Njira zamakono komanso zamakono zothandizira khansa
Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi khansa mwina simukumangokhalira mantha koma mukudandaula. Pali mitundu yambiri yothandizira khansa, ndipo ambiri a iwo ali ndi mayina omwe amveka ngati akunja. Ndizothandiza kuyamba ndi kungoswa mankhwalawa m'magawo awiri.
Zam'dera ndi Zochitika Zamankhwala
Zonse zothandizira khansa zitha kugonjetsedwa mwa njira ziwiri.
Kwa khansa zina, imodzi mwa izi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito, ndipo kwa ena, zonsezi zidzafunika.
Zochitika Zachigawo: Zochiritsira zakumunda ndizo zomwe zalinganiza kuchotsa maselo a khansa kumene adayambira. Chitsanzo chikanakhala kupanga lumpectomy kuchotsa mtanda m'mimba. Opaleshoni ndi mankhwala am'deralo. Ndibwino kuchotsa khansa yapadera, mwinamwake mitsempha yam'mimba, koma singagwire ntchito yochizira khansara yomwe yafalikira pachiwindi kapena kwinakwake. Thandizo la ma ARV ndi mtundu wa mankhwala am'deralo.
Mankhwala Opatsirana: Zochiritsira zowonongeka zimapangidwa kuti zithetse maselo a kansa kulikonse kumene angakhale m'thupi. Mwachitsanzo, ngati khansa iliyonse ya khansa ya khansa yomwe imatchulidwa pamwamba ija inapita ku dera lina la thupi, chithandizo chamakono chikafunika kuti chifike kumaselo awo. Chithandizo chamankhwala chingathenso kuthana ndi khansa kumadera ena, ngakhale opaleshoni ndi njira yabwino yothetsera vutoli mobwerezabwereza.
Mitundu ya mankhwala ochizira amaphatikizapo:
- Chemotherapy
- Zovuta zothandizira
- Immunotherapy
Kwa khansa yomwe ili yochepa kwambiri ndipo siinayambe kufalikira (mwina mwa njira zomwe zingakhoze kuwonedwa pa kujambula, kapena kufalikira kwazing'ono zomwe sizingakhoze kuwonedwanso) mankhwala am'deralo akhoza kukhala okwanira kuthetsa khansara. Ngati khansara yayamba kupitirira malo ake oyambirira, kapena ngati mwinamwake yayamba, njira zothandizira zowonongeka zidzafunika kuti maselo onse a khansa, ngakhale maselo a khansa yaying'ono, achotsedwe.
Kutchula Njira Zanu Zothandizira
Poyamba atapezeka kuti ali ndi khansa , kawirikawiri ndimadokotala odziwa zachipatala omwe amagwira ntchito limodzi ndi madokotala ena mu gulu lanu la chisamaliro cha khansa, ndipo muzigwirizana ndi chithandizo chomwe mukukhala nacho. Pali mfundo zingapo zofunikira zomwe mungatchule mwamsanga.
Chimodzi ndi chakuti mankhwala akusintha. Odwala ndi madokotala tsopano amagwira ntchito limodzi popanga ndondomeko ya mankhwala yomwe ili yabwino kwa mtundu wanu wa khansa, kukula kwake ndi momwe imafalikira, ndi zinthu zina zofunika monga msinkhu wanu ndi thanzi labwino. Kwa khansa zambiri, pali njira zosiyanasiyana zochiritsira, ndipo posankha izi nthawi zambiri zimadalira zomwe mumakonda ndipo ndi zotsatira zotani zomwe mukufuna komanso / kapena kupirira
Kutenga nthawi kuti mupeze lingaliro lachiwiri lingakhale lothandiza kwambiri, ndipo ambiri oncologists samangoganiza chabe koma akuyembekezera kuti odwala adzalandira kachiwiri lingaliro . Ngakhale lingaliro liri chimodzimodzi ndi lingaliro lanu loyamba, izi zingakupangitseni inu kutsimikiziridwa kwambiri pansi pa mzere umene mwasankha njira yoyenera. Anthu ambiri amaganiza kuti akupeza maganizo owonjezera pa imodzi mwa zikuluzikulu za National Cancer Institute-malo opatsirana ndi khansa. Maofesi ngati awa nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi dokotala wa opaleshoni kapena wa oncologist yemwe amadziwika makamaka ndi mtundu wanu wa khansa.
Kafukufuku amatiuza kuti kutenga nthawi kuti mudziwe za momwe mumadziwira ndikofunikira osati kumangoganizira zokha koma kuti zikhoza kusintha zotsatira. Onani malangizo awa momwe mungapezere uthenga wabwino wa khansa pa intaneti .
