Kodi Ndi Njira Yanji Yoyambira Kumayambiriro Koyambira Khansa Yam'mimba Ndi Chiyani Muyenera Kudziwa?
Kodi zikutanthauzanji ngati mutauzidwa kuti muli ndi khansara yamapapo oyambirira? Kodi ndi zizindikiro ziti zomwe zimakhalapo komanso zimayesedwa bwanji? Kodi mankhwala oyenera ndi otani?
Ngakhale kuti mukuwopa kwambiri ndipo mukudandaula ndi matenda anu, ndi bwino kuzindikira kuti mankhwala a kansa ya m'mapapo akukula bwino, ndipo ndalama zowonjezera zikukula.
Ndipo popeza kuchuluka kwa chithandizo cha mankhwala kuchichitika muzaka zingapo zapitazi, nkofunika kuti musataye mtima chifukwa cha nkhani zomwe anthu angakuuzeni mukamamva za matenda anu.
Tanthauzo
Dokotala wanu mwina adanena kuti muli ndi khansa ya m'mapapo yam'mbuyo kapena mwinamwake mwawerenga za mankhwala a khansa ya m'mapapo, koma kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani? Ndi magawo ati omwe amaonedwa mofulumira?
Kawirikawiri, kusiyana komwe kaŵirikaŵiri kumatchulidwa pofotokoza khansara yamapapu kumayambiriro kapena msinkhu wapamwamba ndi kuti khansa yamapapo yamapapo, oyang'anira opaleshoni akhoza kukhala njira yothandizira kuchiza. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, cholinga cha chithandizo nthawi zambiri ndi "kuchiza" osati "kupweteka" m'malo mwake kumayang'ana kupititsa patsogolo moyo ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro koma osachiza khansa.
Kansa
Zigawo zomwe zimaonedwa ngati zoyambirira zimadalira mtundu wina wa khansa.
Kansana ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ya mapapo pafupifupi 85 peresenti ya khansa ya m'mapapo.
Mankhwalawa ndi opatsirana kwambiri m'magazi adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma m'mapapo, ndi khansa yaikulu yamapapo ya m'mapapo. Maphunziro akuyang'aniridwa mofulumira (kapena ogwira ntchito) akuphatikizapo:
Khansara ya m'mapapo ya m'mapapo ndi kansa yachiwiri ya khansa ya m'mapapo ndipo imathyoledwa mu mitundu iwiri yokha, yoperewera kwambiri.
- Kansera yaing'ono ya khungu yamapapo ya m'mapapo ikhoza kutchulidwa msinkhu (Ngakhale kuti zotupazi zili pachiyambi, komabe opaleshoni sizimachitika kawirikawiri khansa yapakhungu yamapapo.)
Ngati mukuganiza ngati chinachake chomwe mumamva za "khansa ya m'mapapo oyambirira" chikugwiritsanso ntchito pazochitika zanu, kugawana mafunso anu ndi oncologist yanu.
Zizindikiro
Kumayambiriro, khansa ya m'mapapo yoyambirira imakhalabebe zizindikiro. Mankhwalawa akhoza kupezeka pa kufufuza khansa ya m'mapapo kapena amapezeka "mwadzidzidzi" pamene kuthandizira kwachitika chifukwa china.
Pamene zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo zilipo, zikhoza kuphatikizapo chifuwa chachikulu, kukakamira magazi, kupuma pang'ono, kapena kungokhala bwino. Zaka zaposachedwapa, zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo zakhala zikusintha, ndipo ngati matenda a mtima, zizindikiro za khansa ya m'mapapo mwa amayi zimasiyana ndi za amuna. Ndi mapapu adenocarcinoma - mtundu wa khansara womwe umapezeka kwambiri mwa amayi, achinyamata, ndi osasuta - ziphuphu zambiri zimakula kumadera akutali a m'mapapo kutali ndi misewu yaikulu. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, anthu omwe ali ndi khansa sangakhale ndi "zizindikiro" monga kukhwimitsa, koma nthawi zambiri amadziwa zizindikiro zosadziwika, monga kuchepetsa kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi.
