Matenda a Circadian amachititsa munthu kugona ndi kugona pakati pa akhungu
Pali mavuto ena ogona omwe amachititsa chidwi kwambiri kuti amvetse. Makamaka, mwina zimakhala zovuta kumvetsa mavuto a circadian . Nkhani yowonjezera ndiyo choyamba chopunthwitsa; sayansi ikhoza kukhala vuto lina. Tiyeni titenge ndikuyesa kumvetsetsa chimodzi mwa zosokoneza kwambiri: Kodi Kusokonezeka kwa Maola 24-Osauka (Osati 24) ndi chiyani?
Phunzirani za zifukwa, zizindikiro, matenda, ndi chithandizo cha Osati 24.
Circadian Rhythms ndi Zowona za Osati 24
Pofuna kumvetsa bwino anthu osakhala ndi 24, nkofunika kupeza njira imodzi yofunikira kwambiri pamoyo wanu: nthawi yogona ndi kugalamuka ku kuwala kwa usiku ndi usana.
Popanda kuthera nthawi yochulukirapo pokhudzana ndi kusintha kwa chiyanjanochi, ndizomveka kulingalira kuti moyo uyenera kukhala wozindikira komanso wogwira ntchito pamene chakudya chikupezeka. Mukapanda kukhala wotetezeka, kuzizira, kapena pamene chakudya chimakhala chovuta kuti chibwere, ndibwino kuti mutseka zinthu ndi kusunga mphamvu. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa chofunikira chomwe timagona .
Kugwirizanitsa njira za thupi - kugona ndi kudzuka, kutayika kwa thupi, kutuluka kwa mahomoni - ku nthawi ya tsiku lachilengedwe kumatenga nthawi yeniyeni. Ola ili mkati limatchedwa " coreraasmatic core" (SCN) . Icho chiri mu hypothalamus , gawo lomaliza la ubongo limene likugwirizana kwambiri ndi momwe timaonera kuwala.
Kuwala kumafika m'maso ndipo kumayenda kudzera m'mitsempha ya optic, kufalikira kwa ubongo wokha. Pambuyo pa maso, zophatikizidwa kuchokera m'maso onse kudzera m'mitambo ya mitsemphayi pamalo otchedwa optic chiasm. Pamwamba pa izi ( supra ), ndi SCN. Kuwala kotero kumayendetsa bwino nthawi yomwe thupi limagwiritsira ntchito nthawi yomwe imatsatira chizunguliro cha circadian .
Popanda kuwala, thupi lathu limakhala sitimayo yomwe yatayika. Komabe ife sitiri mu zovuta zowopsya monga momwe tingaganizire. Zomwe zinapangidwira mthupi lathu, thupi lathu lidzapitirizabe kuyenda popanda kuyang'ana kuwala ndi mdima. Ngati mutayikidwa kuphanga, malo okhala ndi kuwala kosalekeza, mungagone pafupi maola 8 ndikukhala ogalamuka maola 16 patsiku - koma osati ndendende. Kwa anthu ambiri, kutalika kwake kwa tsiku ndikutalika kwa nthawi yayitali, nthawi zambiri pafupifupi maola 24/2. (Kawirikawiri zingakhalenso zazifupi kuposa maola 24.) Iyi ndi nthawi yochuluka ya ola limodzi. Chotsatira chake, tsiku lililonse mungafunike kugona ndikudzuka maminiti 30 kenako chifukwa simungadziwe masana kapena usiku. Kuwala kumathandizira kukhazikitsanso maola athu amkati tsiku ndi tsiku ndipo popanda thupi lathu njira zozungulira zimayenda mozungulira tsiku lachilengedwe. Izi zimabweretsa mwambo waulere kapena wosagwirizana womwe umasintha milungu yambiri.
Zoonadi, izi ndizochitikira akhungu. Anthu omwe sakhala ndi maganizo omveka sangathe kukhazikitsidwa. M'malomwake, chikhalidwe chawo chodziwika bwino cha circadian chimachitika. Chotsatira chake, chilakolako chawo cha kugona chimadza pang'onopang'ono tsiku lililonse, zomwe zimachititsa kuti asagona .
Amafunanso kudzuka kenako, ndipo izi zingachititse kuti munthu asagone . Padzakhala nthawi pamene padzakhala kugwirizana kwathunthu pakati pa usana ndi usiku. Kenaka, pang'onopang'ono, zinthu zidzayamba kubwerera m'mbuyo. Kusintha kwa kusinthika uku kumabweretsa matenda ogona omwe amatchedwa mwachidule, Osati 24.
