Mwachidule cha kunenepa kwambiri
Mawu akuti 'kunenepa' amaponyedwa mozungulira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zina sizingakhale zomveka bwino. Kodi likutanthawuza kwa aliyense yemwe ali woposa kunenepa kapena ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu kutaya? Kapena kodi zoposa izo? Pali lingaliro lachipatala la kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kunenepa kwambiri, komanso kudziwa kusiyana ndi kofunikira pa thanzi lanu.
Kodi Kunenepa Kwambiri N'kutani?
Tanthauzo la zachipatala la kunenepa kwambiri limakhudza kuchuluka kwa chiwerengero cha thupi (BMI).
BMI yachibadwa imatanthawuza kuti ikugwa pakati pa 18.5 ndi 24.9 kilo imodzi pa mamita awiri. Matenda omwe amadziwika kuti mankhwala owonjezera thanzi amatchedwa BMI ya 25.0 mpaka 29.9, ndipo BMI ikagunda 30.0, imayambitsa ndondomeko ya zachipatala yokhudza kunenepa kwambiri. Kudziwa kuti kunenepa kwambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pa BMI ya 40.0 kapena kuposa.
Chofunika kwambiri, kunenepa kwambiri tsopano kukuzindikiritsidwa ngati matenda komanso. Mu 2013, American Medical Association (AMA) inalengeza mwachindunji kuti, "kuvomereza" zopindulitsa kwambiri komanso zachuma za kunenepa kwambiri monga kufunika kwa chithandizo chamankhwala, kufufuza ndi maphunziro a matenda ena akuluakulu padziko lonse lapansi. "
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Kumvetsa Mitundu Yambiri Ya Kunenepa Kwambiri
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Matenda A Adipose Akuyenera Kuyesedwa Kuti Inu Mukhalebe Thanzi Labwino
Ndipotu mliri wa kunenepa kwambiri ndi umodzi mwa mavuto akuluakulu a anthu masiku ano. Malingana ndi World Health Organization (WHO), akuluakulu oposa 1 biliyoni padziko lonse ali olemera kwambiri, ndipo oposa 300 miliyoni mwa akuluwo amakumana ndi tanthauzo lachipatala cha kunenepa kwambiri. Komanso, WHO imalingalira kuti kunenepa kumabweretsa magawo awiri pa magawo asanu ndi limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi a ndalama zonse zothandizira zaumoyo m'mayiko angapo otukuka, ndipo kufalikira kwawo m'mayiko ambiri a ku Ulaya kwakhala katatu kuyambira m'ma 1980. Ngakhale mayiko omwe akutukuka tsopano akukhudzidwa ndipo, nthawi zambiri, akuwona kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri komwe kuli mofulumira kuposa mayiko otukuka.
Zinthu Zisanu Zomwe Muyenera Kudziwa Ponena za Kunenepa Kwambiri
1) Pali Zowonjezera Zambiri Zokwanira Kwambiri
Zina ndi zamoyo , ndipo zambiri ndi zachilengedwe. Zomwe zimayambitsa chilengedwe zimaphatikizapo zinthu zomwe zimakhala ndi moyo , monga kutsogolera moyo wokhazikika , kudya shuga wambiri , kudya nthawi zambiri, komanso kusagona mokwanira, pakati pa ena. Mankhwala ena komanso mankhwala amatha kuchepetsa kulemera.
2) Kunenepa Kwambiri N'kosatheka
Mofanana ndi matenda ambiri osadwala, monga matenda a shuga ndi matenda a mtima (zomwe zonsezi zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kunenepa kwambiri), kunenepa kwambiri makamaka-ngati sikuli kotheka.
Njira zothandizira kuchepa kunenepa ndi kudziŵa zoopsa zanu , kukhala tcheru pokhudzana ndi kudya zakudya zowonongeka , kupanga nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku, ndikupitirizabe kuyenda tsiku lonse.
3) Kutaya Kwambiri Ndi Vuto Lowopsya kwa Zambiri Zochiritsira Zina
Kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri kwagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya khansa, matenda a mtima, kupweteka kwa magazi, kuthamanga kwa magazi , matenda a shuga, kutsekeka kwa kugona tulo , ndi ngakhale kusabereka . Mwamwayi, ndipo mwinamwake kwa nthawi yoyamba m'mbiri, kulemera kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri tsopano kuli ndi udindo wa imfa zambiri padziko lonse kuposa kusowa kwa zakudya m'thupi kapena kukhala wochepa kwambiri.
Padziko lonse, malinga ndi zimene WHO ananena, 44 peresenti ya shuga, 23 peresenti ya matenda a mtima ischemic, ndipo pafupifupi 41 peresenti ya khansa zina zimakhala chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri komanso kunenepa kwambiri.
