Matenda owopsa a m'mimba (IBS) ndi matenda opatsirana a m'mimba (chifuwa chachikulu) chomwe chimayambitsa kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kupweteka, kudzimbidwa, ndi / kapena kutsekula m'mimba. IBS imatchulidwa ngati matenda okhudza m'mimba chifukwa palibe mankhwala kapena chilengedwe chifukwa amatha kufotokoza zizindikiro. Pambuyo poyezetsa magazi, chidebe sichisonyeza umboni wa matenda monga zilonda kapena kutupa.
Choncho, IBS imapezedwa kokha pokhapokha ngati matenda ena ndi matenda ena amatha.
Nthawi zambiri IBS siimadziwika bwino kapena imatchedwa kuti colitis, colitis, colon, sportic colon, matenda opweteka kwambiri, kapena matumbo (colon). Zosokoneza izi zikupitirirabe, ngakhale IBS tsopano yodziwika ndi yosamalidwa. Kukhudza anthu pakati pa 25 ndi 55 miliyoni ku United States, IBS amafika pa 2.5 mpaka 3.5 miliyoni chaka chilichonse kukachezera madokotala. 20 mpaka 40 peresenti ya onse omwe amapita ku gastroenterologists ndi chifukwa cha zizindikiro za IBS.
Zizindikiro
Zizindikiro za IBS zingaphatikizepo izi:
- Gasi
- Ululu
- Kutseka
- Nausea
- Kuthamanga
- Mucus mu mpando
- Kutsekedwa
- Kutsekula m'mimba
Nthawi zambiri zimatulutsidwa ndi kayendedwe ka thupi, koma anthu ena omwe ali ndi IBS akhoza kukhala ndi zipsinjo ndipo sangathe kudutsa chilichonse. Zizindikiro zikuluzikulu zimasiyanasiyana, ndipo zimatha kukhala phokoso lokhazika mtima pansi. Magazi muchitetezo , malungo, kutaya thupi, kusanza bile, ndi kupweteka kosalekeza sikuli zizindikiro za IBS ndipo zingakhale zotsatira za vuto lina. IBS siimatsogolera ku matenda alionse, monga matenda a Crohn kapena ulcerative colitis, kapena mtundu uliwonse wa khansa ya m'mimba.
Zimayambitsa
Minofu mumtunduwu imagwira ntchito kangapo patsiku, kusuntha zinyenyesedwe pamapeto ndipo pamapeto pake zimayambitsa kuyenda. Zimakhulupirira kuti munthu amene ali ndi IBS, minofu imeneyi imakhala yovuta kwambiri kuzinthu zinazake.
Ochita kafukufuku sadziwa kwenikweni chifukwa chake minofu yomwe ili mumtunda wa munthu amene ali ndi IBS ndi yowopsya kwambiri.
Komabe, IBS siyinayambidwe ndi nkhawa kapena mphamvu. Anthu ena ali ndi zizindikiro zoyamba za IBS panthawi yovuta pamoyo wawo monga imfa ya wachibale kapena kutaya ntchito. Komabe, zovuta izi sizinayambitse vutoli koma m'malo mwake zinapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwambiri.
Maonekedwe Osiyana a IBS
Pali mitundu itatu ya IBS: Matenda otsekula m'mimba (D-IBS), kudzimbidwa kwambiri (C-IBS), komanso kudzimbidwa ndi kutsekula m'mimba (A-IBS). Zizindikiro za mitundu yosiyanasiyana zikuphatikizapo:
- D-IBS: Kusamva kwa m'mimba kapena kupweteka, kufulumira, ndi kutsekula m'mimba
- C-IBS: Kusokonekera kwa m'mimba kapena kupweteka, kupweteka ndi kudzimbidwa
- A-IBS: Zizindikiro zochepa za D-IBS ndi C-IBS
Kudziwa
IBS ikudziwikiratu kuti kusokonezeka, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti matenda a chilengedwe, matenda, kapena chifukwa china cha zizindikiro ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Mu 1988 gulu la madokotala linatanthauzira zoyenera kuti zizindikire molondola za IBS. Zomwe zimadziwika kuti Zotsatira za Roma , izi ndizimene zikufotokozera zizindikiro ndipo zimagwiritsa ntchito magawo monga nthawi ndi nthawi zimapangitsa kuti azindikire bwino za IBS.
