PTSD Ikhoza Kuwatsogolera ku Zisokonezo, Kusagona
Zizindikiro zoyambirira zomwe zimagwirizanitsa ndi vuto lopwetekedwa ndi matenda pambuyo pake (PTSD) zingayambidwe ndi chokhumudwitsa, koma zotsatira zake zingakhalepo kwa miyezi kapena zaka. Zotsatira za PTSD pa tulo zingakhale zakuya, ndipo zimachokera ku kusowa tulo mpaka zoopsa . Kodi PTSD ndi chiyani? Kodi PTSD imakhudza bwanji kugona? Phunzirani za vutoli ndi zina zomwe mungachite.
Kodi PTSD ndi chiyani?
Matenda a post-traumatic stress (PTSD) ndi chikhalidwe cha maganizo chomwe chimayambira pambuyo pa chochitika chokhumudwitsa ndipo chimadziwika ndi zochitika zosayembekezereka, zomwe sizikuchitikanso pazochitikazo. Maganizo oyenera omwe amapezeka chifukwa cha masautso - kuphatikizapo mantha, kusowa thandizo, ndi mantha - angapitirize ndi kuwatsogolera.
Kawirikawiri, kupsinjika kwa PTSD kungakhale chinthu chomwe pafupifupi aliyense amene akukumana nacho chingakhumudwitse kwambiri. Zitha kuopseza moyo, monga kuzunzidwa mwankhanza, kuvulazidwa, kapena ngozi yapamsewu ya galimoto. Nthawi zina, mwambowu ukhoza kukhala mwachangu kusintha-moyo m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga imfa yadzidzidzi ya wokondedwa. Zochitikazi zingakhale zochitika mobwerezabwereza, monga kuwonetsedwa kovulazidwa m'nkhondo zachiwawa kapena nkhanza zapakhomo.
Chifukwa cha zochitikazi, ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi nkhawa, nthawi zambiri zokhudzana ndi mwambowu, ndi kusowa tulo.
Izi zikhoza kukhala masiku angapo mutatha chiyambi. Nthawi zina maganizo amathabe. Ngati zizindikiro zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku, monga momwe mungathe kupita kuntchito ndi kusamalira banja lanu, komanso kumverera kwa mavuto enieni kapena kukumbukira (chinachake chotchedwa kusokonezeka), chingatchedwe kuti matenda ovutika maganizo.
Nthawi zambiri zizindikirozi zimachepetsedwa patatha milungu ingapo. Ngati amatha, monga momwe amachitira 10-30% mwa anthu pambuyo pa chochitika choopsa, zotsatira zake zimakhala zovuta komanso zovuta zimapezeka ngati PTSD.
Zizindikiro za PTSD zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu: kubwereranso, kupeŵa, ndi kuwonetsetsa. Zizindikiro zofala zimaphatikizapo:
- Kuwonanso zizindikiro : kukumbukira, mafano, malingaliro, malingaliro, maloto, zopweteketsa mtima, kudalira, malingaliro, malingaliro, kapena kugwedeza.
- Pewani zizindikiro : kupeŵa kukukumbutsani za vutoli, kuphatikizapo maganizo, malingaliro, zokambirana, ntchito, malo, anthu, asilikali, mgwirizano.
- Zizindikiro zaumtima : kusowa tulo, kupsa mtima, kupsa mtima, kuvutika maganizo, kusungunuka, kapena kuwonjezeka koyankhidwa.
Ngati zizindikirozi zimatha miyezi isanu kapena itatu, zimatengedwa kuti ndi PTSD. Pakatha miyezi isanu ndi itatu, iwo amaonedwa kuti ndi PTSD osatha. Zikuoneka kuti PTSD imakhudza anthu asanu ndi awiri (7-8%) pa nthawi ina m'miyoyo yawo. Amapezeka kawiri kawirikawiri kwa amayi, makamaka pankhani ya nkhanza zapakhomo ndi chiwawa. Kawirikawiri zimakhudza anthu omwe amatha kuwatsutsa. Ikhoza kugwirizana ndi kuvutika maganizo.
