Vuto Lenizeni Ndi Zothetsera Zowona
Matenda osokonezeka maganizo nthawi zambiri samamvetsetsedwa. Mawuwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene vuto la maganizo, monga kupsinjika maganizo, nkhawa kapena vuto lina, limadziwonetsera ngati zizindikiro zooneka zosagwirizana.
Pofuna kupeza matenda a psychosomatic, payenera kukhala palibe tsatanetsatane wa zachipatala za zizindikiro. Izi si zachilendo. Kwenikweni, kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti pafupifupi 5 peresenti ya madandaulo mu malo oyang'anira chisamaliro ndi omwe sangathe kufotokozedwa ndi matenda odziwika, poizoni, kapena mankhwala.
Ngakhale sizinthu zonsezi ndizovuta maganizo, sizodziwika kuti mavuto omwe ali ndi nkhawa, maganizo, kapena mavuto ena amisala akuoneka m'njira zosawoneka.
Ngakhale kuti madandaulo a psychosomatic ndi ochuluka kwambiri, ena mwa mavuto omwe akufotokozedwa bwino ndi awa:
Kusokonezeka kwa Chisokonezo
Kuti munthu adziwe kuti ali ndi matenda osokoneza bongo, munthu amafunikira zizindikiro zinayi zopweteka, zizindikiro ziwiri za m'mimba (monga kutsegula m'mimba kapena kudzimbidwa), vuto limodzi la kugonana, ndi vuto limodzi lachinsinsi. Madandaulo awa akhoza kukhala odabwitsa, koma akhoza kubwera ndikupita. Zizindikirozi nthawi zambiri zimayendera limodzi ndi zizindikiro za nkhawa kapena matenda a maganizo. Komanso, monga odwala omwe ali ndi mavutowa nthawi zambiri amapita kwa madokotala ambiri akuyesera kuti apeze matenda ena osati matenda osokoneza ubongo, angakhalenso akuvutika ndi zotsatira za mankhwala osiyanasiyana.
Ngati zizindikiro zikuluzikulu sizingagwirizane ndi chidziwitso chodziwika bwino cha mankhwala kapena zotsatira zake zachinthu china, kapena ngati zodandaula zakuthupi ndi kuwonongeka kumeneku kuli kwakukulu kuposa zomwe zingaganizidwe pogwiritsa ntchito kuunika, mbiri ndi kafukufuku, wodwalayo akukumana Njira zambiri zowunikira matenda osokoneza bongo.
Njira yotsalira ya DSM-IV ndi yakuti zizindikiro siziyenera kukhala "zopangidwa mwadzidzidzi kapena zozizwitsa." Izi ndizofunika kuzizindikira - pozindikira kuti matendawa ndi osokonezeka, dokotala ayenera kukhulupirira kuti wodwalayo sakusintha zizindikiro mwanjira iliyonse.
Matenda a Kutembenuka
Kusokonezeka kwa kusandulika sikunapangidwe mwadala mwachindunji.
Apanso, zizindikiro siziyenera kugwirizana ndi matenda ena omwe amadziwika. Mu kutembenuka kwa matenda, zizindikirozo zimakhala zowonongeka za chikhalidwe cha mitsempha yeniyeni. Mwachitsanzo, zizindikiro za kutembenuka kwa matenda zimakhudzidwa ndi zoyendetsa magalimoto kapena ntchito zowonongeka. Izi zikhoza kukhala pafupi ndi vuto lililonse lachinsinsi lomwe lingatheke. Zitsanzo za kuyenda kosazolowereka, kusintha masomphenya, kusintha kwa chisokonezo, kupweteka, ndi kugwidwa kotheratu zonse zafotokozedwa. Zina zomwe zimalimbikitsa kupanikizika nthawi zambiri zimatsogolera zizindikiro; Komabe, vutoli likhoza kuchitika zaka zisanachitike zizindikiro zimayamba.
Hypochondriasis
Ngakhale kuti chithandizo cha hypocondria chakhala chikugwirizanitsa pakati pa matenda a psychosomatic, mwina ndibwino kuti ndiwone ngati ndiwopseza. Hypochondriasis imaphatikizapo munthu wina akukhulupirira kuti akudwala kwambiri, ngakhale atayesedwa mokwanira ndi umboni wonse wa zachipatala wosonyeza kuti ndi wosiyana. Mofanana ndi mavuto a psychosomatic omwe takambirana pamwambapa, anthu omwe ali ndi hypocondria kawirikawiri amakhala ndi mbiri ya kukhala madokotala ambiri, ndipo sangakhale otsimikiziridwa mosasamala kanthu za madokotala ambiri omwe amawauza kuti palibe cholakwika ndi mankhwala.
Kodi Kudziwa Kwambiri Kumatanthauza Chiyani?
Mawu achikulire akuti "zonsezo ziri mmutu mwanu" zimaphatikizapo zambiri zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda a psychosomatic asokonezeke kwambiri.
Zoonadi, kudandaula kwambiri kwa mitsempha ndi "zonse m'mutu mwanu." Matenda a Alzheimer , matenda a Parkinson , matenda a khunyu ndi mavuto ena ambiri a ubongo ndizo chifukwa cha mavuto ndi momwe ubongo umalankhulirana. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi kuvutika maganizo, matenda a maganizo, nkhawa ndi zina zambiri. Mwachidziwikire, mavuto onsewa ndi ofanana ndi omwe amayamba chifukwa cha ubongo. Mfundo yakuti odwala matenda amthenda amatha kusokoneza mtundu wina wa matenda ndi asayansi omwe amachititsa kuti matendawa akhale osiyana kwambiri ndi ena, osati chifukwa chakuti matendawa ndi osiyana kwambiri.
