Kuda nkhawa Kwambiri Kungayambitse Kutsogolo
Mukakhala ndi nkhawa, mumakhala kovuta kugwedeza nkhawa. Zingasonyeze ngati kudandaula kosalekeza kapena mavuto omwe sangasiye minofu yanu. Kodi matenda ovutika maganizo ndi otani? Kodi nkhawa kapena nkhawa zimakhudza bwanji kugona? Kodi zingapangitse bwanji kugona ? Phunzirani za kugwirizana pakati pa nkhawa, nkhawa, ndi mavuto ogona.
Kodi Chibadwa Chodetsa Nkhawa N'chiyani?
Ziribe kanthu malo anu m'moyo, nkhawa ndizofala. Zingayambitse nkhawa zomwe sizidzatha. Ngati mavutowa akulimbana ndi kuthekera kwanu, zingakhale zovuta kugwira ntchito masana ndikulephera kugona usiku. Kodi zizindikiro za nkhawa yeniyeni ndi chiyani?
Ngakhale kuti anthu 18 peresenti amadandaula chifukwa cha nkhaŵa m'chaka choperekedwa, matenda osokonezeka maganizo (GAD) sagwirizana kwambiri (akuyembekezeka kuti amapezeka 3%). Zimakhudza amayi ambiri poyerekeza ndi amuna. GAD imatanthauzira nkhawa, nkhawa, ndi zofala zomwe zimachitika kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. Ilipo masiku ambiri kuposa ayi. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, nkhawa yomwe imakhala nayo imakhudza mbali zambiri za moyo, kuphatikizapo ntchito kapena sukulu komanso ntchito zina. Kudandaula uku n'kovuta kulamulira. Nthawi zambiri pali zizindikiro zina zogwirizana ndi GAD, kuphatikizapo:
- Kupuma kapena kudzimva "pamphepete"
- Kutopa kosavuta
- Kusalongosoka kovuta
- Kukhumudwa
- Kuthamanga kwa minofu
- Kusagona kapena kugona mopanda phokoso
GAD ndi matenda aakulu ndipo nthawi zambiri sichimasintha. Kawirikawiri zimakhala ndi zowonongeka ndi zowonongeka, ndi nthawi zomwe zingakhale zabwino kapena zoipira. Nthawi zambiri amakhala pamodzi ndi kuvutika maganizo . GAD ili ndi zotsatira zofunika pa tulo.
Kupanikizika, Nkhawa, ndi Kugonjetsedwa Kwambiri
Nkhawa yomwe imakhala ndi GAD nthawi zambiri imalepheretsa kugona komanso kumasowa tulo. Izi sizodziwika. Nkhawa ingakhoze kuonedwa ngati kusayenerera kosayenera kwa yankho lotchedwa arousal. Zimakhulupirira kuti zamoyo zinasintha kuti zikhalebe tcheru kuopseza, kuti tithe kuyankha moyenera ndi kudziteteza tokha. Ndizothandiza kukhala wamanjenje pamene mikango yanjala ikuyendayenda. Komabe, pamene dongosolo lino likulowa molakwika, pali zotsatira zoipa.
Kusokonezeka tulo ndi chimodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu omwe angapangitse, akukhudzidwa ndi anthu 56-75% omwe ali ndi GAD. Tangoganizani kukondana ngati belu likukhala. Iko kumakusangalatsani, kukupangitsani kukhala pansi ndi kumvetsera. Ikugwiritsanso ntchito mitsempha yanu pang'ono. Pamene belu limangoyendayenda usiku, ndi kovuta kugona. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti vuto lilole, kugona, kapena kugona kumene sikungotsitsimutse. Izi zonse zimatchedwa kusowa tulo.
Nkhawa zomwe zimatsogolera kuwonjezeka nkhawa ndi mavuto zingabwere kutsogolo pogona usiku. Pamene zosokoneza za tsikulo zichotsedweratu, kufotokozera za ntchito, ndalama, kapena maubwenzi angafike pamtunda.
Kuvuta kugona kungathe kusokoneza nkhawa zake za zotsatira za ntchito tsiku lotsatira. Kugona mokwanira kungabweretse mavuto ena omwe nthawi zambiri amawonekera GAD, kuphatikizapo mavuto ndi maganizo.
Pamene kugona kwa anthu omwe ali ndi GAD kumawerengedwa, palinso zofukufuku zomwe zimawonedwa kuti zikugwirizana ndi matenda a kusowa tulo. Phunziro lodziŵika bwino, lotchedwa polysomnogram , liwonetsa kuwonjezeka kwa kugona tulo (nthawi yomwe imatenga tulo tofa nato) ndi kugalamuka mwamsanga mukatha kugona. Chiwerengero cha tulo tafupika. Anthu omwe ali ndi GAD akhoza kukhala ndi kuwuka kwa m'mawa kwambiri, chizindikiro chomwe nthawi zambiri chimapezeka mu kuvutika maganizo (komwe kumasonyezanso kuti kugona kwa REM kumayamba msanga).
Kuchiza kwa Matenda Omwe Amadetsa Nkhawa
Njira zothandizira matenda ovutika maganizo ndi ofanana ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mabvuto ena. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, chidziwitso cha khalidwe labwino, ndi njira zosangalatsa. Monga momwe GAD imakhala yachilombo, imatha kukhala chithandizo cham'tsogolo kwa zaka zambiri.
Benzodiazepines ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuti athetse nkhawa. Makamaka, alprazolam ndi clonazepam nthawi zambiri amalembedwa. Ngakhale kuti mankhwalawa sakuvomerezedwa kuti azitha kudwala matenda ogona kwa nthawi yaitali, zingakhale zothandiza kuthetsa nkhawa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) monga servafaxine amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Thanzi labwino labwino labwino limakhala lothandiza kwambiri poyang'anira GAD. Kawirikawiri mankhwalawa amaperekedwa ndi akatswiri apadera a zamaganizo kapena a maganizo a anthu. Ndi chithandizo chomwe amachikonda kwambiri kwa okalamba omwe angadwale chifukwa cha mankhwala a benzodiazepine, kuphatikizapo chiopsezo cha kugwa kovulaza.
Kwa iwo omwe akuvutika ndi nkhawa ndi nkhawa, makamaka ngati izi zimayambitsa kugona, yambani kulankhula ndi dokotala wanu wamkulu yemwe angakulimbikitseni kutumizira kwa katswiri wa zamaganizo.
Zotsatira:
Buku Lophatikiza ndi Kusanthula Mankhwala a Mental Disorders (DSM-IV), American Psychiatric Press , 4th edition, 1994.
Kryger, MH et al . "Mfundo Zothandiza Pogona Mankhwala." ExpertConsult , kope lachisanu, 2011, pp. 1477-1478.