Zotsatira za PTSD pa Kugona Zimaphatikizapo Zozizira, Kutaya Mtima
Pali zotsatira zabwino za PTSD pamene tigona.
Kafukufuku wina akusonyeza kuti 70 peresenti ya anthu omwe ali ndi PTSD amagona madandaulo, nthawi zambiri kusowa tulo ndi zoopsa.
Kusokonezeka kumene kumachitika mu tulo kawirikawiri kumagwirizana ndi zizindikiro za PTSD. Kusokoneza maganizo komwe kumachitika kungachititse kuti munthu asamadzidzimutse kwambiri komanso asagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mukuwopa kuti mukugwidwa ndi tulo tanu, mukhoza kugona mopepuka ndikudziŵa zochitika zonse m'nyumbamo usiku. Kuda nkhawa kumeneku kungachititse kuti munthu asagwe tulo. Zingathenso kugwirizanitsidwa ndi kugona tulo tofa .
PTSD ikhozanso kuyambitsa kuwomba ndi zoopsa. Mipingo imeneyi ikuphatikizapo kukumana ndi zovutazo.
Zingakhale zoonekeratu, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakumbukiridwa pa kugalamuka. Zingawatsogolere kusuntha kapena zochita pa nthawi ya tulo ndikusintha. Zimenezi zingayambitse khalidwe loipa kapena lovulaza. Pakhoza kukhala kugona. Kuonjezera apo, kuwonetsa zokhazokha panthawi ya kusintha kapena kugona kumachitika.
Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi PTSD amamwa mowa kuti athetse vuto lawo. Kugwiritsa ntchito mowa kungapangitse kusokoneza kupuma pamene mukugona, zomwe zimawoneka ngati kutupa kwa mpweya .
Pamene kugona kwa anthu omwe ali ndi PTSD kumayesedwa mu labotayi yagona, palibe zochitika zazikulu zomwe zatchulidwa. Mwina pangakhale makina owonjezereka, kupuma mokhumudwa, kapena kupatulidwa kwa kugona kwa REM , koma zomwe zimafukulidwa sizigwirizana ndipo pakufunika kuphunzira zambiri.
Kuchiza kwa Mavuto Ogona PTSD
Pali mankhwala ochiritsira omwe alipo chifukwa cha zizindikiro za PTSD, kuphatikizapo zotsatira za kugona. Izi zingaphatikizepo mankhwala komanso mankhwala.
Monga mbali ya izi, ndikofunika kwambiri kuti muzitha kuchiza matenda ena. Izi zingaphatikizepo kuvutika maganizo, nkhawa, mantha, mantha, kumwa mowa mopitirira muyeso. Mankhwala othandiza pa mavutowa angakhale monga serotonin reuptake inhibitors (sertraline, paroxetine), tricyclic antidepressants, ndi monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Chofunika makamaka kuchipatala kwa zoopsa zomwe zimagwiridwa ndi PTSD ndi prazosin . Komanso, mankhwala monga olanzapine, risperidone, ndi quetiapine angagwiritsidwe ntchito.
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala, psychotherapy ndi katswiri wa zamaganizo kapena wamaganizo ndi njira yoyenera kapena yothandizira.
Mawu Ochokera
Ngati mukudwala matenda okhudzana ndi PTSD, muyenera kulankhula ndi adokotala za njira zomwe mungasankhe. Sizowonongeka kuti muyenera kuvutika ndi nokha.
Zotsatira:
"Kufufuza ndi Kusanthula Buku la Mavuto a Mitsempha (DSM-IV)." Magazini ya American Psychiatric , edition 4, 1994.
Kryger, MH et al . "Mfundo Zothandiza Pogona Mankhwala." ExpertConsult , kope lachisanu, 2011, masamba 1481-1483.