Kudziwa
Pali mayesero ndi njira zambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kudziwa khansa yamapapo.
Mayesero ojambula monga CT scan angapangidwe kuti aganizire chotupacho ndi kuyang'ana kufalikira kwa chifuwa kumadera ena a thupi. Chiwopsezo cha mapapu kawirikawiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chitsimikizire kuti matendawa ndi otani ndipo amadziwa mtundu wa khansara. Ndikofunika kuti aliyense yemwe ali ndi mapapu adenocarcinoma, komanso khansa yonse ya khansa, ali ndi mapulogalamu a maselo omwe amachititsa chifuwa chawo . Ngati izi sizikumveka bwino, lankhulani ndi oncologist wanu za kuyesedwa.
Kuchiza Khansa
Kuti mumvetse bwino za khansa yamapapo yamapapo, zimathandiza kuthetsa mankhwalawa m'magulu awiri
- Mankhwala am'deralo ndiwo mankhwala omwe amachititsa khansa kumalo kumene adayambira. Mankhwala onse opaleshoni ndi ma radiation amaonedwa ngati mankhwala am'deralo
- Mankhwala othandiza amachititsa maselo a khansa ya m'mapapo kulikonse kumene angakhale ali m'thupi - chitsanzo chikhoza kukhala khansara yomwe yafalikira mafupa
Ndi khansa yamapapo yamapapo, mankhwala am'deralo nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi cholinga chochizira - cholinga chochiza matenda. Ndi khansa ya m'mapapo, mapulogalamu opaleshoni ndi opaleshoni (monga SBRT) angakhale zonse zofunika.
Mankhwala othandiza nthawi zambiri amachitidwa kuwonjezera pa opaleshoni ya kansa ya m'mapapo oyambirira. Ngati zili choncho, kufufuza zojambula sikungasonyeze umboni wowonjezeka, koma zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magulu aliwonse a khansa afalikira. Tikudziwa kuti mapapo a khansa amayamba kutuluka, ndipo izi zimangodzinso chifukwa cha izi - zomwe siziwoneka - maselo.
Opaleshoni - Kuchita opaleshoni kawirikawiri ndi mankhwala omwe amasankha kwa khansa ya m'mapapo oyambirira. Pali mitundu yambiri ya opaleshoni yomwe ingakhoze kuchitidwa, malingana ndi kukula ndi malo a chotupa chanu. Kuchita opaleshoni kungapangidwe kupyolera mu chifuwa chachikulu cha chifuwa, koma chikuwonjezereka mwa njira yochepa yomwe imatchedwa opaleshoni ya opaleshoni yamagetsi (VATS. ) Osati opaleshoni onse amachita izi. Kuphatikizanso apo, pali zotupa zomwe sitingapeze bwino ndi njira iyi. Popeza zotsatira za opaleshoni zapezeka kuti zili bwino mukamapanga malo opatsirana khansa omwe amachititsa opaleshoni yaikuluyi, mungafune kukachezera, kapena kukhala ndi lingaliro lachiwiri pa chimodzi mwa zikuluzikulu za National Cancer Institute-malo opatsirana khansa.
Mankhwala othandizira ma ARV / SBRT - Mankhwalawa amatha kuchitidwa opaleshoni ngati mankhwala opatsirana. Kwa zotupa zomwe zili msinkhu, koma osagwiritsidwa ntchito, chifukwa cha thupi, radiotherapy (SBRT) , yomwe imadziwika kuti "cyberknife" ikhoza kuchitidwa ndi cholinga chochizira. Kafukufuku apeza kuti mwa anthu omwe ali oyenerera kuchipatala, zotsatira zikhoza kukhala zofanana ndi za opaleshoni.
Chemotherapy - Chemotherapy khansa ya m'mapapo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito patatha opaleshoni ngati mankhwala opatsirana. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito motero, chemotherapy yakonzedwa kuti iwononge maselo alionse a khansa omwe angafalikire kupitirira chifuwa chanu, koma sangathe kudziwika ndi mayesero omwe tili nawo.