Nkhani yabwino ndi yakuti kutaya thupi ndi kuperewera kwa kunenepa kwambiri kungathetse mavutowa. Kafukufuku wapeza kuti kutaya kwa 5 peresenti mpaka 10 peresenti ya kulemera kwakukulu kungawononge kuchepetsa kwakukulu kwa matenda okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri. Ndipo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku, mosasamala kanthu za kuwonongeka kolemera, kumakhala ndi ubwino wathanzi.
4) Matenda a Padziko Lonse Ndi Odalirika Kwambiri
Kuwonjezeka kwaunyamata kwawonjezeka ku United States kwa zaka zingapo tsopano, ndipo, malinga ndi American Heart Association (AHA), pafupifupi mmodzi mwa ana atatu ndi achinyamata ali olemera kapena olemera kwambiri.
Monga momwe AHA amanenera, chiwerengero chimenechi chiri pafupifupi katatu chomwe chinali mu 1963. Ndipotu, kunenepa kwambiri kwaunyamata kwakhala koopsa kwambiri ndipo kuopsa kwa thanzi la ana kuti American Academy of Pediatrics tsopano ili ndi webusaiti yathunthu yoperekedwa kuti itetezedwe ndi kuchiritsidwa.
Izi mosakayikira n'zovuta kuti kholo lirilonse lizimva. Ngati mukudandaula kuti mwana wanu akhoza kukhala olemera kwambiri kapena kunenepa kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mukambirane za nkhawa yanu ndi mwana wanu wamwamuna ndikupempha thandizo ndi njira zomwe zingayambitse kulemera koyenera kwa mwana wanu komanso mkhalidwe wanu.
Ngati mwana wanu akudziwitsani kuti ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri, mukhoza kugwira bwino ntchito ndi mwana wanu kuti azichita masewera olimbitsa thupi tsiku ndi tsiku (makamaka ngati alibe maphunziro kusukulu), komanso kulimbikitsa kudya wathanzi zizoloŵezi. Izi zikuphatikizapo kutenga njira zothandizira miyambo yathanzi pa maholide omwe nthawi zambiri amagwirizanitsidwa ndi shuga, monga Halloween ndi Pasitala, ndi kuika patsogolo pa kudya kunyumba.
Komanso yesetsani kuthetsa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kuchokera ku zakudya za mwana wanu, ndipo fufuzani zosangalatsa za banja zomwe zimaphatikizapo kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, makamaka kunja.
5) Zochiritsira Zosiyanasiyana Zilipo Tsopano Zowonjezera Kutaya Kwambiri
Izi zimachokera ku zakudya ndi moyo kusintha kwa mankhwala otsutsana ndi kunenepa kwambiri, zipangizo zamankhwala, ndi njira zopangira opaleshoni zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi liwonongeke, monga opaleshoni yairatric.
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Kodi Pali Kugwirizana pakati pa Kulemera Kwanga ndi Migraines Yanga?
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Kodi Kusiyanitsa Pakati pa Kukhala Wolemera Kwambiri Ndi Kukhala Wovuta Kwambiri Ndi Chiyani?
Malinga ndi malangizo a kunenepa kwambiri kwa 2013 omwe atulutsidwa ndi AHA, American College of Cardiology (ACC), ndi The Obesity Society (TOS), opaleshoni yachipatala ndi mwayi kwa iwo omwe ali ndi kunenepa kwambiri omwe ayesa kale kusintha zakudya ndi kusintha kwa moyo ndi mankhwala oletsa kunenepa kwambiri , ndipo akadali ndi BMI ya 40 kapena kuposa, kapena BMI ya 35 kapena yaikulu ndi matenda ena omwe amadziwika kuti amayamba chifukwa cha kunenepa kwambiri.
Ku United States, mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi opaleshoni yotchuka kwambiri (omwe amadziwikanso kuti "opaleshoni ya kulemera kwa thupi") ndi ndondomeko yamanja ya m'mimba (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti sleeve gastrectomy).
Ngati Mwayamba Kuzindikiridwa Ndi Kunenepa Kwambiri
Mwinamwake mwawerengera BMI yanu pogwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse ya ma calculator ya intaneti pa Intaneti ndipo mwatsimikiza kuti muli ndi kunenepa kwambiri, kapena mwakhala mukuuzidwa choncho ndi dokotala wanu kapena wothandizira zaumoyo.
Ndibwino kuti mukambirane zomwe mungachite kuti muthe kunenepa kwanu muyenera kukhala ndi dokotala wanu. Kawirikawiri, kusintha kwa zakudya zanu ndi kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi kumalimbikitsa poyamba.
Palinso magulu othandizira ndi magulu omwe angathandize. Anthu Odya Zakudya Osadziwika, mwachitsanzo, ndi gulu lothandizira anthu omwe amatsatira gawo limodzi la magawo 12. Misonkhano ikuchitika padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mamembala angakhale osadziwika.