Zimayambitsa
Ayi-24 nthawi zambiri imakhala chifukwa cha khungu. Akuti pali anthu 1 miliyoni omwe ali akhungu ku United States ndipo 20 peresenti ndi akhungu. Malingana ndi chikhalidwe cha khungu, ena akhoza kukhala ndi chizolowezi chozungulira cha circadian. Anthu omwe sakhala ndi malingaliro owonetsetsa ali pangozi yotenga zopanda 24.
Matendawa amachititsa kuti anthu osachepera theka ndi osachepera 50 mpaka 80 alionse amadandaula za kusokonezeka kwagona.
Chochititsa chidwi ndi chakuti, Opanda 24 angathenso kupezeka mwa anthu omwe akuwoneka. Zakhala zikudziwika pakati pa anthu omwe ali ndi nthawi yaitali yotchedwa circadian rhythm (yotchedwa tau). Zitha kuchitikanso pakati pa usiku ndi zikopa zomwe zimakhala ndi nthawi yowonongeka (DSPS) zomwe zimawoneka bwino. Zingawoneke m'mavuto oda nkhawa ndi omwe ali ndi chilema chaumphawi m'mabvuto osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo:
- Matenda a Rett
- Angelman matenda
- Dementia
- Kuvulala kwa ubongo koopsa
Mosasamala kanthu koyambitsa chifukwa cha Osati 24, zizindikirozo zidzakhala chimodzimodzi.
Zizindikiro
Anthu omwe alibe 24 adzadandaula za kusintha kovuta kugwa kapena kugona, zizindikiro za kugona, ndi kugona kwa usana. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika patatha milungu ingapo pamene chilakolako cha kugona chimasintha mogwirizana ndi chilengedwe cha kuwala ndi mdima. Padzakhala nthawi pamene kugona kumakhala kosavuta, koma pang'onopang'ono kuwonongeka pang'onopang'ono. Anthu ovutika angadandaule ndi mavuto ndi kusungulumwa, kukumbukira nthawi yayitali, ndi maganizo. Zingachititsenso kuti m'mimba mukhumudwitse komanso kumverera bwino kumatchedwa malaise. Zizindikiro izi zimatenga miyezi itatu.
Kudziwa
Matendawa amapezeka kawirikawiri potsatira njira za kugona kwa masiku osachepera 14. Izi zikhoza kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito zipika za kugona tsiku ndi tsiku kapena kujambula . Zolemba zimenezi zidzasonyeza kuchedwa pang'ono pogona pa tsiku lirilonse, chifukwa nthawi ya anthu ambiri yayitali kuposa maola 24. Kuchuluka kwa kuchedwa kumadalira muyeso wosasunthika ndipo ukhoza kuyambira kuchoka pa zosachepera 30 mphindi kufika pa ola limodzi.
Nthawi imene zimatengera kugona, kapena kugona tulo, zidzakula. Kuphatikizanso, kuwonjezereka kwapakati pa usana wa tsiku ndi tsiku kudzachitika.
Zoyezetsa zowonjezereka zingaphatikizepo kuyesa ndi kuyesa mdima wa melatonin (DLMO) kapena 6-sulfatoxymelatonin mu mkodzo, makamaka pambali ziwiri zomwe ziri masabata awiri mpaka awiri.
Kuchiza
Non-24 nthawi zambiri amachiritsidwa ndi mlingo wochepa wa melatonin wotengedwa madzulo. Hetlioz ndi mankhwala omwe alipo chifukwa cha matendawa. Anthu akhungu amatha kuchitapo kanthu nthawi zina, monga kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi ndi zakudya. Pamene osaphatikizapo 24 akupezeka, kuyang'anitsitsa bwino kwa nthawi kungakhale kothandiza.
Ngati mukukhulupirira kuti mwina muli ndi 24, yambani kufunafuna kufufuza ndi katswiri wa kugona yemwe angakonze zoyezetsa zowonjezera ndikupereka mankhwala oyenerera pa chikhalidwecho.
> Zotsatira:
> "Mayiko Osiyanasiyana a Kuvutika Magona." American Academy of Sleep Medicine , edition lachitatu, 2014.
> Lewy AJ ndi Newsome DA. "Mitundu yosiyana ya ma melatonin circadian nyimbo muzochitika zina zamaso ." J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1983; 56: 1103-07.
> Morgenthaler TI ndi al . "Yesetsani kupeza njira zowunikira komanso kuchiza matenda okhudza kugona kwa a circadian: Lipoti la American Academy of Sleep Medicine." Kugona . 2007; 30: 1445-59.
> Sack RL et al . "Circadian rhythm zosaoneka bwino mwa anthu akhungu kwambiri: zochitika ndi zofunikira zachipatala." J Clin Endocrinol Metab . 1992; 75: 127-134.
> Sack, RL et al . "Kupititsa patsogolo mafilimu othawa mwaulere ndi melatonin anthu akhungu." NEJM . 2000; 343 (15) 1070-1077.