Njira Zothandizira Khansa
Kuti amvetse njira zosiyanasiyana zochizira khansa, anthu ena amaona kuti ndibwino kumvetsa mmene maselo a khansa ndi osiyana ndi maselo ochiritsira , monga momwe chithandizochi chimayendera "zina". Tiyambanso ndi mankhwala am'deralo ndikukambirana za mankhwala oyenera.
Opaleshoni Ngati Njira
Opaleshoni ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito popewera, kuchiza, siteji (kudziwa momwe khansara ikuyendera), ndikupeza khansa.
Malinga ndi chithandizo cha khansa, opaleshoni nthawi zambiri amachotsedwa kuchotsa zotupa kapena minofu yambiri ya khansa.
Kuchita opaleshoni ndi mankhwala abwino kwambiri kwa khansa zambiri, makamaka zomwe zimagwidwa mofulumira chifukwa ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera matenda. Anthu ena amawadodometsa kuti opaleshoniyo siingatheke pamatenda akuluakulu. Ngati chotupa chafalikira, chemotherapy ndi njira zina zothandizira ndizo njira zabwino kwambiri zothetsera khansa maselo omwe opaleshoni sangakwanitse.
Nthawi zina opaleshoni imaphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy kapena mankhwala opatsirana. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika mwa njira imodzi.
- Neoadjuvant chemotherapy amatanthauza chemotherapy yomwe imaperekedwa chisanachitike opaleshoni kuyesa kuchepetsa kukula kwa chotupa ndi kupanga opaleshoni mosavuta.
- Mankhwala a mankhwala a Adjuvant amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pambuyo poti opaleshoni, ndipo ndi njira yowononga maselo a khansa omwe angafalikire kupatula malo opanga opaleshoni, koma sangathe kudziwika pa masomphenya ojambula omwe tili nawo.
Palinso njira zingapo zomwe opaleshoni imagwirizanirana ndi mankhwala ena, koma dokotala wanu akulankhula za izi pofotokoza khansara yanu.
Mankhwala Opanga Mafuta
Thandizo la mankhwala monga tafotokozera pamwambapa ndi lachipatala. Zimathandiza kuthetseratu maselo a khansa m'munda omwe amauzidwa. Mankhwalawa amagwiritsira ntchito mitundu ina ya mphamvu kuti awononge matenda kapena kuthetsa maselo a khansa, powononga DNA ya selo ya khansa kotero silingathe kuchuluka. Maselo a kansa amathandiza kwambiri poizoni. Maselo abwino omwe ali pafupi angathe kuwonongedwanso, koma ambiri amatha kuganizira kwambiri zotsatira za kuwala kwa dzuwa kusiyana ndi maselo a khansa.
Mazira angaperekedwe m'njira zingapo, koma amatha kupasulidwa kukhala ma radiation akunja, omwe amatsogolera poizoni ndi chifuwa chochokera kunja kwa thupi, kapena ma radiation mkati kapena thupi lachilendo, momwe mbeu zimayambira mu thupi.
Kupititsa patsogolo kwakukulu kwapangidwa mu mankhwala opangira mazira kuti maselo wathanzi asawonongeke mochuluka ngati kale. Njira zatsopano zikupeza njira zothandizira mavitamini ochulukirapo kwambiri ku chifuwa kotero kuti chithandizo chikhoza kuchitika pochezera pang'ono.
Mofanana ndi mankhwala a chemotherapy, ma radiation angaperekedwe okha, kapena kuphatikizapo opaleshoni kapena chemotherapy. Kwa khansa zina, njira zamakono zowonongeka zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mmalo mwa opaleshoni, makamaka kwa omwe opaleshoni ingakhale yoopsa. Mankhwala angathenso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala opatsirana, omwe ndi mankhwala othandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro za khansara, koma popanda cholinga chochiza khansa.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy ndi mtundu wa khansa imene imagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Mosiyana ndi opaleshoni, chemotherapy imakhudza thupi lonse , osati gawo lenileni. Zimagwira ntchito polimbana ndi maselo ochuluka mofulumira. Mwatsoka, maselo ena m'matupi athu amachulukanso pamtunda waukulu, monga maselo a minofu, maselo m'mfupa yathu, ndi maselo omwe amayendetsa m'mimba mwathu. Ichi ndichifukwa chake chemo ikhoza kuyambitsa zotsatira zoyipa ngati tsitsi ndi kukhumudwa m'mimba.
