Osteoarthritis (OA) ndi mtundu wambiri wa nyamakazi . Komabe, nyamakazi ya nyamakazi (RA) imadziwika ngati mtundu wodwala kwambiri kapena wodwala matenda a nyamakazi. Koma kusiyana kotani pakati pawo?
Mwachidule
Matenda a osteoarthritis amatchedwanso matenda ophatikizana omwe amatha kufala kapena nyamakazi. Zimayamba chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa kadoti, yomwe imakhala pakati pa mafupa omwe amapanga mgwirizano.
Kutayika kwa khungu kungachititse fupa kugwedeza pa fupa linanso lomwe lili palimodzi-vuto limene limapweteka kwambiri. Kawirikawiri, osteoarthritis imayamba mu umodzi umodzi.
Kukhudza anthu oposa 27 miliyoni ku United States, osteoarthritis imapezeka kwambiri kwa anthu okalamba oposa 65. Mitundu yonse ku US ikuwoneka kuti imakhudzidwa mofanana ndi osteoarthritis. Malingana ndi American College of Rheumatology, 70 peresenti ya anthu oposa zaka 70 ali ndi umboni wa x-ray wa osteoarthritis.
Matenda a nyamakazi , amtundu wina, ndi matenda aakulu a nyamakazi ndipo amadziwika kuti ndi matenda okhaokha . The synovium (yowonjezera mgwirizano) imakhudzidwa makamaka ndi nyamakazi, koma ziwalo za thupi lonse zingakhudzidwe. Ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi.
Pafupifupi anthu mamiliyoni 1.5 ku US ali ndi nyamakazi, ndipo pafupifupi 1 mpaka 2 peresenti ya anthu padziko lonse lapansi akukhudzidwa nazo.
Pafupifupi 75 peresenti ya odwala nyamakazi ndi amayi. Amuna, akazi, komanso ngakhale ana angathe kukhala ndi nyamakazi ya nyamakazi.
Kawirikawiri, matenda obwera chifukwa cha nyamakazi amapezeka pakati pa zaka 30 ndi 60 ndipo ambiri alibe mbiri ya banja. Pamene zimachitika mwa amuna nthawi zambiri zimamenyana m'moyo.
Zimayambitsa
Matenda a osteoarthritis ndi matenda ogwirizana omwe amakhudza kadzidzi. Zotsatira za sayansi zokhudzana ndi zomwe zimayambitsa zimachokera ku kungokhala ndi kuvala kapena kuvulaza kapena zotsatira za ukalamba. Ndiponso, madzi okhudzana ndi cartilage amayamba kuwonjezeka ndi osteoarthritis pamene mapuloteni okhala ndi karotila amayamba kuchepa. Zina zomwe zingapangitse chiwopsezo cha matenda odwala matenda a osteoarthritis monga kuvulazidwa pamodzi, kubwereza mobwerezabwereza kapena kupsinjika kwa ziwalo, kukhala wolemera kwambiri, ndi mbiri ya banja / chibadwa.
Pankhani ya nyamakazi ya nyamakazi, ofufuza akhala akugwira ntchito zaka zambiri kuti adziwe chifukwa cha yankho lachidziwitso losagwirizana ndi matendawa. Palibe chifukwa chimodzi chopezeka. Zomwe anthu ambiri amaganiza zimasonyeza kuti chibadwa chimakhalapo ndi zochitika kapena zochitika.