Kuchiritsira kwa mankhwala - Kufotokozera maselo kumathandiza wanu oncologist kudziwa ngati muli ndi kusintha kwa jini kapena zokonzanso zomwe "zikuwongolera." Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ngati pali mankhwala omwe avomerezedwa kapena ali mu mayesero a chithandizo omwe "akuwombera" kusintha kwenikweni kwa chibadwa mumatumbo anu. Mankhwalawa amalola odwala oncologist kuti azichiza khansa kwambiri, mwa zomwe zatchedwa "mankhwala oyenera."
Immunotherapy - Immunotherapy ndi mtundu watsopano wa mankhwala a kansa ndi mankhwala oyamba m'kalasili omwe akuvomerezedwa mu 2015 ndi khansa ya m'mapapo. Zimagwira ntchito pothandizira chitetezo cha mthupi lanu pozindikira ndi kuyambitsa maselo a khansa m'thupi lanu.
Kulimbana
Kupezeka ndi khansara yamapapu ndi koopsa ngati ndikumayambiriro kapena msinkhu. Ngati mwangodziwa kuti inu kapena wokondedwa wanu muli ndi khansara yamapapo, onani njira zoyamba zomwe mungatsatire pamene mwapezeka kuti muli ndi khansara yamapapo .
Kukhala ndi khansa ya m'mapapo kumakhala mudzi. Odwala akugwira ntchito limodzi kwambiri ndi oncologists m'njira yomwe tsopano yapangidwa "kupanga nawo mbali." Koma mungaphunzire bwanji za khansara yanu kuti mupange zisankho zofunika izi? Nazi malingaliro a momwe mungafufuzire khansa yanu pa intaneti , komanso momwe mungakhalire nokha mutetezi mu chisamaliro chanu.
Ndilibe zotsatira zowonjezera, koma "matumbo" anga amandiuza kuti anthu omwe amachita bwino ndi khansa ya m'mapapo ndi omwe ali ndi chithandizo chogwirizana kwambiri. Pali gulu la khansa yamapapo kwambiri - malo omwe mungathe kupeza chithandizo ndi kuphunzira za mtundu wanu wa khansa. Onani zambiri zokhudza magulu othandizira khansa yamapapo pa intaneti ndi madera kuti mudziwe momwe mungayambitsire kugwirizana.
Kwa Okondedwa
Ngati ndi wokondedwa wanu yemwe watulukira kale, mwina mukuchita mantha, komanso kuwonjezera apo, muyenera kuthana ndi maganizo a kusowa thandizo omwe amapita ndi kusamalidwa khansa. Nkhaniyi yonena za " wokondedwa wanu ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo " akunena za anthu omwe ali ndi khansa ya m'mapapo amafuna kuti mabwenzi awo ndi mabanja awo adziwe za kukhala ndi matendawa. N'kofunikanso kuti muonetsetse kuti mumadziyang'anira nokha. Onani malangizo awa pa kudzisamalira nokha monga wosamalira .
Zotsatira:
Dziedzic, D., ndi T. Orlowski. Udindo wa VATS mu Kuchita Khansa ya M'mimba: Mmene Zilili Panopa ndi Zomwe Zimapangidwira Kukula. Opaleshoni Yochepa Kwambiri . 2015. 2015: 938430.
Eberhardt, W., De Ruysscher, D., ndi W. Weder. Msonkhano wachiwiri wa ESMO Consensus mu khansa ya khansa: kansa yapamwamba yachitatu yopanda khansa ya mapapo. Annals of Oncology . 2015. 26 (8): 1573-88.
White, A., ndi S. Swanson. Kuchita opaleshoni poyerekeza ndi stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) ya khansa ya m'mapapo osakhala yaing'ono ya mapapo. Journal of Thoracic Disease . 2016. 8 (Suppl 4): S399-405.