A melanocyte ndi mtundu wa selo umene uli makamaka pamsana wosanjikiza wa epidermis . Ma Melanocytes amapanga melanin, mtundu wofiirira umene umayambitsa khungu komanso kuteteza ku zotsatira za kuwala kwa UV. Ma Melanocyte amakhalanso pamutu ndi mu irises maso.
Makina a Melanocytes
Ma Melanocytes amayamba mu neural crest: gulu laling'ono la maselo amabulosi omwe amamangiriridwa ngati neural tube-kapena mawonekedwe a msana.
Pakati pa umoyo wa umoyo, ma melanocytes amachokera ku neural crest kupita ku basal wosanjikiza wa epidermis. Ma Melanocyte amawoneka ngati nthambi, zomwe zimawathandiza kusuntha melanin ku maselo ena a khungu, monga keratinocytes . Keratinocytes ndiwo maselo ambiri a khungu omwe amalimbitsa tsitsi, misomali, ndi khungu.
Kupanga
Melanocytes imatulutsa melanin, yomwe imaikidwa m'maselo a epidermal. Pali mitundu iwiri yosiyana ya melanin yomwe ma melanocytes amabala: eumelanin, yomwe imakhala yofiira kwambiri, komanso phaeomelanin, yomwe imakhala ndi zofiira kapena zachikasu.
Kupanga mankhwala a melanin kumayendetsedwa ndi hormone ya peptide yomwe imapezeka m'matumbo otchedwa pituitary ndipo amadziwika kuti hormonecyte-stimulating hormone. Zikodzo zapakati ndi ma sitirojeni otchedwa estrogen omwe amapezeka panthawi yomwe ali ndi mimba amachititsa kuti chiberekero chikhale ndi mahomoni ambiri.
Koma ma melanocyte samagwira ntchito nthawi zonse monga momwe ayenera. Mwachitsanzo, Vitiligo ndi chikopa cha khungu limene ma melanocytes samapangitsa kuti tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timayambitsa melanin.
Kuperewera kwa melanin kumatembenuzira tsitsi kumadera kapena malo okhudzidwa. Zina zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi kusowa kwa melanin ndi ulubino ndi phenylketonuria.
Kufunika kwa Melanini
Mtundu wa khungu la munthu umasiyana. Mthunzi wake weniweni umatsimikiziridwa ndi magazi omwe akuyenda mmenemo, zakudya, ndi melanin yotulutsa melanocytes.
Kawirikawiri anthu amakhala ndi melanocyte; kuchuluka kwa melanin kuti ma melanocytes amenewa amabereka, komabe, ndi omwe amasiyana.
Melanin imateteza khungu pakuliteteza ku dzuwa. Khungu likadziwika ndi dzuwa, kupanga mankhwala a melanin kumawonjezeka, chomwe chimapangitsa tani. Ndi thupi la chitetezo cha thupi poletsa kusana ndi dzuwa.
Nthawi mu dzuwa imabwera ndi mtengo
Aliyense amawoneka bwino ndi kuwala, koma zimadza phindu. Kuwononga nthawi yambiri padzuwa (kapena mu kama wotsuka) n'koopsa. Tengani kutentha kwa dzuwa, mwachitsanzo. Zimatengera nthawi kuti ma melanocytes apange melanin ndi kuteteza khungu ku dzuwa lotentha. Pamene ma melanocytes sangathe kugwira ntchito mofulumira kupanga tani, kuwala kwa dzuwa kumachokera ku dzuwa kukhoza kuyaka khungu ndikumusiya wowala wofiira kapena wofiira. Kuwonongeka kwa dzuwa kumatulukiranso pakapita nthawi, zomwe zingachititse khansa yapakhungu. Kuwonjezera khungu lanu, mumakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi khansara ya khungu. Choncho onetsetsani kuti mukuwona dermatologist nthawi zonse pofuna kufufuza khungu.
Kuwala kwa dzuwa sikuli koyipa konse , komabe. Khungu limagwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa kuti likhale ndi vitamini D, lomwe limatenga calcium ndipo ndilofunika kuti mafupa amphamvu ndi kukula.