Malo a Ubongo Nthawi Yogona, Kugalamuka, Kutentha, ndi Mahomoni
Kodi mtima wapamwamba (SCN) ndi chiyani? Phunzirani za momwe thupi la ubongoli likuyendera mu hypothalamus ndi momwe SCN imayendetsa tulo tathupi ndikukweza mapangidwe komanso kutentha, kuchepetsa thupi, ndi kutulutsa mahomoni. Dziwani zomwe zimachitika ngati SCN iwonongeka ndi zomwe zizindikiro zina zingakhale zofunika.
Mawu pa Circadian Rhythms
Pali njira zambiri zamkati zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe chathu.
Dziko lapansi liri ndi maola 23 ndi mphindi zisanu ndi ziwiri kuzungulira tsiku ndi tsiku komwe kumapereka njira zodziŵika bwino za kuwala ndi kutentha, chakudya, ndi zowonongeka. Kupyolera mu kusintha kosinthika, izi zimakhudza thupi ndi khalidwe la pafupifupi zamoyo zonse padziko lapansi, kuphatikizapo anthu. Mawu akuti circadian amafotokoza maola pafupifupi 24 ora omwe amapangidwa mosasunthika ndi zochitika za kunja izi. Kwa anthu, njira zina zamkati zamkati zomwe zingapitirize kudzipatula zimaphatikizapo:
- Kugona ndi kudzuka
- Metabolism
- Kutentha kwa thupi lathunthu
- Cortisol
- Mazinga a Melatonin
- Mahomoni ena
Pali kusiyana pakati pa mawonekedwe a thupi ndi kunja kwa nthawi. Matenda ambiri m'thupi amatsata njira yozungulira, ndipo wotsogolera wamkulu amakhala mbali ya ubongo wotchedwa core suprachiasmatic core.
Kodi Chikondi cha Suprachiasmatic of the Brain's Hypothalamus n'chiyani?
Mutu wa suprachiasmatic uli m'dera lamtsogolo la ubongo lotchedwa hypothalamus .
Lili ndi maselo a mitsempha (kapena neurons) omwe amachititsa thupi lanu kuyenda mozungulira. Mutu wa suprachiasmatic uli m'maganizo osasunthika a optic chiasm, kumene mitsempha imatuluka kuchokera ku diso lililonse kupita ku ubongo, motero imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kuwunikira kwa kuwala.
Ntchito ya SCN mu Sleep Sleep ndi Circadian Rhythms
Kuwala ndikowongoleratu wa thupi la circadian nyimbo.
Amapezeka m'diso ndi mapulogalamu omwe amatchedwa cellensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) omwe ali ndi melanopsin ya photopigment. Pali mgwirizano wotchedwa tsamba la retinohypothalamic limene limachokera ku retina la diso kupita ku hypothalamus yapansi. M'kati mwa hypothalamus imakhala SCN, thupi lopangira pacemaker (kapena wotchi).
Zovuta za kugona za Circadian zingathe kuchitika pamene mgwirizano pakati pa thupi ndi malo akunja watayika. Zitsanzo za kugona ndi kugalamuka sizingagwirizane ndi zikhalidwe za anthu. Izi ziphatikizapo:
- Matenda osachepera afupi
- Matenda oyambirira a matenda ogona
- Zamasewera ( Osati 24 )
- Kusagona mokwanira kumayendera nyimbo
Izi zimapezeka chifukwa cha zifukwa zambiri. Anthu ena omwe ali ndi nthawi yochepetsera nthawi yayitali amabadwa kuti azikhala ndi zolakwika, zomwe zikuchitika m'mabanja komanso kuyambira ali aang'ono. Mavutowa akhoza kuwonongeka ndi zosankha za moyo, kuphatikizapo kugona kosayenerera kapena kusakhala ndi nthawi yowoneka bwino. N'zotheka kuti chikhalidwe choipa, chovulala, kapena zina zothandizira pa chitukuko cha matenda a circadian.
Kodi Chimachitika Ngati Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Ili Kuwonongeka?
Poganizira njira yochokera ku kuwala kwa SCN, n'zotheka kuti zowonongeka zizichitika m'malo osiyanasiyana.
Anthu omwe ali akhungu mwathunthu, akusowa kwathunthu malingaliro a kuwala, akhoza kukhala opanda 24. Poyambitsa matenda otha kuchepa monga matenda a Alzheimers, makamaka omwe amakhala kumalo osungirako anthu okalamba, sangathe kugona. Zoopsa, kupwetekedwa, kapena zotupa zingakhudzenso SCN ndipo zimayambitsa kupweteka kwake.
Pamene chiwombankhanga chapakati cha thupi chikuwonongeka ndipo ntchito yake imasokonezeka, mawotchi ozungulira amataya mkulu wawo. Kutulutsidwa kwa mahomoni, kuchepa kwa thupi, ndi njira zina kungasokonezeke. Pali kafukufuku wina woyambirira omwe amasonyeza kuti izi zingathandize ku matenda osiyanasiyana.
Zizindikiro zina za nthawi zingakhale zofunikira. Mu khungu, mlingo wochepa wa melatonin madzulo angakhale wofunikira. Kapenanso, kugwiritsa ntchito Hetlioz kungasonyezedwe. Kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, zakudya, kutentha kwa chilengedwe, komanso malo ogona angakhale ndi udindo waukulu pakuwonetsera nthawi ya mkatikati.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mukufuna kuti mukhale ndi matenda a circadian, yambani kulankhula ndi katswiri wa kugona. Mukhoza kubwereza zizindikiro zanu ndikupeza mankhwala omwe angakuthandizeni kugona bwino usiku ndikumakhala bwinoko masana.
> Zotsatira:
> Honma, K et al . "Kusiyanasiyana kwa zotsatira za kuwala ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu pa > reentrainment > za chizunguliro cha anthu." Am J Physiol . 1995; > 268: R528-R535 >.
> Kryger, MH et al . "Mfundo Zothandiza Pogona Mankhwala." ExpertConsult , kope lachisanu, 2011.
> Moore-Ede, MC ndi al . "Zomwe zimayendera nthawi," mu The Clocks That Time Us . Cambridge, Massachusetts, Harvard University Press, 1984, p. 3.
> Peters, BR. "Nthaŵi Yogona Yopanda Nkhazikika ndi Kugalamuka." Kuunika kwa Mavuto a Kugona . Mchipatala Chogona . 9 (2014) 481-489.
> Ramsey, KM ndi Bass, J. "Zitsanzo za zinyama zosokoneza chronobiology: maselo ndi minofu," mu Mfundo ndi Zochita za Sleep Medicine . Kusinthidwa ndi Kryger MH, Roth T, Dement WC. St. Louis, Missouri, Elsevier Saunders, 2011, tsamba 463-467.