Momwe Mlandu wa Kupsinjika Kwambiri Kungayambitse Kutha kwa Vuto la Mtima
Matenda a mtima wa rheumatic ndi vuto lalikulu la rheumatic fever . Amatanthawuza kuwonongeka kwa vhubu la mtima lomwe lingapangitse zaka patatha mphepo yofiira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imatsogolera ku mtima kusagwedezeka.
Rheumatic fever ndi matenda omwe amachititsa kuti munthu asatenge matenda omwe angapangitse chifukwa cha kusalidwa kosavomerezeka kwa mphuno kapena chimfine chofiira .
Izi zikachitika, chitetezo cha mthupi chimayankha mosavuta ndi kutupa kosasintha ndi kuika pang'onopang'ono khungu la calcium mkati ndi kuzungulira magetsi a mtima.
Chifuwa chachikulu chimakhala chofala kwambiri kwa ana ndi achinyamata. Ngakhale kusemphana kwa khosi kumakhala kofala ku United States, rheumatic fever imaonedwa kuti ndi yochepa kwambiri m'mayiko omwe akutukuka.
Chifukwa cha matenda a Rheumatic Heart
Chifuwa chachikulu cha mphuno chimatha kuyambitsa mtima, kaya pamtima ( pericarditis ), mkati mwa mtima ( endocarditis ), kapena kukhudza minofu ya mtima ( myocarditis ).
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda otchedwa endocarditis, kuyankha kotupa kungachititse kuwonongeka kosalekeza kwa imodzi kapena zinayi zamagetsi . Katundu uwu ukawonongeke, umakhala woipitsitsa patapita nthawi.
Matenda a mtima wa rheumatic amakhudza pafupifupi theka la anthu onse omwe ali ndi vuto lopweteka kwambiri la rheumatic fever. Ambiri amapezeka kuti ali ndi zaka 10 mpaka 20 chiwonetserochi chikuchitika.
Anthu omwe akhala ndi mavuto ambiri amakhala pachiopsezo chachikulu.
Zisonyezero za Matenda a Rheumatic Heart
Matenda a mtima wa rheumatic akhoza kusonyeza zovuta zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zomwe valve imakhudzidwa ndi njira yomwe valavu yawonongeka.
Zina mwa mitundu yofala kwambiri ya nthenda ya mtima:
- Matenda a Mitral amatanthauza kuika kashiamu mopitirira muyeso wa mitral valve. Mitsempha ya mitral ndi valve yomwe imalola magazi kutuluka kuchokera kumanzere kumanzere kupita kumanzere. Kupeza kashiamu kumathandiza kuti valve isatsegulidwe kwathunthu ( mitral stenosis ) kapena kutsegula konse. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zotsegula, zomwe zimatchedwa mitral regurgitation .
- Matenda a valve aortic ndi imodzi yomwe ma depossi owonjezera a calcium amakhudza valve ya aortic yosiyana ndi ventricle ya kumanzere kuchokera ku aorta. Izi zimayambitsa chitukuko cha aortic stenosis , aortic regurgitation , kapena onse awiri.
- Kuwombera mofulumira kumaphatikizapo valavu yowonongeka yomwe imasiyanitsa malo oyenerera kuchokera ku ventricle kumanzere. Matendawa amayendetsa matenda a aortic ndi / kapena mitral valve.
- Matenda a atrial , mpweya wosasinthasintha komanso wofulumira kwambiri chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa magazi, nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitral stenosis.
Kuchepetsa Matenda a Chifuwa Chakumtima
Mwachiwonekere, njira yabwino yothetsera vuto monga matenda a mtima wamantha ndikuteteza. Izi zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amphamvu a antibayotiki kuti agwiritse ntchito mzere wa khosi kapena chiwopsezo chofiira, zomwe zonsezi zimayambitsidwa ndi mabakiteriya a streptococcal.
Munthu akakhala ndi rheumatic fever, nkofunika kuteteza mtsogolo. Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi umboni wa matenda a mtima wamantha, mankhwala opatsirana opitirirabe angagwiritsidwe ntchito monga mtundu wa mankhwala a prophylactic (chithandizo) . Pofuna kuchepetsa kutupa, aspirin, steroids, kapena mankhwala osakanikirana otchedwa steroidal inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) angapangidwe.
Anthu omwe adzizidwa kwambiri ndi matenda a rheumatic fever ayenera kuyesedwa chaka ndi chaka kuti aone ngati mtima ukhoza kung'ung'udza kapena chinthu china chilichonse chachilendo.
Ngati mukupezeka ndi matenda a rheumatic heart, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi vuto lanu nthawi zonse ndi echocardiogram ndi zipangizo zina zothandizira. Pamene mavuto a valve a mtima amayamba kuwonjezereka pakapita nthawi, mayesowa amatha kudziwa ngati ndipadera pamene opaleshoni yowonjezera ma valve ikufunika.
Nthawi yoti opaleshoni yowonjezeredwa ikhale yofunika kwambiri pofuna kuti muyambe kugwira ntchitoyo moyo wanu usanathe kuchepa koma osati msanga munthu amene amakhala ndi moyo wautali wa valavu yokhayokha.
> Zotsatira:
> Rothenbühler, M .; O'Sullivan, C .; Stortecky, S. et al. "Kuwonetsetsa Mwachangu kwa Matenda a Mtima Wopweteketsa M'madera Ovuta: Kusanthula Mwadongosolo ndi Kusanthula Mmene Kufala Kwa Ana ndi Achinyamata Akufala." Lancet Glob Health. 2014; 2: e717. DOI: 10.1016 / S2214-109X (14) 70310-9.
> Watkins, D .; Johnson, C .; Colquhoun, S. et al. "Global, Regional, ndi National Burden of Rheumatic Heart Disease, 1990-2015." N Engl J Med . 2017; 377: 713. DOI: 10.1056 / NEJMoa1603693.
> Zühlke, L .; Engel, M .; Karthikeyan, G. et al. "Zizindikiro, Zovuta, ndi Ziphuphu mu Zowonjezera Zowonekera mu Rheumatic Heart Disease: Registry Global Heart Riseum Registry (REMEDY yophunzira)." Mtima ; 36: 1115. DOI: 10.1093 / eurheartj / ehu449.