Chemotherapy kawirikawiri amaperekedwa ndi mapiritsi kapena intravenously (IV) koma akhoza kuperekedwa m'njira zina. Mungagwiritse ntchito mtundu umodzi wa mankhwala a chemotherapy, koma mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikizapo mankhwala amphongo amathandiza kwambiri . Izi zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsira ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo amodzi omwe amachititsa kuti zitha kusokoneza magawo osiyana siyana m'madera osiyanasiyana.
Mwamwayi zotsatira za chemotherapy monga nseru ndizochiritsidwa kwambiri kuposa kale, ndipo anthu ambiri samakhala ndi nsanza pang'ono ndi kusanza.
Zotsatira Zothandizira
Njira zochiritsira ndizogwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mankhwala omwe amayenera kutsogolera makhalidwe enieni a khansara. Kwa zaka khumi zapitazi, taphunzira kuti khansara iliyonse ndi yosiyana, ndipo ili ndi mbiri yosiyana ya maselo. Pofuna kutsata njira zina zomwe zimathandiza kuti zikhale bwino, mankhwalawa amatha kuchiza khansa popanda zotsatira zambiri monga chemotherapy. Zina mwazidakwa zamankhwala zimathandiza kuchepetsa zizindikiro zomwe zimayambitsa chotupacho, pamene ena amagwira ntchito mwa kudula magazi ku chotupa, zomwe zimachititsa kuti afe ndi njala. Mbali iyi ya zamankhwala ikupita tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi mankhwala ambiri atsopano atangobvomerezedwa, ndipo ngakhale kuyesedwa kwakukulu mu mayesero a zamankhwala.
Kuti mudziwe amene angayankhe bwino mankhwalawa, ovomerezeka nthawi zambiri amapanga majekesero (maselo opanga maselo) pa chotupa chomwe chakhala chikuwonekera.
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy ndi gawo latsopano losangalatsa la chithandizo cha khansa-chimene inu mwinamvapopo posachedwapa pa nkhani. Pali njira zingapo zosiyana siyana za mankhwalawa, koma ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito chitetezo cha mthupi lathu kuti matupi athu amenyane ndi khansa. Mankhwalawa samagwira ntchito kwa aliyense, koma akamapanga angayambitse matenda a khansa kwa anthu ena, ngakhale kwa khansa yapamwamba.
Mayesero Amakono
Malingana ndi National Cancer Institute, anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ayenera kuganizira njira yothetsera mayesero. Mwamwayi, nthano zokhudzana ndi mayesero a zachipatala zimawopseza anthu, ndipo akuganiza kuti ndi anthu ochepa okha amene akuyenerera kuyesedwa. Zingakhale zothandiza kuzindikira kuti mankhwala ndi ndondomeko yomwe timachita tsopano ndi matenda a khansa idaphunzitsidwa kale mu mayesero a zachipatala. Tengani kamphindi kuti mudziwe za cholinga cha mayesero a kachipatala ndi momwe angakulimbikitseni kuthandizira kuti mukhale ndi chithandizo chabwino cha khansa koma zingakupatseni mwayi wapamwamba.
Njira Zochiritsira Zina
Ndikofunika kukhala osamala pakumva za "machiritso ozizwitsa" pa intaneti. Tsoka ilo, aliyense akhoza kusindikiza chirichonse pa intaneti. Izi zinkati, pamene njira zina zowonjezera zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira yothandizana nayo-pamodzi ndi njira zowonongeka zomwe zingakambidwe-zingathandize anthu kuthana ndi zizindikiro za khansa mosavuta. Tengani kamphindi kuti muphunzire za zina mwazochita zothandizira khansa monga kusinkhasinkha, kusisita, kutsekemera, ndi zina zambiri.
Kusankha Chithandizo
Musanakhale pansi ndi dokotala, onani mafunso awa kuti mufunse dokotala wanu za khansa yanu ndi kuwonjezera maganizo anu. Kawirikawiri khansara sichiyenera kuchitidwa mwamsanga, ndipo mudzakhala ndi nthawi yopenda mosamala zomwe mungachite ndikupeza lingaliro lachiwiri (kapena lachitatu kapena lachinayi). Sitingathe kudandaula mokwanira kuti ndifunika bwanji kukhala mtsogoleri wanu ngati khansara.
Chofunika koposa, khalani ndi chiyembekezo. Kupita patsogolo kuli kupangidwa ndi ngakhale zovuta kwambiri kuchiza khansa. Ngati ndi wokondedwa wanu yemwe watulukirapo, apa pali malingaliro okhudza momwe mungathandizire wokondedwa ndi khansa .
Chitsime:
National Cancer Institute. Kuchiza Khansa. Kusinthidwa 04/29/15.