Zomwe Zimayambitsa Mapulogalamu Amtima, Imachepetsa Kuopsa kwa Imfa Yodzidzimutsa
Chombo chopangidwa ndi mankhwala otchedwa cardiverter defibrillator (ICD) - ndi chipangizo chogwiritsira ntchito opaleshoni chimene chimayang'anira mtima wanu ndipo chimapereka mankhwala opulumutsa moyo ngati mwadzidzidzi mutha kukhala ndi ziwalo zoopsa za mtima monga ventricular fibrillation ndi ventricular tachycardia . Ma ICD amalimbikitsidwa kwa anthu omwe amadziwika kuti ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chofa mwadzidzidzi kuchokera kumangidwa kwa mtima .
Kodi ICD imawoneka bwanji?
Makina ambiri a ICD amakhala ndi titaniyamu "jenereta" yomwe imayikidwa pansi pa khungu pansi pa collarbone, ndi ziwiri kapena zitatu (waya) zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi jenereta. Ma waya amadutsa mumitsinje yapafupi yomwe ili pafupi ndi malo enieni mkati mwa mtima.
Chithunzi chomwe chili patsamba lino chikufanizira kukula kwa jenereta ya ICD kwa kotala.
Posachedwapa, ICD yapangidwa, yomwe jenereta ndi zitsogozo zimayikidwa pansi pa khungu, osati m'mitsempha ya magazi ndi mtima. Mtundu watsopanowu watsopano wa ICD uli ndi ubwino wambiri, ndi zovuta zina, poyerekeza ndi chiwerengero cha ICD. Nkhaniyi imangotchula za ICDs, koma mukhoza kuwerenga za ICD yapansi pano.
Jenereta ya ICD ili ndi betri, capacitors, makompyuta ndi zamakina zamakono. Mtsinjewo umapereka zizindikiro zamagetsi zamtundu wa mtima (zizindikiro zomwe zimalamulira mtima wamtima) kubwerera ku jenereta, kumene zimapitilizidwa.
Ngati nthendayi yowopsya imapezeka, ICD imayigwira mwamsanga ndi kuyendetsa mtima kapena kudodometsa mtima kupyolera muzitsogozo.
Kodi ICD Ichita Chiyani?
Ntchito yaikulu ya ICD ndikuteteza imfa ya mthupi mwadzidzidzi kuchokera kumka kumtima chifukwa cha ventricular tachycardia kapena ventricular fibrillation.
ICD idzazindikira kuti mwadzidzidzi timayambitsa matendawa, ndipo mkati mwa masekondi 10 mpaka 20 tidzatulutsa magetsi akuluakulu, omwe amachititsa kuti mtima usayambe kubwerera.
Ama ICD amathandiza kwambiri. ICD yokhazikika bwino, yothandizira bwino idzaimitsa masewerawa oopsa kwambiri kuposa nthawi yoposa 99%.
Kuwonjezera pa kuchititsa mantha omwe amaletsa kumangidwa kwa mtima, ICDs imatha kugwira ntchito ngati pacemakers. Omwe amapanga pulasitiki amagwiritsira ntchito magetsi ang'onoang'ono kuti athandize mtima kuti umenye pamene vuto la mtima liri pang'onopang'ono. (Zindikirani: mbali ya pacemaker ya ICDs yochepa imakhala yochepa - ichi ndi chimodzi mwazovuta za zipangizo zochepetsedwazi.)
Odwala ena, ntchito yamagetsi ya ICD ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyimitsa zigawo za ventricular tachycardia (koma osati ventricular fibrillation), motero kupeĊµa kufunika kokhumudwa. Potsirizira pake, ma ICD angaperekenso mankhwala opatsirana mtima (CRT) , omwe angathe kusintha zizindikiro kwa anthu omwe ali ndi mtima wolephera .
Ma ICD onse "amawongolera," zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ndi chipangizo chapadera chopanga mafilimu chomwe chimayankhula popanda waya, dokotala akhoza kusintha momwe chipangizochi chikugwiritsira ntchito nthawi iliyonse yomwe makonzedwe ake akuyenera kusintha.
Koma ngakhale kuti ICD ikhoza kuchita zinthu zonsezi, ntchito yawo yaikulu ndikuteteza kufa kwadzidzidzi kwa anthu omwe ali ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha kumangidwa kwa mtima.
Kodi ICD imayikidwa bwanji?
Kuchita opaleshoni yopanga ICD kumaonedwa kuti ndi kovuta kwambiri, ndipo kawirikawiri kumachitidwa ndi katswiri wa zamoyo, pogwiritsa ntchito anesthesia kumalo ena, mu labotale ya mtima wonyansa.
Kutengeka pang'ono kumapangidwa pansi pa collarbone, ndipo zitsogozo zimalowetsedwa ndikuikidwa mu mtima pogwiritsa ntchito mafilimu (x-ray) kanema. Ndiye zitsogozo zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi jenereta ya ICD; jenereta imaikidwa pansi pa khungu; ndipo incision imatsekedwa.
Dongosolo la ICD likangoyambika, dokotala akhoza kuyesa chipangizocho kuti atsimikizire kuti chidzagwiranso ntchito, ngati, ndi pamene chigwiriro cha mtima chiyenera kuchitika. Izi zimachitika mwa kuika wodwalayo kugona tulo tochepa ndi kuyendetsa kanthawi kochepa, kenaka amachititsa kuti arrirthmia ndilole kuti ICD izindikire ndi kuimitsa arrhythmia mosavuta.
Njira yowonjezera imatenga pafupifupi ora kapena apo, ndipo nthawi zambiri wodwalayo akhoza kupita kunyumba tsiku lomwelo.
Kodi Kupitako Kumakhala Bwanji Ndi ICD?
Pambuyo pa ICD yakhazikitsidwa, adokotala adzawona wodwalayo masabata anayi kapena asanu kuti atsimikizire kuti malo opaleshoniyo akuchiritsidwa. Kuwongolera kwa nthawi yaitali nthawi zambiri kumafuna maofesi kukachezera awiri kapena anayi pa chaka. Panthawi yonseyi, ICD imakhala "yofunsidwa" popanda kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamuyo. Kufunsa uku kumapatsa dokotala chidziwitso chofunika kwambiri pa momwe ICD ikugwirira ntchito, momwe mabatire ake alili, momwe amatsogolerera komanso momwe ICD imafunira nthawi zambiri kuti apereke mankhwala - onse opaleshoni ndi mankhwala owopsya.
Ma ICD ambiri amakono amatumiza uthenga wotere kwa dokotala kunyumba, kudzera pa intaneti. Gawoli "lopitiliza kufunsa mafunso" limapereka dokotala kuti azindikire ICD ya munthu nthawi iliyonse pakufunika, popanda kuti wodwalayo abwere ku ofesi.
Werengani zambiri za ICDs:
- Kodi Mavuto Ndi Ma ICD?
- Ndani Ayenera Kulandira ICD?
- Kodi Kukhala ndi ICI Kumakhudza Bwanji Moyo Wanu?
Zotsatira:
Russo AM, Stainback RF, Bailey SR, et al. ACCF / HRS / AHA / ASE / HSESA / SCAI / SCCT / SCMR 2013 yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zothandizira anthu odwala matenda opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala opatsirana ndi matenda a mtima. Mbiri ya American College of Cardiology Foundation yoyenera ntchito yogwira ntchito, Heart Rhythm Society, American Heart Association, American Society of Echocardiography, Heart Failure Society of America, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, ndi Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. J ndi Coll Cardiol 2013; 61: 1318.