Kujambula zithunzi kumatulutsa kuwonongeka kwa dzuwa chifukwa cha dzuwa lotentha, makamaka mazira a UVA ndi UVB, ndipo amatha kuyambitsa khansa ya khungu . Khungu lambiri limasintha pamene timakula msinkhu ndi dzuwa.
Khungu limapangidwa ndi zigawo zitatu : epidermis , dermis , ndi minofu yapansi . Dermis imakhala ndi mapuloteni kuphatikizapo collagen, elastin ndi zithunzithunzi zina zomwe zimakhudza mphamvu ya khungu ndi kukomoka kwake, ndipo zimayang'anira khungu labwino komanso lachinyamata.
Mazira a UV (UVR) amawononga mapuloteni ofunikira amenewa, zomwe zimabweretsa photoaging .
Zizindikiro ndi Zizindikiro
Mwinamwake muli ndi malingaliro abwino omwe photoaging ikuwoneka. Mwinamwake mwayang'ana pa zithunzi za magazini, mwawona mnzanu, ndipo munayankha kuti munthuyo mwachiwonekere anali ndi dzuwa lotentha kwambiri (ndipo mwinamwake kusuta komanso zomwe zimayambitsanso kuwononga khungu.)
Zizindikiro za Photoaging zingaphatikizepo:
- Wrinkles
- Chikopa chotupa (kusadziletsa)
- Mawanga amdima ("mawanga a zaka")
- Mitsempha ya mitsempha yosweka (telangiectasias)
- Chikopa chachikasu khungu
- Nsalu kwa khungu
- Kupaka mawotchi
- Kulira kosavuta
Zimayambitsa
UVR ili ndi mazira a UVA ndi UVB. Kawirikawiri, UVB imatentha, pamene mazira a UVA amakalamba khungu, koma pali zambiri zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli.
Mazira a UV amakhala ndi mawonekedwe a wavelengths ochulukirapo ndipo amatha kudutsa kwambiri m'mimba. Mazira akuwonongeka a collagen omwe amachititsa kuti pakhale mavitamini ambiri. Kuchuluka kotereku kwa elastin kumayambitsa kupanga michere yomwe imatchedwa metalloproteinases yomwe imakonzanso collagen.
Komabe, mavitaminiwa amatha kuwononga kwambiri collagen kusiyana ndi kubwezeretsa khungu molakwika. Pamene khungu likuwonekera ku mazira a UVA tsiku ndi tsiku, ndondomekoyi imabwereza kubwereza, zomwe zimabweretsa makwinya komanso khungu.
Kuwonekera kwa UVA kumapangitsanso mizere yabwino ndi makwinya m'maso, m'kamwa, pamphumi, komanso m'mawanga, kapena m'matumba.
Malo okalamba ndi malo amitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imayambitsidwa ndi dzuwa. Amaoneka osati pamaso koma pamtundu wonse, kuphatikizapo manja, mikono, chifuwa ndi kumbuyo.
Kupewa
Ngakhale zinthu zambiri zojambula zithunzi sizingapeŵe, zizindikiro zooneka za ukalamba zingalephereke . Gwiritsani ntchito kuwala kwa dzuwa kwa SPF 30 tsiku lililonse (kugwiritsira ntchito zinthu zomwe zimateteza motsutsana ndi UVA) kumadera omwe amadziwika ndi dzuwa: nkhope, khosi, chifuwa, manja, mikono, miyendo, etc. Kuwonjezera pa kupewa photoaging, Kugwiritsa ntchito sunscreen tsiku ndi tsiku kumachepetsanso zizindikiro zamakono za photoaging, komanso chiopsezo cha khansa yapakhungu. Chifukwa cha kufalikira kwa vitamini D m'mayiko otukuka, ndipo zotsatira za kusowa kwa ntchito, mabungwe ena a m'madzi akuyamikira kutsika kwa dzuwa popanda kuwala kwa dzuwa (ndipo mudzamva zambiri za izi.) Mawu ofunikira pano, komabe, ndi ochepa. Mphindi 10 mpaka 15 dzuwa limakhala ndi nthawi yambiri kuti mupeze vitamini D wathanzi, wathanzi musanagwiritse ntchito kuwala kwanu kwa dzuwa.
Chinthu chofunika kwambiri chomwe mungachite kuti muchepetse khungu lanu (kupatula kuchepetsa kutentha kwa dzuwa) ndiko kusankha khungu la dzuwa lomwe limakutetezani ku mazira a UVA.
Izo zinati, izo siziri zophweka. Ndipotu, mumapezeka kupeza mankhwala omwe amadziwonetsera ngati mauthenga ambiri koma samakutetezani ku mazira a UVA.