Zizindikiro mu Zofunikira za Roma sizizindikiro zokha za IBS. Zizindikilo zopanda mphamvu ndizo:
- Nausea
- Kutopa
- Kumverera kwathunthu pambuyo ngakhale chakudya chaching'ono
- Kuthamanga
Mayesero Amagwiritsidwa Ntchito Pofufuza
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito zofunikira za Rome, madokotala akhoza kuyesa mayesero angapo kuti athetse kutupa kapena matenda m'thupi.
Mayeso a magazi. Kuyezetsa magazi kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kudziŵa kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi kapena ngati magazi akupezeka. Kuchuluka kwa maselo oyera a magazi kumapereka madokotala chizindikiro chakuti kutupa kukuchitika kwinakwake mkati mwa thupi. Kutupa si chizindikiro cha IBS.
Mayeso a magazi a Fecal. Chiyesochi chikhoza kuzindikira kuti magazi amachokera kumbali iliyonse m'magazi, ngakhale ngati sakuwonekeratu.
Magazi muchitetezo si chizindikiro cha IBS.
Chikhalidwe chobisa. Dokotala angafunike kuthetsa zifukwa zina zotsekula m'mimba, monga matenda a bakiteriya kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndi chikhalidwe chachitetezo. Ngati mabakiteriya aliwonse amapezeka, asayansi angathe kuyesa kuti adziwe kuti ndi mitundu iti komanso kuti ndi yabwino bwanji kuchiza.
Barium enema. A barium enema (kapena m'mimba mwachisawawa) amagwiritsira ntchito sulfate ya barium ndi mpweya kuti afotokozerere chigawo cha rectum ndi colon. Zovuta za m'mimba zingathe kuoneka ngati zakuda kapena maonekedwe amkati pamatumbo atagona pa X-ray.
Sigmoidoscopy. A sigmoidoscopy ndi njira yoti dokotala ayese gawo limodzi lachitatu la matumbo akuluakulu. Chidziwitso chingatengedwe panthawiyi, chomwe chidzayesedwa kuti athandize dokotala kudziwa chomwe chimayambitsa kutupa.
Colonoscopy. Colonoscopy imagwiritsiridwa ntchito kufufuza mkati mwa coloni kupyola m'madera omwe sigmoidoscopy imatha kufika. Zizindikiro zimatengedwa panthawi ya kuyesedwa ndipo odwala amakhala pansi kapena amapatsidwa "kugona tulo" kuti asamve ululu uliwonse.
Mayesero ena angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi madokotala ofunikira kuti azindikire IBS kapena kutulukira zotsatira zina zomwe zingatheke.
Mankhwala a Chithandizo
Mankhwala osiyanasiyana angagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza IBS. Cholinga cha mankhwala ndi kuchepetsa zizindikiro zovuta za IBS monga kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka, kupweteka, kapena kudzimbidwa.
Anticholinergics. Gululi la mankhwala osokoneza bongo limakhudza maselo a mitsempha kapena mitsempha ya mitsempha ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa mitsempha ya m'mimba m'mimba ndikuthandiza zizindikiro za IBS monga kupweteka kapena kutsekula m'mimba.
- Dicyclomine (Bentyl). Dicyclomine imathetsanso mitsempha ndi chikhodzodzo kuti zisawononge mpweya komanso kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mimba ya m'mimba. Dicyclomine ingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwino nthawi yaitali, motsogoleredwa ndi dokotala. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kudzimbidwa, kuyamwa pakamwa, mphuno, mmero, kapena khungu komanso kuchepa kutaya thukuta (zomwe zingapangitse kutentha kwapakati).