Zizindikiro
Osteoarthritis imakhudza kwambiri ziwalo. Zizindikiro zofala kwambiri ndizo:
- Kupweteka kwa mgwirizano wokhudzidwa mutatha kugwiritsa ntchito mobwerezabwereza kapena ntchito
- Kuuma kwa m'mawa komwe kumatenga theka la ora kapena osachepera
- Chisoni chophatikizana chomwe chimakhala choipa kwambiri patsiku
- Kutupa, kutenthetsa, ndi kuuma kwa mgwirizano wokhudzidwa pambuyo poti sitingathe kugwira ntchito
- Matenda amatulutsa, kuwonjezeka kwapadera ( nambala za Heberden ndi nkhanza za Bouchard m'manja), ndi zovuta zochepa
Zizindikiro za matenda a nyamakazi zikuphatikizapo:
- Chisoni chophatikizana
- Kuwongolera kumodzi kapena kupweteka
- Umodzi wolimba
- Kufiira ndi / kapena kutentha pafupi ndi mgwirizano
- Kuyenda kosavuta
- Kuuma kwa m'mawa kumapitirira ola limodzi
- Kuphatikizidwa kwa ziwalo zing'onozing'ono za manja ndi mapazi
- Kutopa kwambiri
- Chifuwa chachikulu
- Kuphatikizidwa kwa mgwirizano wamagetsi (mawondo onse, osati amodzi)
- Matumbo, impso, kapena kulowerera mtima
Kudziwa
Apa ndi pamene zofananitsa zina zimachitika. Mankhwalawa amatha kuwonetsa kuwonongeka kwa mgwirizano wokhudzana ndi matenda a osteoarthritis kapena nyamakazi ya nyamakazi. Arthrocentesis , kuchotsa madzi amodzi, ndi kufufuza komwe kumakhala kotheka ndi njira zomwe zingathenso kuyang'ana nyamakazi kapena nyamakazi.
Zotsatira zimasiyanitsa mtundu wa nyamakazi.
Mayeso a magazi sangathe kumvetsetsa bwinobwino matenda a osteoarthritis, koma angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuti athetse mavuto ena, kuphatikizapo nyamakazi ya nyamakazi. Zotsatira za mayesero, kuyezetsa thupi, ndi mbiri yachipatala yachipatala pamodzi zingathandize kudziwa kuti ndi chiyani.
Mayesero a Laboratory omwe amalamulidwa kuti athandizidwe kupeza matenda a nyamakazi ndi awa:
Kuchiza
Njira zothandizira osteoarthritis kuganizira za kupweteka kwa kupweteka ndi kubwezeretsa ntchito kwa ophatikizidwawo. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochiza osteoarthritis. Mankhwala otsutsana ndi kutupa ( nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), analgesics , komanso majeremusi a steroid , amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza kupweteka ndi kutupa.
Mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zochitika zolimbitsa ndi kulimbikitsa mgwirizano, kuthandizira / kuphulika , kutentha, kupumula, ndi kuchepetsa kulemera ndizofunikira kuti pulogalamu yothandizira osteoarthritis ikhale yabwino. Mankhwala ena amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga mankhwala odzoza misala ndi kudulidwa .
Chithandizo chachikulu cha matenda a nyamakazi ndi mankhwala. Pali mitundu isanu ya mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga nyamakazi, kuphatikizapo:
- Zamoyo, monga Enbrel (etanercept), Remicade (infliximab), Humira (adalimumab), Rituxan (rituximab), ndi Orencia (abatacept)
- DMARD (matenda osinthira anti-rheumatic drugs), monga methotrexate
- Corticosteroids , monga prednisone ndi hydrocortisone
- NSAID, monga Celebrex (celecoxib) ndi naproxen
- Malangizidwe (painkillers)
Pamodzi ndi mankhwala, mitundu ina yothandizira yowonjezera ndi yothandizira kapena majekeseni a m'deralo angathandize kuchepetsa ululu wa nyamakazi.
Kwa nthenda yamagazi ndi osteoarthritis, njira yomaliza yopangira chithandizo ndi opaleshoni. Izi zimaphatikizapo nyamakazi , arthrodesis (fusion), ndi arthroplasty (mgwirizano wotsatizana).
> Zotsatira:
> Arthritis Foundation. Kumvetsa Arthritis: Osteoarthritis.
> Arthritis Foundation. Kumvetsa Arthritis: Chifuwa cha Matenda a Nyamakazi.