Katswiri wa otolaryngologist ndi katswiri wa zachipatala yemwe amaganizira za matenda ndi matenda omwe amamva, kumva, mphuno ndi kupweteka. Matenda a sinus, khansa, matenda, matenda, kapena zopweteka za madera onsewa amachiritsidwa ndi otolaryngologists, nthawi zina amatchedwa ENTs (for Ear, Nose, and Throat) kapena ENT madokotala.
Momwemonso, otolaryngologists amagwiranso ntchito pamodzi ndi akatswiri a zachipatala komanso odwala matenda olankhula , monga momwe madokotala amathandizira kuyankhulana, kulankhula, ndi kumva.
Malingaliro apadera, nthawi yoyenera ya madokotala odziwikawa ndi otorhinolaryngologists, koma chifukwa chakuti ndi mawu otalika, nthawi zambiri amatchedwa otolaryngologists kapena ENTs pokambirana.
Maphunziro ndi Maphunziro
Otolaryngologists ndi madokotala a zamankhwala. Choncho, monga madokotala onse, otolaryngologists ayenera kupeza digiri ya zamankhwala ( DO kapena MD ) pambuyo pa koleji. Ku United States, maphunziro a otolaryngologists akuphatikizapo:
- Degreegrase degree (zaka 4 za koleji kapena yunivesite)
- Dipatimenti ya zachipatala - (zaka 4 za sukulu ya zamankhwala)
- Maphunziro a anthu okhala m'mudzi - (zaka zitatu za kumudzi kwa otolaryngology, kuphatikizapo 1 chaka chophunzitsidwa opaleshoni yowonjezereka, kuphatikizapo chaka chimodzi chophunzitsira kwa zaka zisanu zokha)
- Kusankha kwa chiyanjano chokhazikika mwazochita zapadera monga mutu ndi khosi, pulasitiki / yomanganso, etc. - zaka ziwiri.
Chizindikiritso ndi Licensure
Monga madokotala onse ku United States, otolaryngologists ayenera kudutsa masitepe onse atatu a USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Exam).
Kuonjezera apo, ngakhale sikuti nthawi zonse ndizofunikira, ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mipata tsopano amafunika kuzindikiritsa otolaryngology ndi American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS).
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, otolaryngologists ayenera kupeza chilolezo cha boma chochita zamankhwala mu boma kumene amagwira ntchito.
Pofuna kukhalabe ndi chilolezo, otolaryngologists ayenera kukwaniritsa ndalama zofunikira za CME maola, ndi kukwaniritsa ndondomeko yotsitsimutsa zaka 7-10 malinga ndi zofuna za boma zomwe amachita, ndi zofunikira za bungwe lapadera .
Zochitika Zophiphiritsira Zochitika
ENTs kawirikawiri amakhalabe ndi ofesi ku ofesi yachipatala kapena kuchipatala. Angathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chipatala, njira zachipatala, yunivesite, kapena bungwe la boma, kapena angakhale odzigwira okha ndipo ali ndi ntchito zawo zachipatala. Kuwonjezera pa kuwona odwala mu ofesiyi, ambiri ENTs amachita opaleshoni kuchipatala kapena kuchipatala. Pa tsiku lonse muofesi, amatha kuona paliponse kuchokera kwa odwala 25-35 kapena 40.
Kuchita opaleshoni kwa ENTs kungaphatikizepo zizindikiro (kuchotsa matayiloni ndi adenoids), kukonza mapepala osokonekera m'matumbo, mapulasitiki ndi maxillofacial opaleshoni, kuchotsa zotupa, opaleshoni yatsopano, opaleshoni zokwanira (kubwezeretsa kumva), ndi zina. Kawirikawiri ENT idzachita opaleshoni pafupifupi 250-300 pachaka.
ENTs amagwira ntchito ndi odwala a misinkhu yonse, koma nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi odwala ochulukirapo odwala chifukwa cha ntchito yomwe akuchita, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa mavuto a ENT mu odwala komanso odwala.
Zopeza ndi Zochitika
Malingana ndi Medical Group Management Association (MGMA) Momwepiritsi Wopereka Udokotala ndi Kafukufuku Wopanga Zomwe Akupanga, ndalama zambiri pachaka za otolaryngologists (kapena, otorhinolaryngologists) ndi pafupifupi $ 442,119. Popeza iwo ndi akatswiri ndipo amachita opaleshoni, ENTs nthawi zambiri amakhala a madokotala opeza bwino.
Malingaliro a Job kwa madokotala onse ndi amphamvu, ndipo kusowa kwachulukidwe kunanenedweratu kudutsa chaka cha 2020 ndi kupitirira, malinga ndi American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC).
Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu ku US, komanso kuwonjezeka kwa zaka za anthu a mtunduwu, kuphatikizapo kuntchito yogula ntchito ya 2010 (ACA). ACA, yomwe imatchedwanso Obamacare, ndi lamulo lokonza thanzi ndi zolinga zambiri kusintha chithandizo chaumoyo ku US, chimodzi mwa izo chinali kuonjezera kuchuluka kwa anthu a ku America omwe amatha kupeza chithandizo cha inshuwalansi zaumoyo. Mamilioni a anthu atsopano a ku America adzapanganso zofunikira kwa madokotala kuphatikizapo otolaryngologists.