- Belladonna / Phenobarbital (Donnatal, Antispas, Barbidonna, Donnapine, Hyosophen, Spasmolin). Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala awiriwa kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupumula minofu mu chikhodzodzo ndi m'matumbo komanso kuchepetsa m'mimba acid. Phenobarbital ndi chizoloŵezi chochepetsetsa chingakhale chizoloŵezi. Zotsatira zoyipa za belladonna / phenobarbital zikuphatikizapo mutu, kunyoza, kudzimbidwa, kupweteka, ndi kusanza. Mankhwalawa angatenge masiku 4 kapena asanu kuti akhale ogwira ntchito, ndipo, moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala, akhoza kugwiritsa ntchito bwino nthawi yaitali.
- Hyoscyamine (Levsin, Anaspaz). Kuphatikiza kwa mankhwala awiri, belladonna alkaloids ndi barbiturates, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupumitsa minofu mu chikhodzodzo ndi m'matumbo komanso kuchepetsa m'mimba acid. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kupweteka mutu, kunyowa, kudzimbidwa, kupweteka, ndi kusanza. Hyoscyamine ikhoza kutengedwa nthawi yaitali motsogoleredwa ndi dokotala pokhapokha ngati zovuta zilibe kapena zolekerera.
- Chlordiazepoxide / clidinium (Librax) . Chlordiazepoxide / clidinium imapewa spams m'matumbo komanso chikhodzodzo. Chlordiazepoxide ndizokhalira pansi ndipo zingakhale zozoloŵera. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo kumverera kozizira, kuchepa kutuluka thukuta, chizungulire, kugona, kuuma kwa pakamwa, ndi mutu. Mankhwalawa angatenge masiku 4 kapena asanu kuti agwiritse ntchito, ndipo, kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala kungagwiritsidwe bwino nthawi yaitali.
Matenda osokoneza bongo. Mankhwala oletsa kutsekula amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa zotsatira za matumbo. Mankhwalawa akhoza kuteteza kutsekula m'mimba kumene kumachitika ku IBS.
- Diphenoxylate / atropine (Lomotil). Gawo la diphenoxylate la mankhwalawa limagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kutsekula m'mimba, pamene atropine imatulutsa spams minofu m'matumbo. Zotsatira zoyipa zimaphatikizapo mutu, chizungulire, kugona, kuona masomphenya, pakamwa, ndi kudzimbidwa. Ngakhale si mankhwala osokoneza bongo, diphenoxylate imachokera ku zitsamba zamadzimadzi ndipo ikhoza kukhazikika mwachikondi. Diphenoxylate / atropine nthawi zambiri amalembedwa kuti athetse kutsegula m'mimba nthawi yayitali ndipo sakuvomerezedwa kuti agwiritse ntchito nthawi yayitali.
- Alosetron hydrochloride (Lotronex). Mankhwalawa amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochizira amayi omwe ali ndi D-IBS kwambiri. Alosetron hydrochloride amavomerezedwa ndipo kenako amachotsedwa kumsika ndi FDA pambuyo pa zochitika zingapo zoyipa kwa amayi omwe akuzitenga. Tsopano ikuvomerezedwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito pazing'ono. Alosetron hydrochloride imasokoneza ntchito ya seratonin, mankhwala omwe ali ndi thupi lomwe limakhudza matumbo ndi ubweya. Chithandizo chimayamba ndi kuyesedwa kwa masabata 4 ndipo chikhoza kupitiriridwa kwa masabata ena 4 pansi pa kuyang'anira dokotala.
Zida Zothandizira Ndi Zizindikiro
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi IBS akhoza kupititsa patsogolo mankhwala opatsirana pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala kapena mankhwala. Pali zowonjezereka zomwe zingathandize ndi zizindikiro za IBS, komabe n'kofunika kuzindikira kuti angakhalenso ndi zotsatirapo, ndipo ntchito yawo iyenera kuwonetsedwa nthawi zonse kwa madokotala ngati mankhwala ena alionse a mankhwala.