Kuonjezera apo, ngati mukuganiza kuti mwina mumakonda kudya , pali Chakudya Chakudya Chosavomerezeka, gulu lina lothandizira lomwe lingathandize, makamaka ngati mukupeza kuti mukudya zakudya zosokonezeka kapena mukupita ku chakudya chifukwa cha maganizo.
Chofunika kukumbukira ndichoti kunenepa kwambiri ndiko kuchiza. Ngakhale kuti kudzatenga kudzipatulira ndi kudzipereka kwanu, komanso kusintha kwakukulu ndi kulingalira bwino kwa moyo wanu wa tsiku ndi tsiku, simuyenera kusiya-phindu la moyo wanu wautali ndilofunika kwambiri.
Kumbukirani kuti kafukufuku wapeza kuti kutaya 5 peresenti mpaka 10 peresenti ya kulemera kwa thupi lanu ngati muli olemera kwambiri kapena ochepa kwambiri mukhoza kusokoneza kwambiri thanzi lanu. Izi zikuphatikizapo kusintha kwa zinthu zoopsa za matenda a mtima, monga cholesterol wam'mwamba ndi kuthamanga kwa magazi, komanso chiopsezo chochepa chokhala ndi shuga ya mtundu wa 2 .
Njira Zotsatira Zoganizira
Ngati mwapezeka kuti muli ndi kunenepa kwambiri, onetsetsani kuti mumagwira ntchito iliyonse ya magazi yomwe dokotala wanu amalimbikitsa, makamaka shuga, chiwindi, ndi chithokomiro, zomwe zingabweretse matenda okhudzana ndi kunenepa kwambiri.
Malingana ndi US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), kuyesa matenda a shuga pofufuza shuga wa magazi kumalimbikitsa anthu akuluakulu omwe ali olemera kwambiri kapena olemera kwambiri ndipo ali pakati pa zaka 40 mpaka 70. Momwemo, izi zikanatheka chaka ndi chaka monga gawo la kafukufuku wathanzi komanso kuunika kwa mtima.
Mawu Ochokera
Kukhala ndi kunenepa kwambiri kungakhale kovuta. Koma kumbukirani-mwamwayi, kunenepa kwambiri ndi kochiritsidwa ndipo kungasinthidwe. Kusintha kulikonse kumene mungapange kungakhale koyenera. Izi zingatheke kupyolera mu zakudya ndi kusintha kwa moyo, mankhwala, opaleshoni, kapena kuphatikizapo pamwambapa. Simuli nokha. Kumbukirani kuti, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kunenepa kwambiri ndi kunenepa kwambiri m'dziko lapansi lerolino, anthu ambiri ku United States ndi kuzungulira dziko lapansi akugawana ulendo umenewu ndipo akulimbana ndi inu. Osataya mtima.
> Zotsatira:
> 2013 AHA / ACC / TOS Malangizo Otsogolera Otsogolera Kuposa Kunenepa Kwambiri ndi Kulemera kwa Okalamba: A Re- port > a American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines ndi The Obesity Society [yofalitsidwa pa Intaneti pa November 27, 2013] . Kudutsa.
> American Medical Association Nyumba ya Osonkhana: Kuthetsa 420 - Kuzindikiritsidwa Kwambiri Kwambiri Monga Matenda. Anapezeka pa March 7, 2014. Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, et al.
> Fontaine KR, Redden DT, Wang C, et al. Zaka Zambiri Zamoyo Zinatayika Chifukwa Chokwanira Kwambiri. JAMA 2003; 289: 187-193.
> Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Kukula kwa Ubwana ndi Kulemera Kwambiri ku United States, 2011-2012. JAMA. 2014; 311 (8): 806-814.
> Olshansky SJ, Passaro DJ, Hershow RC, et al. Zomwe Zingatheke M'moyo Zoyembekeza ku United States m'zaka za m'ma 2100. N Engl J Med 2005; 352: 1128-1145.
> Siu AL; Gulu la Ntchito Yothandizira ku United States. Kuwunika kwa Shuga Yopanda Magazi ndi Mtundu Wachiwiri wa shuga Mellitus: Chidule cha Utumiki wa US Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2015; 163: 861-8.
> Tuomilehto J, Lindstrom J, Eriksson JG, et al. Kupewa Mtundu Wachiwiri wa shuga Maselo ndi Kusintha kwa Moyo Wosatha Pakati pa Omwe Ali ndi Matenda Osowa Kwambiri Kukumana ndi Shuga. N Eng J Med 2001; 344: 1343-1350.
> Bungwe la Padziko Lonse la Umoyo. Zambiri pa Kunenepa Kwambiri. Amapezeka pa intaneti pa http://www.who.int/features/factfiles/obesity/facts/en/index3.html pa October 2, 2014.