Koma mawu akuti "zonse m'mutu mwanu" sizongopeka chabe kuti ndi zopanda phindu, komanso ndizosawerengeka.
Pamene chikhalidwe chathu chinayambira, kusintha kwa chilengedwe komwe kumayambitsa kuvutika maganizo ndi nkhaŵa mwanjira inayake sikunali kovomerezeka ndipo ndikunyozedwa kwambiri kuposa kusintha kwa chilengedwe komwe kumayambitsa matenda a Parkinson. Ngakhalenso palibe amene akulamulidwa. Kukhala wololera wina ndi mzake sikokwanira chabe koma kumapangitsa anthu kukana kupezeka ndi matenda a maganizo, ngakhale matendawa atha kuwathandiza kupeza chithandizo chomwe akusowa.
Ambiri amatsutsa kuti zizindikiro zawo zimachokera ku matenda a maganizo chifukwa "amamva ngati enieni." Mwinamwake zomwe iwo amatanthauza ndi kuti zizindikiro siziri pansi pa iwo. Izi ndi zoona zenizeni. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti zizindikiro za matenda a psychosomatic sizingoganizire. Zizindikiro sizingasokonezeke.
N'kofunikanso kudziwa kuti kukhala ndi matenda a psychosomatic sikumapangitsa munthu "kupenga." Ngakhale anthu ena omwe ali ndi matenda a psychosomatic amakhalanso ndi matenda ena amisala, ambiri samatero. Zizindikirozo zimangokhala chifukwa cha chisokonezo cha maganizo chomwe chingakhale chofala monga nkhawa yaikulu kapena nkhawa. Komanso, madokotala ambiri amakhulupirira kuti kusokonezeka kwa maganizo kumabwera chifukwa cha malingaliro omwe sangathe kuwonetsedwa mwa njira zina. Mu mawu a Freudian, malingaliro ameneŵa sangakhale osadziŵa, kotero kuti simudziwa ngakhale.
Nthawi zina ndimaona kuti zothandiza kuyerekezera zozizwitsa za zizindikiro za psychosomatic kuntchito yodziwika bwino. Palibe amene amaganiza kawiri ngati wina akunyoza atachita manyazi. Ichi ndi chitsanzo chodziwika cha malingaliro omwe amachititsa chiwonongeko cha thupi chimene sichichilamulira. Matenda a psychosomatic ali ofanana, koma mmalo mochita manyazi chifukwa cha manyazi kapena kunjenjemera chifukwa cha nkhawa, ubongo ukhoza kufotokozera kuvutika mwa kuchititsa thupi kuti lichite mwanjira zochepa. Monga momwe sikuyenera kusamalirana ndi mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti mukhale ndi matenda oopsa kwambiri, monga matenda a carcinoid , sikungakhale koyenera kuthetsa mantha chifukwa cha matenda a maganizo monga nkhawa ndi mankhwala omwe amatchedwa matenda a Parkinson.
Kulipira Siliva
Ngakhale kuti simungamve ngati panthawiyo, m'njira zambiri, kupezeka ndi matenda a psychosomatic ndi nkhani yabwino. Madokotala omwe amapereka chithandizochi akuyenera kulamulira matenda oopsa kwambiri omwe angayambitse matenda anu. Kuzindikira kwa matenda a psychosomatic kungakulepheretseni kuti musapangidwe mankhwala ambiri kuti musamaliritse matenda anu, motero mungakupulumutseni ku zotsatira zosiyanasiyana. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, odwala ambiri omwe ali ndi matenda opatsirana pogonana amapeza kuti zizindikiro zawo zimakula bwino pamene vutoli likudziwika.
Monga momwe ndakhudzira, matenda onse a psychosomatic amadziwika ngati matenda osokonezeka, kutanthauza kuti ndikofunika kuti awonetsere bwino matenda opatsirana kwambiri asanafike. Ndikofunika kuti madokotala akhalebe otseguka pa odwala omwe akudwala matenda a psychosomatic kuti asamaiwale matenda aakulu. N'kofunikanso kuti odwala akhalebe otseguka pa matenda a psychosomatic kuti athe kupeza thandizo lomwe akufunikira ngati matendawa ali olondola. Ndibwino kuti mulandire lingaliro lachiwiri ndi lachitatu, koma wina ayenera kukhala osamala pa kuyesa kosafunika ndi kosafunikira kapena mankhwala. Kupeza maganizo kuchokera kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena wamaganizo angakuthandizeni kuyankha mafunso ambiri. Ngati palibe china chilichonse, anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi zizindikiro za matenda a ubongo amakhala ndi vuto lachisokonezo, ndipo akatswiri a zamaganizo angathandize.
Zotsatira:
Braunwald E, Fauci ES, ndi al. Mfundo za Harrison za Mankhwala a M'kati. 16th ed. 2005.
Association of Psychiatric Association. "Kufufuza ndi Kusanthula Buku la Mental Disorders, 4th ed., Text revision" 2000 Washington, DC: Wolemba.