Acidophilus. Acidophilus ndi "mabakiteriya wabwino" omwe amakhala mumtundu wanu. Choonjezera chingathandize wathanzi kumatenda mabakiteriya kukula pamene akuchepetsa mabakiteriya owopsa. Fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku mapiritsi a acidophilus. FOS ndi chakudya chimene sichimafota ndi anthu, koma zimathandiza kuthandiza mabakiteriya opindulitsa kukula. Acidophilus amabwera mu mawonekedwe a capsule, ndipo mabakiteriya ayenera kukhala amoyo kuti agwire ntchito.
Chamomile . Chamomile ndi yodziwika ndi anti-spasmodic ndipo imatha kuchepetsa minofu m'magazi. Ngakhale kuti palibe maphunziro aumunthu omwe adachitidwa pazowonjezeretsa izi motsutsana ndi IBS, zatsimikiziridwa kuchepetsa kukwiya ndi kudumpha nyama. Chamomile ingatengedwe monga tiyi, kapena kapsule.
Ginger . Ginger wakhala akudziwika kale kuthandiza kuthana ndi nseru, ndipo zingakhale zothandizira kuchititsa kuti anthu azivutika komanso kuchepetsa zipsyinjo zopweteka. Ginger ingatengedwe monga tiyi, capsule, kapena chakudya.
Mafuta a Peppermint . Peppermint ikhoza kutulutsa minofu m'magazi. Izi zimathandizira kuchepetsa kupatsirana m'matumbo, koma imathandizanso kuchepetsa kupweteka kwa matendawa komanso kuyambitsa kupweteka kapena kukulitsa matenda a reflux a gastroesophageal . Mafuta a peppermint angatengedwe mu kapsule kapena mawonekedwe a tiyi. Ngakhale zogwira ntchito bwino, makapisozi angayambitse kupweteka kwa anal.
Njira Zochiritsira Ndiponso Zothandizira
Hypnosis. Kuphunzira koyamba mu 1984 kunawonetsa kuti odwala a IBS omwe amachiritsidwa ndi hypnotherapy sanasonyeze kusintha kwakukulu kwa zizindikiro zawo komanso sanathenso kuyambiranso panthawi yophunzira kwa mwezi umodzi. Gutenga Hypnotherapy kunapangidwa makamaka kwa odwala IBS ndipo zatsimikiziridwa kuchepetsa zizindikiro 80% za milandu.
Njira Yopanda Kulingalira . Thandizo lachikhalidwe limathandiza kufotokozera mabungwe omwe ali pakati pa zowawa ndi momwe munthu amachitira ndi iwo. Thandizo la kulingalira limayesa mgwirizano pakati pa maganizo ndi zizindikiro. Pamodzi mankhwalawa awiri amadziwika kuti chidziwitso chodziletsa (CBT). Mankhwala angayambe ndi diary ya zizindikiro za IBS, kenako pitirizani ku biofeedback, kukamba zokamba, komanso kuchepetsa mayankho osayenerera.
Mmene Zakudya Zimakhudzira IBS
Ngakhale zakudya siziyambitsa IBS, kudya zakudya zina, zomwe zimatchedwa "zakudya zowonongeka" zingayambitse zizindikiro za kutsekula m'mimba, kupweteka kapena kupweteka. Tsoka ilo, palibe chakudya chomwe chidzagwire ntchito kwa anthu onse omwe ali ndi IBS, koma pali malangizo ena omwe angathandize.
Kudya zakudya zingapo zing'onozing'ono patsiku, osati zazikulu zitatu zingathandize kuchepetsa zizindikiro (chakudya chachikulu chingayambitse kupweteka ndi kutsegula m'mimba). Kuwonjezera apo, zingakhale zothandiza kusunga chakudya chochepa mu mafuta ndi chakudya chambiri monga mkate wa tirigu, pasita, mpunga, zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, ndi tirigu. Zakudya zochepa za mafuta, zotsika kwambiri zingathandizenso ndi ululu wokhala ndi chakudya.
Zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndizo:
- Mowa
- Zakudya zotsekemera zopangira mavitamini kapena olowa shuga
- Mafuta opangira (Olestra)
- Zakumwa zakumwa
- Mkaka wa kokonati
- Khofi (ngakhale decaffeinated)
- Mayi
- Mazira a mazira
- Zakudya Zokazinga
- Mafuta
- Katemera wa nkhuku ndi nyama yakuda
- Nyama yofiira
- Kufupikitsa
- Chokoleti Cholimba
Mafuta a shuga amakhala ndi mapindu angapo omwe angachepetse zizindikiro za IBS. Zida zapangidwe zimatha kuteteza mpweya chifukwa zimapangitsa kuti mcherewo usasokonezeke. Amatenganso madzi, omwe amathandiza kuti ziwalo zisakhale zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimakhala zovuta kudutsa. Poyamba kutembenukira ku zakudya zamtundu wapamwamba zingapangitse mpweya ndi bloat, koma zizindikirozi ziyenera kuchepa mu masabata pang'ono pamene thupi limasintha.
Zakudya zowonjezera zingakhale zothandiza pakuwonjezera fiber yoyenera ku zakudya. Pali mitundu itatu yambiri ya zowonjezera mavitamini (psyllium, methylcellulose, ndi polycarbophil) ndipo iliyonse ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana, zotsatira zake, ndi katundu.
Kuchepetsa kudya zakudya zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a m'mimba zingathandize kuchepetsa kupweteka. Gum afuna kutulutsa mpweya mu thupi, monga kumadyetsa mpweya pamene akudya (zomwe zingachitike pamene akumwa madzi kapena kumayankhula pamene akudya). Zakumwa zamadzimadzi (monga popu ya soda kapena madzi ozizira) zingathenso kuyambitsa kupweteka ndi m'mimba gasi (kuphatikizapo kutsekemera).
Sensitivities Food
Anthu ena omwe ali ndi IBS angakhalenso ndi zokhudzana ndi chakudya. Kuzindikila zakudya ndi zosiyana ndi zakudya zowona, choncho sizingapezeke poyesedwa. Zina mwazimene zimayambitsa zowonjezera chakudya zimaphatikizapo:
- Sorbitol (shuga wolowera shuga)
- Fructose (yomwe imapezeka mu madzi a zipatso ndi zipatso zouma)
- Lactose (yomwe imapezeka mkaka)
- Tirigu wa chimanga
Kusagwirizana kwa Lactose ndi chinthu chofala chomwe chimakhala chifukwa cha thupi lolephera kugunda lactose, kapena shuga wamkaka. Zizindikiro zimaphatikizapo gasi, kuphulika, komanso nthawi zina ngakhale kupweteka. Ngati akuganiza kuti kusagwirizana kwa lactose, kupeŵa mkaka ndi mankhwala a mkaka ziyenera kuchepetsa zizindikiro.
Kupeza Bwino Yanu Yogulitsa Zakudya
Kusunga chakudya ndi zolemba zadongosolo ndi njira yabwino yochezera zakudya zomwe zimatsogolera ku ziwonetsero za IBS. Zakudya zowonjezera zakudya siziyenera kuphatikiza nthawi komanso chakudya chomwe amadya, komanso komwe adadyedwa, ndi malingaliro kapena maganizo. Ndikofunika kuika zakudya zonse (ngakhale maswiti omwe mumadya kuchokera ku bokosi la ogwira naye ntchito) komanso momwe anakonzera (ie "nkhuku yokazinga" osati "nkhuku"). Zolembazo ziyenera kudzazidwa kangapo patsiku kotero palibe choiwalika. Patapita milungu ingapo, dokotala kapena katswiri wamaphunziro angathandize kuthandizira ndondomekoyi kuti apeze zakudya zoyambira.