati pa khutu.
Anatomy
Phukusi lodziwika bwino , lomwe nthawi zina limatchedwa chubu la eustachian, ndi njira yaying'ono yomwe imatha kuchokera pakati pa khutu mpaka kumbuyo kwa mmero (nasopharynx). Phukusi lamakono lili ndi ntchito zingapo zofunika:
- Amatsegula ndi kutsekera poyankha kusintha kwa mpweya wozungulira mpweya kuti athe kulinganitsa kupanikizika pakati pa khutu la pakati.
- Ikhoza kutseka phokoso lofuula kuti liteteze zomangira zovuta.
- Amachotsa ntchentche kuchokera kumutu wa pakati, zomwe zimawomba kumbuyo kwa mmero.
Phukusi loyendetsa bwino la ana limayenda mozungulira kwambiri kuposa anthu akuluakulu. Ndili ndi zaka, chubu imakula ndipo pang'onopang'ono imakhala yowoneka bwino kuti ikuthandizeni madzi abwino. Izi zikufotokozera chifukwa chake ana amatha kukhala ndi mavuto ambiri.
Ngakhale kuti phukusi lamakono limatsekedwa, limatseguka nthawi ndi nthawi monga pamene tameza, yawn, kapena kupepuka. Izi zikutanthawuza chifukwa chake nthawi zambiri timafunika kumeza kuti "tizitha" makutu athu pamene tikuyendetsa phiri kapena kupita mu ndege.
Mukamaliza, chida chanu chotsegula chimatsegula ndikugwirizanitsa vutoli mwadzidzidzi.
Zifukwa ndi Zizindikiro
Powonjezereka, kugwiritsira ntchito chubu koyambitsa kumachitika pamene chubu la eustachian silingathe kulinganitsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya kapena silingathe kuchotsa ntchentche kuchokera kumutu wa pakati.
Ngati kuthamanga kwa mpweya kusintha mofulumira, kungayambitse kupweteka, kupweteka, ngakhalenso kuphulika kwa eardrum .
Ngati ntchentche sizimasulidwa bwino, zimatha kuika mauthenga a pakati pa khutu ( otitis media ), kutsekemera m'makutu ( serous otitis media ), kapena kutayika kumamva chifukwa cha kusintha kwa khutu ( ear ear atelectasis ). Mkhalidwe umenewu ukhoza kubweretsa ululu, kumva kutaya, chizungulire, ngakhalenso kuwonongeka kwa khutu.
Zimayambitsa matenda ndi zamoyo kuti zisinthe muzengereza, kuphatikizapo:
- phukusi lodziwika bwino lomwe ndiloling'ono kwambiri (makamaka ana)
- zoopsa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwakukulu kwa mpweya woipa ( barotrauma)
- pulogalamu yowonongeka yomwe imatsekedwa ndi minofu yowonjezera (monga adenoids )
- Kusokonezeka kwa pakhosi kumayambitsa matenda kapena matenda
- matenda m'makutu
- kukula kwapweteka kapena zotupa zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsira ntchito chubu
Kudziwa
Pali njira zingapo zowunikira zomwe zimayambitsa zovuta kugwiritsira ntchito chubu. Dokotala wa ENT, yemwe amadziwika kuti otolaryngologist , ndi katswiri woyenerera kuti azindikire izi.
Pambuyo pofufuza mbiri yanu yachipatala kapena zizindikiro, adokotala ayamba kuyesa vutoli pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana:
- Chojambula chojambula chotchedwa otoscope chidzagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana pa eardrum yanu ( tympanic membrane ). Kusintha kwa maonekedwe kapena maulendo kawirikawiri kumasonyeza madzi m'makutu. Mphuno yamakutu ingathenso kupezeka.
- Fiber optic endoscope ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupyolera mu mphuno kuti awone ngati zida zilizonse zotambasula zikutseka chubu.
- Tympanometry ndi chida china chomwe chingathe kuyesa kupanikizika kwa mpweya pakatikati, ndikumvetsera kwakukulu komwe kumawonetsa kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Mayeserowa ndi abwino kwambiri ndipo sangawonongeke kuposa momwe kutentha kwanu kumatengera khutu.
Ngati pali zodetsa nkhaŵa zazikulu, zojambula zojambula ngati kompyuta (CT scans) kapena magnetic resonance Image (MRI) zikhoza kulamulidwa kuti zifufuze ziphuphu kapena masses omwe angatseke chubu.
Ngati dokotala akukhulupirira kuti vutoli limayambitsa matenda, amatsutsa kapena angayambe kufufuza.
Kuchiza
Chithandizo cha mankhwala osokoneza bongo chikusiyana ndipo chimadalira makamaka chifukwa cha vutoli.
Pankhani ya madzi m'makutu, anthu ambiri amatha kutulutsa madziwo pakapita nthawi. Ngati madziwa akadalipo pakatha miyezi itatu kapena isanu ndi umodzi, dokotala angasankhe kukhetsa madzi owonjezera pogwiritsa ntchito ma pulogalamu a mpweya wabwino .
Ngati minofu yowonjezereka (monga adenoid , polyp , turbinate , kapena chotupa) ikuwoneka kuti ndiyo chifukwa, akhoza kuchotsedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yotchedwa oposcopic sinus opaleshoni .
Ndikofunika kuthana ndi zovuta zilizonse, kuphatikizapo chifuwa, matenda, kapena kukula, zomwe zingayambitse kapena kuthetsa vutoli.
Kupewa
Kupewa nthawi zonse kumakhala bwino kusiyana ndi chithandizo, ndipo, poyambitsa makina osokoneza bongo, zipangizo zopewera sizikanakhala zophweka.
Kupewa kupweteka kapena kuwonongeka chifukwa cha kusintha kofulumira kwa mpweya, kumeza kapena kuyendayenda nthawi zonse pochoka mu ndege kapena kuyendetsa pamapiri. Ngati mumasambira pamadzi, pitani pang'onopang'ono kuti mulole kupanikizika kuti muyese pang'onopang'ono.
Nthaŵi zina, zimathandiza kutenga decongestant, monga pseudoephedrine, asananyamuke kapena kutha. Muyeneranso kukhala ndi vuto linalake la matenda a chifuwa kapena uchimo omwe amachitidwa kuti muteteze barotrauma.
Ngati mukumva kupweteka kwa khutu, mutengeni nthawi yakuchiritsa. Mphuno yamtundu wodulidwa nthawi zambiri imakhala yabwino mwa yokha m'masiku angapo. Muzovuta kwambiri, opaleshoni angafunikire, koma izi ndizosiyana ndi malamulo.
> Chitsime
- > Mwana wamwamuna, A .; Bhutta, M .; Butler, C ;; et al. "Kusagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa Eustachian tube: chigwirizano chogwirizana pa kufotokoza, mitundu, kuchipatala, ndi matenda." Clinical Otolaryngology. October 2015; 40 (5): 407-411.