Kuti mupeze kuwala kwa dzuwa komwe kumateteza mazira a UVA, nkofunika kuti musangowona mutu pa phukusi koma kuti muwerenge mndandanda wa zosakaniza. Phunzirani za zowonjezera zowonjezera dzuwa zomwe zimateteza motsutsana ndi mazira a UVA , kuphatikizapo ubwino ndi malonda a zinthu zosiyanasiyana, komanso momwe utsi wa dzuwa udzakhalire pakati pa ntchito.
Pakubwera kwa dzuwa, nthawi zambiri timaiwala kuti pali njira zochepetsera kuchepa kwa khungu chifukwa cha dzuwa.
Popeza palibe kuwala kozizira kwa dzuwa komwe kungakuteteze ku zowonongeka zonse, kumbukirani kuti:
- Pewani kutuluka kwa dzuŵa dzuwa likalimba kwambiri - kawirikawiri pakati pa 10 am ndi 2 koloko masana
- Gwiritsani ntchito maambulera ndi mthunzi
- Valani chipewa chachikulu kuti muteteze nkhope yanu
- Valani zovala zoteteza, mwachitsanzo, zovala zowonongeka ndi chinthu cha SPF
Pomaliza, musaiwale maso anu. Kukhala kunja dzuwa popanda magalasi owala kumatha kuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa macular , chomwe chimayambitsa khungu ndi ukalamba.
Kuchiza
Mtengo wa golide wochizira photoage, makamaka photoage yofatsa ndi yochepa, wakhala ndi vitamini A monga mankhwala monga retinol ndi retin mankhwala. Zogulitsa zamtundu wambiri zingakhale zogwira mtima, koma mankhwala opatsirana (retin A ndi Differin) ndi ochepa kwambiri. Mankhwalawa ankagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa acne ndikupeza kuti kuchepetsa kupindika, makamaka mizere yabwino, ndi makwinya a nkhope. Ntchito ya retinoids poonjezera ndalama zowonjezera ndipo zingatenge miyezi ingapo musanazindikire kusintha. Anthu ena amakhala ndi ubweya wofiira komanso kuthamanga pamene mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito apamwamba amagwiritsidwa ntchito, koma kuwonjezeka kwa mlingo kumatha kuthetsa zomwe zimachitika.
Palinso maulendo ambiri okhudza dermatological omwe amachititsa kuti zithunzi zisawonongeke, zomwe zimaphatikizapo njira zamakono zowonjezereka, kuphatikizapo chithandizo cha photodynamic, kuwala kwambiri kwa pulus, ndi laser:
- Thandizo la photodynamic ndi njira yomwe imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira pakhungu. Pamene mankhwalawa alowerera pakhungu, malo omwe amakhudzidwa amapezeka ku kuwala komwe kumayambitsa mankhwala, kulimbikitsa kukula kwa collagen komwe kumapangitsa khungu kukhala mawonekedwe aunyamata, osocheretsa.
- Kuunika kwakukulu kwa pulus ndi njira yothandizira kuchepetsa maonekedwe a majekesedwe osagwirizana ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha ya magazi pamisonkhano yambiri.
- Mankhwalawa amatha kusamalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya khungu malinga ndi kutalika kwa kuwala komwe kumagwiritsidwa khungu. Zojambula zosiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochepetsera mitsempha ya mitsempha, kusamalira mawanga, kuchepetsa makwinya, kuchotsa tsitsi, ndi zina zotero.
Mfundo Yofunika Kwambiri
Kusunga khungu lanu lachichepere ndi la thanzi likuwoneka kumatanthauza kusamala dzuwa. Komabe kwa iwo omwe anali ndi nthawi yowonjezera dzuwa, pali mankhwala ena omwe samachiza koma amachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa khungu. Kumbukirani kuti chomwe chimayambitsa makwinya, chimayambitsa khansara ya khungu.
Zotsatira:
Borges, J., Manela-Azulay, M., ndi T. Cuzzi. Photoaging ndi Clinical Uliwonse wa Laser Fractional. Dermatology ya Clinic, Cosmetic and Investigational . 2016. 9: 107-14.
Pittayapruek, P., Meephansan, J., Prapapan, O., Komine, M., ndi M. Ohtsuki. Udindo wa Matrix Metalloproteinases mu Photoaging ndi Photocarcinogenesis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences . 2016. 17 (6): pii: E868.
Riahi, R., Bush, A., ndi P. Cohen. Topical Retinoids: Njira Zothandizira pa Chithandizo cha Katundu Wachikopa. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology . 2016. 17 (3): 265-76.